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72 results for “Falco”
Data from: New insights into the phylogenetics and population structure of the prairie falcon (Falco mexicanus)
Background: Management requires a robust understanding of between- and within-species genetic variability, however such data are still lacking in many species. For example, although multiple population genetics studies of the peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) have been conducted, no similar studies have been done of the closely-related prairie falcon (F. mexicanus) and it is unclear how much genetic variation and population structure exists across the species' range. Furthermore, the phylogenetic relationship of F. mexicanus relative to other falcon species is contested. We utilized a genomics approach (i.e., genome sequencing and assembly followed by single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping) to rapidly address these gaps in knowledge. Results: We sequenced the genome of a single female prairie falcon and generated a 1.17 Gb (gigabases) draft genome assembly. We generated maximum likelihood phylogenetic trees using complete mitochondrial genomes as well as nuclear protein-coding genes. This process provided evidence that F. mexicanus is an outgroup to the clade that includes the peregrine falcon and members of the subgenus Hierofalco. We annotated > 16,000 genes and almost 600,000 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the nuclear genome, providing the raw material for a SNP assay design featuring > 140 gene-associated markers and a molecular-sexing marker. We subsequently genotyped ~ 100 individuals from California (including the San Francisco East Bay Area, Pinnacles National Park and the Mojave Desert) and Idaho (Snake River Birds of Prey National Conservation Area). We tested for population structure and found evidence that individuals sampled in California and Idaho represent a single panmictic population. Conclusions: Our study illustrates how genomic resources can rapidly shed light on genetic variability in understudied species and resolve phylogenetic relationships. Furthermore, we found evidence of a single, randomly mating population of prairie falcons across our sampling locations. Prairie falcons are highly mobile and relatively rare long-distance dispersal events may promote gene flow throughout the range. As such, California's prairie falcons might be managed as a single population, indicating that management actions undertaken to benefit the species at the local level have the potential to influence the species as a whole.
Fig. 2 in Dipteran Assemblages In Red-Footed Falcon (Falco Vespertinus) Nest Boxes
Fig. 2. Phenology of emergence of Carnus hemapterus imagoes from three years old accumulated nest material (collected in 2009), grouped by the last breeding bird species (n =
Data from: New insights into the phylogenetics and population structure of the prairie falcon (Falco mexicanus)
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Data from: The American Kestrel (Falco sparverius) genoscape: implications for monitoring, management, and subspecies boundaries
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Feather mercury increases with feeding at higher trophic levels in two species of migrant raptors, Merlin (Falco columbarius) and Sharp-shinned Hawk (Accipiter striatus)
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Figure 1 in The diet of the Eleonora's falcon (Falco eleonorae) in the Aegean archipelago (Greece)
Figure 1. Map of the study area and sampling sites on Eleonora's falcon colony-islets: 1–4 (north), 5–8 (central) and 9–16 (south).
Figure 3 in The diet of the Eleonora's falcon (Falco eleonorae) in the Aegean archipelago (Greece)
Figure 3. Temporal variation in the (a) insect and (b) bird diet of the Eleonora's falcon during the breeding season in the Aegean archipelago.
Figure 2 in The diet of the Eleonora's falcon (Falco eleonorae) in the Aegean archipelago (Greece)
Figure 2. Expected (shaded area of average species Accumulation Curve and standard deviation) and observed (boxplots with mean and confidence intervals) avian prey species richness of the Eleonora's falcon based on the number of the colonies sampled (n = 16).
Falco columbarius SPAdes preassembly
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Falco fasciinucha SPAdes preassembly
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Falco cenchroides decontaminated gx
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Data from: Relative contributions of fixed and dynamic heterogeneity to variation in lifetime reproductive success in kestrels (Falco tinnunculus)
<p>These data contain information about the survival and reproduction of Common kestrels in the Haarlemmermeer, The Netherlands. This dataset was used by Broekman et al. (2020) to fit a capture-mark-recapture multistate model, which was subsequently used to analyse relative contributions of fixed and dynamic heterogeneity to variation in lifetime reproductive success.</p> <p>The Common Kestrel (<em>Falco tinnunculus</em>) is a small raptor that is widespread in Europe and is the most common bird of prey in the Netherlands. It is a short-lived species and can start breeding in their second calendar year (Village 1990). We studied a kestrel population in the Haarlemmermeer (185 km<sup>2</sup>), which contains Amsterdam Schiphol Airport. This area has on average 56 breeding pairs per year (varying between 36 and 73 breeding pairs per year, see table S1 in Broekman et al. 2020), with clutch sizes ranging from 1 to 8 eggs. The Life-time Reproductive Success (LRS) in this population ranges between 0-42 for females and 0-38 for males, with the majority of the offspring produced by a small fraction of the population (4% of the kestrels produce around 30% of the offspring). </p> <p>Data on this population were collected by Bert Jan Bol between 1993-2015 and entailed capturing and individually marking of birds, as well as observing the success of all nests (mainly in nest boxes) in the study area (Bol 1997). In addition, breeding biology data were gathered, which included, among others, the location, the number of fledglings and the identity and age of the parents. The identity of the mother was known for 81% of the nests and the identity of the father was known for 29% of the nests (N = 1194). Furthermore, in a previous study on this population we determined the amount of extra-pair paternities in 109 different nests from 2011-2014, including years with both low and high prey abundance and did not find any extra-pair paternities (Broekman 2016). We can therefore assume that the identified father of a nest is the father off all offspring from that nest.</p> <p> </p> <p>Description of each of the variables in the dataset:</p> <p><strong>ID</strong></p> <p>Unique ID of the individual</p> <p><strong>sex</strong></p> <p>Male or Female. The sex of some individuals is unknown because it is difficult to determine the sex of young individuals</p> <p><strong>age</strong></p> <p>Age of the individual. Individuals are 0 years old when they are captured in the year they were born or when they are captured in the first three months of the following year (the same applies to 1, 2, 3 years old individuals, etc.). It is therefore possible that age and year do not increase in concert along the observations on an individual. Some individuals have an unknown age, but it is at least known they are older than 1 year. The age of these individuals is >1 (or >2 if its age was >1 the previous year) </p> <p><strong>year</strong></p> <p>Year in which the individual was captured, found dead, or identified (retrospectively) as the father through DNA analysis of offspring</p> <p><strong>nOffspring</strong></p> <p>Number of fledglings an individual produced. If it is NA the individual was not found breeding, which could either mean the individual was not breeding or it was breeding but has not been detected while breeding</p> <p><strong>closeToSchiphol</strong></p> <p>Indicates whether the individual was captured within 3 km from the closest runway from Schiphol (= Yes) or further away (= No) </p> <p><strong>insideHaarlemmermeer</strong></p> <p>Indicates whether the individual was captured within the Haarlemmermeerpolder, the study area (= Yes) or outside the Haarlemmermeerpolder (= No). Some individuals are captured both inside or outside the Haarlemmermeerpolder in the same year. In these cases, both observations of the individuals are retained in the dataset, indicating that the individual migrated into or away from the study area</p> <p><strong>dead</strong></p> <p>Indicates whether the individual was captured alive (= No) or found dead (Yes)</p> <p> </p>
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