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opennotspecifiedDec 2014View details →

FIGURE 4. Female paratype NMK-L3240 in A new species of arboreal forest-dwelling gecko (Hemidactylus: Squamata: Gekkonidae) from coastal Kenya, East Africa

FIGURE 4. Female paratype NMK-L3240/1 of Hemidactylus mrimaensis sp. nov. in life in Kaya Mrima Forest.

opennotspecifiedDec 2014View details →

FIGURE 3 in A new species of arboreal forest-dwelling gecko (Hemidactylus: Squamata: Gekkonidae) from coastal Kenya, East Africa

FIGURE 3. Holotype (NMK-L3397) of Hemidactylus mrimaensis sp. nov.: (A) ventral view of right pes, (B) tail dorsum and (C) tail venter.

opennotspecifiedDec 2014View details →

FIGURE 1 in A new species of arboreal forest-dwelling gecko (Hemidactylus: Squamata: Gekkonidae) from coastal Kenya, East Africa

FIGURE 1. Map showing part of coastal Kenya including the collection sites for the Hemidactylus mrimaensis sp. nov. (Holotype locality: red square; other localities: red circles).

FIGURE 11 in The Eastern Arc Mountains and coastal forests of East Africa—an archive to understand large-scale biogeographical patterns: Pseudotomias, a new genus of African Pseudophyllinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae)

FIGURE 11. Distribution of Pseudotomias species in Tanzania. Square: P. kisarawe n. sp. Circle: P. usambaricus n. sp.

FIGURE 10 in The Eastern Arc Mountains and coastal forests of East Africa—an archive to understand large-scale biogeographical patterns: Pseudotomias, a new genus of African Pseudophyllinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae)

FIGURE 10. Morphological details of female Pseudotomias kisarawe n. sp. A. Lateral view on ovipositor B. Subgenital plate.

FIGURE 9 in The Eastern Arc Mountains and coastal forests of East Africa—an archive to understand large-scale biogeographical patterns: Pseudotomias, a new genus of African Pseudophyllinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae)

FIGURE 9. Morphological details of male Pseudotomias kisarawe n. sp. A. Pronotum and head B. Semilateral view on abdominal apex C. Subgenital plate.

FIGURE 5 in The Eastern Arc Mountains and coastal forests of East Africa—an archive to understand large-scale biogeographical patterns: Pseudotomias, a new genus of African Pseudophyllinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae)

FIGURE 5. Lateral view on ovipositor of Pseudotomias usambaricus n. sp. (A) and subgenital plate (B).

FIGURE 3 in The Eastern Arc Mountains and coastal forests of East Africa—an archive to understand large-scale biogeographical patterns: Pseudotomias, a new genus of African Pseudophyllinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae)

FIGURE 3. Morphological details of male Pseudotomias usambaricus n. sp. A. Upper part of face showing expanded area formed by face closing gap between scapi of antennae; the fastigium verticis just protrudes above. B. Dorsal view on abdominal apex with undifferentiated 9th and 10th abdominal tergites and stout incurved cerci. C. Lateral view on abdominal apex. D. Subgenital plate.

FIGURE 4. Pseudotomias usambaricus n in The Eastern Arc Mountains and coastal forests of East Africa—an archive to understand large-scale biogeographical patterns: Pseudotomias, a new genus of African Pseudophyllinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae)

FIGURE 4. Pseudotomias usambaricus n. sp. female. A. Resting posture with tegmina widely spread. B. Lateral view on head and pronotum.

FIGURE 1. Male Pseudotomias usambaricus n in The Eastern Arc Mountains and coastal forests of East Africa—an archive to understand large-scale biogeographical patterns: Pseudotomias, a new genus of African Pseudophyllinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae)

FIGURE 1. Male Pseudotomias usambaricus n. sp. caught in the Nilo forest reserve, East Usambara Mountains.

opencc-zeroNov 2023View details →

Coastal dry tropical forests in Florida and the Caribbean in peril: A review

Coastal dry tropical forests (CDTFs) are important yet vulnerable ecosystems. In this paper, we highlight the special conservation issues facing CDTFs by focusing on one variant of the type, those that occupy limestone substrate in the northeastern Caribbean. Our analysis draws largely from the coastal terrestrial broadleaf forests of the northern Bahamas, the Florida Keys, and southwestern Puerto Rico. Based on surveys of storm surges recorded during major hurricanes during the last 50 years, we define CDTFs as coastal terrestrial broadleaf forests on ground surfaces elevated up to 5 m above sea level and occurring within 5 km of the coast. These forests are not only threatened by land-use change from urbanization but also climate-driven sea level rise (SLR) and hurricanes, which have degraded them and reduced their extent. CDTFs are distinguished from other dry tropical forests by the occasional influence of marine water incursion during periodic storms, requiring species common to these forests to have some level of salt tolerance despite experiencing well-drained, freshwater conditions during most of their life span. With precipitation being the sole freshwater source for most coastal dry tropical forests, SLR and the resulting salinization in the rooting zone subject these forests to increasingly stressful conditions. Hence, even a modest rise in sea level can push numerous imperiled and endangered species and coastal terrestrial broadleaf communities to the edge of their tolerance, causing a decline in extent or their complete disappearance. Outside of protected areas, rapid urbanization has fragmented these forests and reduced their extent, which in turn has modified the interaction between rising seas and forest function. This work emphasizes the need for refined risk assessments to be completed and for conservation measures to be enforced so that resources can be directed appropriately to prevent further loss of coastal dry tropical forests.

opennotspecifiedJan 2009View details →

Subspecies and Distribution. B. c. crassicauda Peters, 1852 — DR Congo, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. B. c. nigrescens Sale & Taylor, 1970 — Kenya (Lukenya Hill). B. c. omnivora Heller, 1913 — coastal forests of Kenya and extreme NE Tanzania. B. c. puisa Peters, 1852 — NE Mozambique and E Tanzania. B. c. tenuis Thomas & Wroughton, 1908 — Tanzania (Zanzibar I). A few recent records from Yemen, but these need confirmation. in Herpestidae

Subspecies and Distribution. B. c. crassicauda Peters, 1852 — DR Congo, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. B. c. nigrescens Sale & Taylor, 1970 — Kenya (Lukenya Hill). B. c. omnivora Heller, 1913 — coastal forests of Kenya and extreme NE Tanzania. B. c. puisa Peters, 1852 — NE Mozambique and E Tanzania. B. c. tenuis Thomas & Wroughton, 1908 — Tanzania (Zanzibar I). A few recent records from Yemen, but these need confirmation.

opennotspecifiedMar 2013View details →

Subspecies and Distribution. A. g. geoffroyi Kuhl, 1820 — S & SE Nicaragua (coastal region around San Juan del Norte or Martina Bay, probably ranging across the lowlands to the vicinity of Lake Managua and Lake Nicaragua on the Pacific coast); possibly in N Costa Rica. A. g. azuerensis Bole, 1937 — SC Panama, known only from the forested mountains of the W side of the Azuero Peninsula (Veraguas Province) in the vicinity of Ponuga, where it appears to be isolated; it may also occur to the W along the Pacific coastto the Burica Peninsula, near the Panamanian and Costa Rican border. A. g. frontatus Gray, 1842 — N & W Nicaragua and NW Costa Rica. A. g. grisescens Gray, 1866 — S Panama along the Pacific coast in the valley of the Rio Tuyra and SE through the Serrania del Sapo of extreme SE Panama into the Cordillera de Baudo of NW Colombia. A. g. ornatus Gray, 1871 — C & E Costa Rica, and Panama (from Chiriqui Province to the Serrania de San Blas E of the Canal Zone). A. g. vellerosus Gray, 1866 — E & SE Mexico (E San Luis Potosi, Veracruz, Tabasco, E Oaxaca, and Chiapas states), Guatemala (including the highlands), El Salvador, and Honduras (along the N coastto the lowlands of La Mosquitia in Gracias a Dios Department). A. g. yucatanensis Kellogg & Goldman, 1944 — SE Mexico (forests of the Yucatan Peninsula), NE Guatemala, and adjoining parts of Belize; intergrading in S Mexico (Campeche State) and Guatemala with vellerosus. in Atelidae

Subspecies and Distribution. A. g. geoffroyi Kuhl, 1820 — S & SE Nicaragua (coastal region around San Juan del Norte or Martina Bay, probably ranging across the lowlands to the vicinity of Lake Managua and Lake Nicaragua on the Pacific coast); possibly in N Costa Rica. A. g. azuerensis Bole, 1937 — SC Panama, known only from the forested mountains of the W side of the Azuero Peninsula (Veraguas Province) in the vicinity of Ponuga, where it appears to be isolated; it may also occur to the W along the Pacific coastto the Burica Peninsula, near the Panamanian and Costa Rican border. A. g. frontatus Gray, 1842 — N & W Nicaragua and NW Costa Rica. A. g. grisescens Gray, 1866 — S Panama along the Pacific coast in the valley of the Rio Tuyra and SE through the Serrania del Sapo of extreme SE Panama into the Cordillera de Baudo of NW Colombia. A. g. ornatus Gray, 1871 — C & E Costa Rica, and Panama (from Chiriqui Province to the Serrania de San Blas E of the Canal Zone). A. g. vellerosus Gray, 1866 — E & SE Mexico (E San Luis Potosi, Veracruz, Tabasco, E Oaxaca, and Chiapas states), Guatemala (including the highlands), El Salvador, and Honduras (along the N coastto the lowlands of La Mosquitia in Gracias a Dios Department). A. g. yucatanensis Kellogg & Goldman, 1944 — SE Mexico (forests of the Yucatan Peninsula), NE Guatemala, and adjoining parts of Belize; intergrading in S Mexico (Campeche State) and Guatemala with vellerosus.

opennotspecifiedJan 2009View details →

Distribution. Endemic to Chile, with a disjunct distribution in the forests of Chiloé Island, and on the mainland coastal mountains in Nahuelbuta National Park. Evidence of a new population was foud recently at Punta Chan Chan, N of Valdivia. in Canidae

Distribution. Endemic to Chile, with a disjunct distribution in the forests of Chiloé Island, and on the mainland coastal mountains in Nahuelbuta National Park. Evidence of a new population was foud recently at Punta Chan Chan, N of Valdivia.

opennotspecifiedOct 2019View details →

Distribution. Restricted to E Tanzania, where it has only been recorded from Morogoro and Genda Genda and Tong' omba coastal forests. in Vespertilionidae

Distribution. Restricted to E Tanzania, where it has only been recorded from Morogoro and Genda Genda and Tong' omba coastal forests.

opencc-zeroMay 2022View details →

Location and condition of gorgonian forests in Italian coastal waters

Gorgonian forests are among the most complex of subtidal habitats in the Mediterranean Sea, supporting high biodiversity and providing diverse ecosystem services. Despite their iconic status, the geographical distribution and condition of gorgonian species is poorly known. Using multiple online data types our primary aims were to compile, map and analyse observations of gorgonian forests in Italian coastal waters to assess the biological complexity of gorgonian forests; evaluate impacts and vulnerable species, and identify areas of special interest inside and outside of existing MPAs to help prioritise conservation strategies and actions. Location: Italy. Mediterranean Sea. Methods: Using a multi-source data integration approach we collected and integrated data from scientific publications, online databases, citizen science projects, SCUBA diver questionnaires and social media into a unified spatial framework providing up-to-date information on the geographical distribution, abundance, and health of major habitat-forming gorgonian species in Italian coastal waters. Results: Higher abundance and complexity of gorgonian species occurred outside MPAs. Areas of Special Interest (n=167) were identified (80 inside and 87 outside MPAs). Three locations supported all seven focal species: Capo Caccia MPA, Portofino MPA and Catania (unprotected). The purple gorgonian (Paramuricea clavata), the most abundant and geographically widespread species with highest forest complexity, also experienced the highest impact, possibly linked to thermal stress events, disease and fishing. Main conclusions: The multi-source approach was a rapid and cost-effective tool to gather, analyse and map disparate data on gorgonian forests spanning 27 years of underwater observations both inside and outside of marine protected areas (MPAs). The unique perspective given by this approach demonstrates the suboptimal protection of several habitat-forming gorgonian species. The approach has great potential for wider application and offers a more inclusive participatory model for crowdsourcing and repurposing underutilised observations while also increasing ocean literacy.

opencc-zeroMay 2022View details →

Data from: Identifying conservation priorities for gorgonian forests in Italian coastal waters with multiple methods including citizen science and social media content analysis

<div> <div> <div> <div> Gorgonian forests are among the most complex of subtidal habitats in the Mediterranean Sea, supporting high biodiversity and providing diverse ecosystem services. Despite their iconic status, the geographical distribution and condition of gorgonian species is poorly known. Using multiple online data sources, our primary aims were to compile, map and analyse observations of gorgonian forests in Italian coastal waters to assess the biological complexity of gorgonian forests; evaluate impacts and vulnerable species, and identify areas of special interest inside and outside of existing MPAs to help prioritise conservation strategies and actions. </div> </div> </div> </div>

opennotspecifiedOct 2019View details →

Distribution. Widely distributed in tropical forest belt of Africa extending from Senegal in W to E DR Congo in the FE; there is a separate population restricted to coastal Kenya, Tanzania (including Pemba and Unguja Is in Zanzibar Archipelago), and NE Mozambique, with scattered records from Zambia, S Malawi, N Zimbabwe, and WC Mozambique. in Nycteridae

Distribution. Widely distributed in tropical forest belt of Africa extending from Senegal in W to E DR Congo in the FE; there is a separate population restricted to coastal Kenya, Tanzania (including Pemba and Unguja Is in Zanzibar Archipelago), and NE Mozambique, with scattered records from Zambia, S Malawi, N Zimbabwe, and WC Mozambique.

opennotspecifiedJul 2018View details →

Distribution. Discontinuous range in Coastal Atlantic Forests of E Brazil, from Sergipe and E Bahia S to S Espirito Santo, N Rio de Janeiro, and E Minas Geraisstates. in Bradypodidae

Distribution. Discontinuous range in Coastal Atlantic Forests of E Brazil, from Sergipe and E Bahia S to S Espirito Santo, N Rio de Janeiro, and E Minas Geraisstates.