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214 results for “Climatic variables”
Dengue incidence and climatic variables in Cali from 2015 to 2021
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Data for Contrasting life-history responses to climate variability in eastern and western North Pacific sardine populations
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Data from: Testing metabolic cold adaptation and the climatic variability hypotheses across the latitudinal range of a widespread, supratidal water beetle
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Variability due to climate and chemistry in observations of oxygenated Earth-analogue exoplanets: Simulations and results
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Variable vulnerability to climate change in New Zealand lizards
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Data for: Greater plasticity in CTmax with increased climate variability among populations of tailed frogs lacking opportunity for behavioral thermoregulation
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Code: A model of wild bee populations accounting for spatial heterogeneity and climate induced temporal variability of food resources at the landscape level
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Variable species establishment in response to microhabitat indicates different likelihoods of climate-driven range shifts
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Climate model experiments of regional-scale tree die-off replaced by shrubs (select variables at daily time resolution): Part 4
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Climate model experiments of regional-scale tree die-off replaced by grass (select variables at daily time resolution): Part 2
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Soil nitrous oxide (N2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) flux from a Central Iowa crop field and accompanying soil edaphic and climatic variables.
To quantify the magnitude of soil nitrous oxide flux and the drivers of nitrous oxide emissions in a representative central Iowa corn-soybean agricultural system, we measured greenhouse gas emissions (N2O and CO2) from 2017 to 2019 (primarily using custom automated chambers) along with soil chemical and physical parameters across a topographic gradient in a typically managed agricultural field near Ames, Iowa, USA. More details can be found in the associated manuscript, Lawrence et al. (2021).
Downscaled climate grids of California at 90m for a variety of bioclimatic variables from 1971-2000, derived from historical climate grids
This dataset is comprised of 90 Geotiff images of selected bioclimatic variables for the state of California (extended past state lines to river basin boundaries). Originally created to model plant species distributions in California (Franklin et al. 2013. Modeling plant species distributions under future climates: how fine-scale do climate projections need to be? Global Change Biology 19: 473-483).
Dispa-SET Output files for the JRC report "Power System Flexibility in a variable climate"
<p>Here you can find the model results of the <a href="https://doi.org/10.2760/75312">report</a>:</p> <pre><code>De Felice, M., Busch, S., Kanellopoulos, K., Kavvadias, K. and Hidalgo Gonzalez, I., Power system flexibility in a variable climate, EUR 30184 EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2020, ISBN 978-92-76-18183-5 (online), doi:10.2760/75312 (online), JRC120338. </code></pre> <p>This dataset contains both the raw GDX files generated by the GAMS (<www.gams.com>) optimiser for the <a href="http://www.dispaset.eu">Dispa-SET model</a>. Details on the output format and the names of the variables can be found in the Dispa-SET documentation. A markdown notebook in R (and the rendered PDF) contains an example on how to read the GDX files in R.</p> <p>We also include in this dataset a data frame saved in the <a href="https://parquet.apache.org/">Apache Parquet format</a> that can be read both <a href="http://arrow.apache.org/blog/2019/08/08/r-package-on-cran/">in R</a> and <a href="https://arrow.apache.org/docs/python/parquet.html">Python</a>.</p> <p>A description of the methodology and the data sources with the references can be found into the report.</p> <p><strong>Linked resources</strong></p> <ul> <li>Input files:<strong> </strong>https://zenodo.org/record/3775569#.XqqY3JpS-fc</li> <li>Source code for the figures: https://github.com/energy-modelling-toolkit/figures-JRC-report-power-system-and-climate-variability</li> </ul> <p><strong>Update</strong></p> <p>[29/06/2020] Updated new version of the Parquet file with the right data in the column `climate_year`</p>
Data from: Cascading effects of climate variability on the breeding success of an edge population of an apex predator
<p>1. Large-scale environmental forces can influence biodiversity at different levels of biological organization. Climate, in particular, is often associated to species distributions and diversity gradients. However, its mechanistic link to population dynamics is still poorly understood.</p> <p>2. Here, we unraveled the full mechanistic path by which a climatic driver, the Atlantic trade winds, determines the viability of a bird population.</p> <p>3. We monitored the breeding population of Eleonora's falcons in the Canary Islands for over a decade (2007-2017) and integrated different methods and data to reconstruct how the availability of their prey (migratory birds) is regulated by trade winds. We tracked foraging movements of breeding adults using GPS, monitored departure of migratory birds using weather radar, and simulated their migration trajectories using an individual-based, spatially explicit model.</p> <p>4. We demonstrate that regional easterly winds regulate the flux of migratory birds that is available to hunting falcons, determining food availability for their chicks and consequent breeding success. By reconstructing how migratory birds are pushed towards the Canary Islands by trade winds, we explain most of the variation (up to 86%) in annual productivity for over a decade.</p> <p>5. This study unequivocally illustrates how a climatic driver can influence local-scale demographic processes, while providing novel evidence of wind as a major determinant of population fitness in a top predator. 06-Jul-2020</p>
Relative effects of climate and litter traits on decomposition change with time, climate and trait variability
<div class="WordSection1"> <ol> <li><span>Climate and litter quality drive litter decomposition, but there is currently little consensus on their relative importance, likely because studies differ in the duration, the climatic gradients, and variability in litter-trait values. Understanding these drivers is important because they determine the direct and indirect (via vegetation composition) effects of climate change on decomposition and thereby on carbon and nutrient cycling. </span></li> <li><span>We studied how microclimate (soil moisture and temperature) and litter traits interactively affect litter mass loss, by using a reciprocal litter translocation experiment along a large climatic gradient in Chile. We followed decomposition for two years and used 30 plant species with a wide spectrum of functional-trait values.</span></li> <li><span>Litter traits had a strong impact on litter decomposition across the gradient, while an increase in decomposition with soil moisture was observed only in the wettest climates. Overall, soil moisture increased considerably in importance, relative to trait effects, at later decomposition stages, from ca. 15% of the importance of traits after 3 and 6 months to ca. 110% after 24 months. Moreover, analyzing subsets of the 30 species showed that trait effects on litter decomposition gained in importance when including a greater variation in trait values.</span></li> <li><span><i>Synthesis.</i> The relative effects of litter traits and climate on decomposition depend on the ranges in climate and litter traits considered and change with time. Our study emphasizes the critical role of representative ranges in climate and functional trait values for understanding the drivers of litter decomposition and for improving predictions of climate-change effects on this important ecosystem process.</span></li> </ol> </div>
Oceanographic habitat location data to support range shift analyses for the manuscript: "Climate-driven range shifts are rapid yet variable among recreationally important coastal-pelagic fishes"
<p>This data file contains the latitudinal location of suitable oceanographic habitat for a suite of coastal-pelagic fishes off eastern Australia at monthly time-steps between 1998 and 2018. Please refer to the manuscript "Climate-driven range shifts are rapid yet variable among recreationally important coastal-pelagic fishes" for a full description of the methodologies applied to derive these data.</p>
Data from: Forest succession and climate variability interacted to control fire activity over the last four centuries in an Alaskan boreal landscape
Context: The boreal forest is globally important for its influence on Earth's energy balance, and its sensitivity to climate change. Ecosystem functioning in boreal forests is shaped by fire activity, so anticipating the impacts of climate change requires understanding the precedence for, and consequences of, climatically induced changes in fire regimes. Long-term records of climate, fire, and vegetation are critical for gaining this understanding. Objectives: We investigated the relative importance of climate and landscape flammability as drivers of fire activity in boreal forests by developing high-resolution records of fire history, and characterizing their centennial-scale relationships to temperature and vegetation dynamics. Methods: We reconstructed the timing of fire activity in interior Alaska, USA, using seven lake-sediment charcoal records spanning CE 1550–2015. We developed individual and composite records of fire activity, and used correlations and qualitative comparisons to assess relationships with existing records of vegetation and climate. Results: Our records document a dynamic relationship between climate and fire. Fire activity and temperature showed stronger coupling after ca. 1900 than in the preceding 350 yr. Biomass burning and temperatures increased concurrently during the second half of the twentieth century, to their highest point in the record. Fire activity followed pulses in black spruce establishment. Conclusions: Fire activity was facilitated by warm temperatures and landscape-scale dominance of highly flammable mature black spruce, with a notable increase in temperature and fire activity during the twenty-first century. The results suggest that widespread burning at landscape scales is controlled by a combination of climate and vegetation dynamics that together drive flammability.
Data from: Variable effects of climate on forest growth in relation to climate extremes, disturbance, and forest dynamics
Changes in the frequency, duration, and severity of climate extremes are forecast to occur under global climate change. The impacts of climate extremes on forest productivity and health remain difficult to predict due to potential interactions with disturbance events and forest dynamics—changes in forest stand composition, density, size and age structure over time. Such interactions may lead to non-linear forest growth responses to climate involving thresholds and lag effects. Understanding how forest dynamics influence growth responses to climate is particularly important given stand structure and composition can be modified through management to increase forest resistance and resilience to climate change. To inform such adaptive management, we develop a hierarchical Bayesian state space model in which climate effects on tree growth are allowed to vary over time and in relation to past climate extremes, disturbance events, and forest dynamics. The model is an important step toward integrating disturbance and forest dynamics into predictions of forest growth responses to climate extremes. We apply the model to a dendrochronology data set from forest stands of varying composition, structure, and development stage in northeastern Minnesota that have experienced extreme climate years and forest tent caterpillar defoliation events. Mean forest growth was most sensitive to water balance variables representing climatic water deficit. Forest growth responses to water deficit were partitioned into responses driven by climatic threshold exceedances and interactions with insect defoliation. Forest growth was both resistant and resilient to climate extremes with the majority of forest growth responses occurring after multiple climatic threshold exceedances across seasons and years. Interactions between climate and disturbance were observed in a subset of years with insect defoliation increasing forest growth sensitivity to water availability. Forest growth was particularly sensitive to climate extremes during periods of high stem density following major regeneration events when average inter-tree competition was high. Results suggest the resistance and resilience of forest growth to climate extremes can be increased through management steps such as thinning to reduce competition during early stages of stand development and small-group selection harvests to maintain forest structures characteristic of older, mature stands.
Data from: Climate variability predicts thermal limits of aquatic insects across elevation and latitude
Janzen's extension of the climate variability hypothesis posits that increased seasonal variation at high latitudes should result in greater temperature overlap across elevations, and favor wider thermal breadths in temperate organisms compared to their tropical counterparts. We tested these predictions by measuring stream temperatures and thermal breadths (i.e. the difference between the critical thermal maximum and minimum) of 62 aquatic insect species from temperate (Colorado, USA) and tropical (Papallacta, Ecuador) streams spanning an elevation gradient of ca. 2000m. Temperate streams exhibited greater seasonal temperature variation and overlap across elevations than tropical streams, and as predicted, temperate aquatic insects exhibited broader thermal breadths than tropical insects. However, elevation had contrasting effects on patterns of thermal breadth. In temperate species, thermal breadth decreased with increasing elevation because CTMAX declined with elevation while CTMIN was similar across elevations. In tropical insects, by contrast, CTMAX declined less sharply than CTMIN with elevation, causing thermal breadth to increase with elevation. These macrophysiological patterns are consistent with the narrower elevation ranges found in other tropical organisms, and they extend Janzen's climate variability hypothesis to freshwater streams. Furthermore, because lowland tropical aquatic insects have the narrowest thermal breadths of any region, they may be particularly vulnerable to short-term extreme changes in stream temperature.
Spin-up time and internal variability analysis for overlapping time slices in a regional climate model
<p>In order to increase computational efficiency, several long-term regional climate simulations were split into overlappings time slices. These overlappings slices were used to explore the relative role of spin-up time and internal variability in the discontinuities that are produced once the slices are joined.</p> <p>This dataset was generated using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model and includes two sets of time slices for the periods 2002-2006 and 2006-2010 over the CORDEX South American domain at 0.44º horizontal resolution (SAM-44), regular on a rotated latitude-longitude projection. The data was forced by the scenario RCP 8.5 and driven by the Canadian Earth System model (CanESM2). The model configuration files are also attached.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.