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FIGURE 4 in A new species of poison-dart frog (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from Manu province, Amazon region of southeastern Peru, with notes on its natural history, bioacoustics, phylogenetics, and recommended conservation status
FIGURE 4. Box plots representing the median (black horizontal line), interquartile range (box), range (whiskers) and outside values (circles) of call parameters comparison among Ameerega shihuemoy, A. boliviana, A. hahneli, A. picta, A. simulans and A. yungicola where: a) note duration (ms), b) calling rate, c) fundamental frequency (Hz) and d) dominant frequency (Hz).
FIGURE 3 in A new species of poison-dart frog (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from Manu province, Amazon region of southeastern Peru, with notes on its natural history, bioacoustics, phylogenetics, and recommended conservation status
FIGURE 3. Color patterns of Ameerega shihuemoy from tadpole to adult MUSM 31692. Photos by Marcus Brent-Smith.
FIGURE 1. A in A new species of poison-dart frog (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from Manu province, Amazon region of southeastern Peru, with notes on its natural history, bioacoustics, phylogenetics, and recommended conservation status
FIGURE 1. A, dorsal, and B, ventral view of the body; C, lateral view of head; D, and tympanum under skin; E, mouth showing choanae details; F, ventral view of the hand; G, and foot, of the adult female holotype MHNC 15488 (SVL = 25.7 mm) of Ameerega shihuemoy sp. nov. Scale on every picture. Photos by J.C. Chaparro.
FIGURE 7 in A new species of poison-dart frog (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from Manu province, Amazon region of southeastern Peru, with notes on its natural history, bioacoustics, phylogenetics, and recommended conservation status
FIGURE 7. Maximum Likelihood (ML) phylogeny of Ameerega based on 16S ribosomal RNA gene. Numbers above nodes are bootstrap values.
FIGURE 8 in A new species of poison-dart frog (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from Manu province, Amazon region of southeastern Peru, with notes on its natural history, bioacoustics, phylogenetics, and recommended conservation status
FIGURE 8. Habitat at Manu Learning Centre, Manu, Madre de Dios, Peru, where several individuals of Ameerega shihuemoy were observed calling on July 2015. Photos by Katie Lin.
FIGURE 10. A–C in A new species of Pleurothallis (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) in subsection Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae found in Carpish Montane Forest Regional Conservation Area, Peru
FIGURE 10. A–C. Flowers of Pleurothallis rhopalocarpa Schltr. D. P. carpishensis Ocupa, M.M.Jiménez & Mark Wilson illustrating absence of glenion. Photos by A. Kay † (A), F. Lopez-Machado (B), J. Varigos (C), and L. Ocupa-Horna (D).
FIGURE 9 in A new species of Pleurothallis (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) in subsection Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae found in Carpish Montane Forest Regional Conservation Area, Peru
FIGURE 9. Comparison of morphologically similar species. A–B. P. carpishensis Ocupa, M.M.Jiménez & Mark Wilson. C–D. Pleurothallis crucifera Luer & Hirtz. Photos by L. Ocupa-Horna (A–B), H. Rice (C–D).
FIGURE 8. A in A new species of Pleurothallis (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) in subsection Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae found in Carpish Montane Forest Regional Conservation Area, Peru
FIGURE 8. A. Leaf narrowly ovate, with overlapping basal lobes and detail of the concavity (red arrow). B. Ovate leaf, with nonoverlapping basal lobes. C. Leaf, abaxial view and detail of the apex of the ramicaul. D. Detail of the flower above the concavity. Prepared by L. Ocupa-Horna.
FIGURE 7 in A new species of Pleurothallis (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) in subsection Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae found in Carpish Montane Forest Regional Conservation Area, Peru
FIGURE 7. Comparison of a morphologically similar species. A–C. Pleurothallis radula. D–F. P. carpishensis. Photos by P. Aratoun (A), R. Parsons (B–C), L. Ocupa-Horna (D–F).
FIGURE 2 in A new species of Pleurothallis (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) in subsection Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae found in Carpish Montane Forest Regional Conservation Area, Peru
FIGURE 2. Illustration of Pleurothallis carpishensis Ocupa, M.M.Jiménez & Mark Wilson. A. Habit. B. Flower. C. Dissected perianth. D. Lip, column and ovary, lateral view. E. Column. F. Lip, adaxial view. G. Anther cap and pollinarium. Illustrated by S. Moreno from the holotype.
FIGURE 6 in A new species of Pleurothallis (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) in subsection Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae found in Carpish Montane Forest Regional Conservation Area, Peru
FIGURE 6. Habitat of Pleurothallis carpishensis Ocupa, M.M.Jiménez & Mark Wilson impacted by deforestation and tree burning. Photo by L. Ocupa-Horna.
FIGURE 1 in A new species of Pleurothallis (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) in subsection Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae found in Carpish Montane Forest Regional Conservation Area, Peru
FIGURE 1. Panoramic view of Carpish Montane Forest Regional Conservation Area. Photo by Michel Cotrina.
FIGURE 5 in A new species of Pleurothallis (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) in subsection Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae found in Carpish Montane Forest Regional Conservation Area, Peru
FIGURE 5. Habitat of Pleurothallis carpishensis Ocupa, M.M.Jiménez & Mark Wilson. A. Close-up to tree canopy branches. B. P. carpishensis growing in situ. Photos by L. Ocupa-Horna.
FIGURE 4 in A new species of Pleurothallis (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) in subsection Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae found in Carpish Montane Forest Regional Conservation Area, Peru
FIGURE 4. Location map of Pleurothallis carpishensis Ocupa, M.M.Jiménez & Mark Wilson in the Carpish Montane Forest Regional Conservation Area. Prepared by L. Ocupa-Horna.
FIGURE 3 in A new species of Pleurothallis (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) in subsection Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae found in Carpish Montane Forest Regional Conservation Area, Peru
FIGURE 3. Composite plate of Pleurothallis carpishensis Ocupa, M.M.Jiménez & Mark Wilson. A. Plant. B. Flower. C. Dissected perianth. D. Lip, column and ovary, lateral view. E. Column. F. Lip, adaxial (right) and abaxial (left) views. G. Anther cap and pollinarium. Prepared by L. Ocupa-Horna.
FIGURE. Variable positions in the ITS2 secondary structure of some Coelastrella sensu lato species. The ITS2 model of Coelastrella striolata strain CAUP H 3602 (JX513881) was used to map sequence differences. Variable positions of analyzed strains (GenBank numbers can be found in Table 3, 4 are given next to the main structure and are marked in bold. Hemi- Compensatory Base Changes in conservative regions are circled and Compensatory Base Change is contoured. Sequences of strains with GenBank numbers JX513879 (C. aeroterrestrica), JX513882 (C. terrestris), JX513884 (C. rubescens), MH176120 (C. rubescens var. oocystiformis), JX513880 (C. multistriata), JX513887 (C. oocystiformis) were used as representatives of Coelastrella species. The strains analyzed in this study are underlined. in Morphological and phylogenetic relations of members of the genus Coelastrella (Scenedesmaceae, Chlorophyta) from the Ural and Khentii Mountains (Russia, Mongolia)
FIGURE. Variable positions in the ITS2 secondary structure of some Coelastrella sensu lato species. The ITS2 model of Coelastrella striolata strain CAUP H 3602 (JX513881) was used to map sequence differences. Variable positions of analyzed strains (GenBank numbers can be found in Table 3, 4 are given next to the main structure and are marked in bold. Hemi- Compensatory Base Changes in conservative regions are circled and Compensatory Base Change is contoured. Sequences of strains with GenBank numbers JX513879 (C. aeroterrestrica), JX513882 (C. terrestris), JX513884 (C. rubescens), MH176120 (C. rubescens var. oocystiformis), JX513880 (C. multistriata), JX513887 (C. oocystiformis) were used as representatives of Coelastrella species. The strains analyzed in this study are underlined.
FIGURE 1 in Description of three new Boulenophrys species from eastern Guangdong, China, emphasizing the urgency of ecological conservation in this region (Anura, Megophryidae)
FIGURE 1. Map showing the known distribution sites of Boulenophrys species in eastern Guangdong, China.
FIGURE 4 in Description of three new Boulenophrys species from eastern Guangdong, China, emphasizing the urgency of ecological conservation in this region (Anura, Megophryidae)
FIGURE 4. The paratypes of Boulenophrys puningensis sp. nov. in life. A–B: male paratype, SYS a007649; C–D: female paratype, SYS a007647; E–F: female paratype, SYS a007648.
FIGURE 2 in Description of three new Boulenophrys species from eastern Guangdong, China, emphasizing the urgency of ecological conservation in this region (Anura, Megophryidae)
FIGURE 2. ML tree based on the partial DNA sequences of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA and COI genes, with Bootstrap Support (BS) / Posterior Probabilities (PP) at nodes. '-' means BS <70 or PP <90.
Data from: Tree species with conservative foliar nutrient status and strong phosphorus homeostasis are regionally abundant in subtropical forests
<p><span>Foliar </span><span>nitrogen (N) or phosphorus <em>(P)</em> </span><span>status and their </span><span>stoichiometric homeostasis </span><span>are integral parts of the plant nutrient economy </span><span>that determines the success of plant species</span><span> in environments where N or P limits plant growth. </span><span>Despite growing evidence </span><span>for higher predictability of </span><span>stoichiometric </span><span>homeostasis </span><span>of N</span><span> (</span><em><span>H</span></em><sub><span>N</span></sub><span>) than that of P (</span><em><span>H</span></em><sub><span>P</span></sub><span>) on plant species abundance</span><span> in temperate grasslands</span><span>, no previous studies e</span><span>xplicitly examined how foliar N and P status modulate the relationships between </span><span>stoichiometric </span><span>homeostasis and</span><span> species distribution (regional species abundance)</span><span> of woody plants, especially in P-limited (sub)-tropical ecosystems. W</span><span>e hypothesized that species with a conservative foliar nutrient status but a higher </span><em><span>H</span></em><sub><span>P</span></sub><span> (but not</span><span> <em>H</em><sub>N</sub></span><span>) would be regional abundant in </span><span>P-limited</span><span> forest.</span></p> <p><span>We measured foliar N (LNC) and P (LPC) contents of 54 woody species, community composition and soil N and P </span><span>contents across</span><span> 94 forest plots in Chinese subtropical forests. Then we evaluated the species' levels of N and P </span><span>stoichiometric homeostasis</span><span> and their regional abundance to test our hypotheses.</span></p> <p><span><em><span>H</span></em><sub><span>N</span></sub><span> and <em>H</em><sub>P</sub> significantly increased with decreasing LNC and LPC. Foliar nutrient status positively correlated </span><span>with the minimum values of both soil N and P contents, but only negatively associated with the maximum value </span><span>of soil P content, </span><span>indicating that conservative species can occupy a wider range of soil P- than N-based nutrient niche.</span><span> Meanwhile, species abundance negatively correlated with LNC and LPC, and positively correlated with <em><span>H</span></em><sub><span>N</span></sub><span> and <em>H</em><sub>P</sub></span>. However, the structure equation model analysis showed that species abundance increased with decline of LNC but not yet with increased HN. In contrast, species abundance enhanced with increased <span><em>H</em><sub>P</sub> </span>and decreased LPC via <em><span>H</span></em><sub><span>N</span></sub>, rather than directly with a decline of LPC.</span></span></p> <p><span><strong>Synthesis</strong>.</span><span> This study provides empirical evidence that species with conservative foliar nutrient status are more stable in terms of N and P stoichiometric homeostasis, and foliar N and P economy modulate species abundance distribution in different ways. Our results suggest that maintaining strong stoichiometric homeostasis of leaf P, while maintaining conservative economy of N, is a key physiochemical mechanism for shaping species abundance distribution in P-limited forests.</span></p>
ScienceDex guides
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.