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2,817 results for “Fats”
Results "Anti-obesity effects of individual or combination treatment with Spirulina platensis and green coffee bean aqueous extracts in high-fat diet-induced obese rats"
<p><strong>Background</strong>: Obesity, a chronic disease, is associated with serious health risks, including premature mortality. This study aimed to investigate the anti-obesity effects of individual or combination treatment with <em>Spirulina platensis</em> and green coffee bean aqueous extracts in high-fat diet-induced (HFD) obese rats.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong>: Rats were fed on HFD to induce obesity. Corn oil in the HFD accounted for 50.98 % of the calories. Fifty rats were divided into the following five groups (10 rats/group): control, HFD, HFD-<em>Spirulina</em>, HFD-coffee, HFD-<em>Spirulina</em> and coffee co-treatment groups. The serum levels of lipid, leptin, and insulin, as well as the hepatic mRNA levels of fatty acid synthase (FAS), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α), and peroxisome proliferator-activated alpha receptor (PPARα) were estimated.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: The <em>Spirulina</em> and/or green coffee bean aqueous extracts decreased the final bodyweight and liver weight, and the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase. Additionally, the extracts decreased the serum levels of total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, leptin, and glucose, and enhanced the serum insulin level. Furthermore, the extracts enhanced the PGC-1α and PPARα mRNA levels and decreased the FAS mRNA levels.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: The individual or combination treatment with <em>Spirulina</em> and green coffee bean extracts decreased obesity-induced hyperlipidemia. Thus, <em>Spirulina platensis</em> and green coffee can be potentially used to treat obesity.</p>
Data for: Free-Breathing Water, Fat, R2∗ and B0 Field Mapping of the Liver Using Multi-Echo Radial FLASH and Regularized Model-based Reconstruction (MERLOT)
<p>Data for our manuscript with title "Free-Breathing Water, Fat, R2∗ and B0 Field Mapping of the Liver Using Multi-Echo Radial FLASH and Regularized Model-based Reconstruction (MERLOT)"</p>
The Fat Pigeon Statue
**Fat Pigeon Statue (Beside UOB Plaza)** <br><br> Google Maps Location: <br> https://goo.gl/maps/qCpaPZa9Do1L9smy5 <br><br> 📍 [Singapore, Singapore](https://scaniver.se/L1.28580,103.85078) Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Supporting data: The role of sex and body weight on the metabolic effects of high fat diet in C57BL/6N mice.
<p>Authors: Camilla Ingvorsen*, Natasha A. Karp*, Christopher J. Lelliott</p> <p>* These authors contributed equally to this work</p> <p>This directory contains the raw data, R scripts and output files used to generate the figures and results presented in the manuscript "The role of sex and body weight in metabolic effects of high fat diet on C57BL/6N mice."</p>
Data from: anterior pituitary transcriptomics following a high fat diet: impact of oxidative stress on cell metabolism
<p>Anterior pituitary cells are highly active with regards to protein synthesis and secretion, processes which depend heavily on mitochondrial ATP production and functional endoplasmic reticula. It is well known that obesity adds an allostatic overload to tissues, requiring them to adapt to inflammation and oxidative stress. Therefore, we hypothesized that the pituitary is highly vulnerable to the stress of high fat diet-induced weight gain. In this study, we utilized a 10-15 week high fat diet (HFD, 60%) plus a thermoneutral housing paradigm, testing both male and female FVB.129P mice. We quantified serum hormones and cytokines, characterized the metabolic phenotype, and defined changes in the pituitary transcriptome using single-cell RNA-seq. Weight gain was significant by 3 weeks in HFD mice, and by 10 weeks all HFD groups had gained 20 g. HFD females (15 weeks) had increased energy expenditure and decreased activity. All HFD groups showed increases in serum leptin, Il-6, resistin, MCP-1, and TNFα. HFD males had increased insulin; both HFD males and females had increased TSH, and HFD females had decreased serum prolactin and growth hormone (GH) pulse amplitude. Pituitary scRNA-seq revealed modest or no changes in pituitary cell gene expression in the different cell types from HFD males after 10 or 15 weeks or HFD females after 10 weeks. However, females exposed to a HFD for 15 weeks showed significant numbers of differentially expressed genes in lactotropes and stem cells. Pathway analyses identified a reduction in pathways that supported protein translation, ribosome biogenesis, and oxidative phosphorylation, indicating mitochondrial dysfunction. Collectively, these studies reveal that pituitary cells from males are more resilient to the oxidative stress of obesity than females and identify the most vulnerable pituitary cell populations in females.</p>
Data for "Freeze-tolerant crickets fortify their actin cytoskeleton in fat body tissue"
<p>These data files and code are associated with the scientific article <br>"Freeze-tolerant crickets fortify their actin cytoskeleton in fat body tissue."<br>This material is under the same copyright protections as the article itself.</p> <p>Please see the README.txt file for more information.</p>
Re-charging your fats: Charmm36 parameters for neutral lipids triacylglycerol and diacylglycerol
<p>Dataset containing files required to run the simulations and reproduce the Figures appearing in "Re-charging your fats: Charmm36 parameters for neutral lipids triacylglycerol and diacylglycerol"</p>
Astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis prevents high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and oxidative stress in mice by gut-liver axis modulating properties
<p><strong><span>Scope:</span></strong><span> Evidence is mounting that astaxanthin (ATX), a xanthophyll carotenoid, used as a nutritional supplement to prevent chronic metabolic diseases. The present study aims to identify the potential function of ATX supplementation in preventing steatohepatitis and hepatic oxidative stress in diet-induced obese mice.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Methods and Results:</span></strong><span> In this study, ATX as dose of 0.25%, 0.5% and 0.75% have orally administered to mice along with a high-fat diet (HFD) to investigate the role of ATX in regulating liver lipid metabolism and gut microbiota. The study showed that ATX dose-dependently reduces body weight, lipid droplet formation, hepatic triglycerides and ameliorated hepatic steatosis and oxidative stress. 0.75% ATX altered the levels of 34 lipid metabolites related to hepatic cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism which might be associated with downregulation of lipogenesis-related genes and upregulation of bile acid biosynthesis-related genes. The result also revealed that ATX alleviates HFD-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis by significantly inhibiting the growth of obesity-related <em>Parabacteroides</em> and <em>Desulfovibrio</em> while promoting the growth of <em>Allobaculum</em> and <em>Akkermansia</em>. </span></p> <p><span><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The study results suggested that dietary ATX may prevent the development of hepatic steatosis and oxidative stress with the risk of metabolic disease by gut-liver axis modulating properties.</span></p>
High total water loss driven by low-fat diet in desert-adapted mice
<p>All raw data (Expedata files) and processed machine-readable csv files</p> <p>Availability of essential resources is one of the most important drivers of survival and to persist in changing environments, animals must either relocate or adapt in place. Testing an animal's ability to respond to alternative conditions can reveal differences in physiological responses. We used flow-through respirometry to characterize metabolic phenotypes of the desert-adapted cactus mouse (Peromyscus eremicus) under diurnally variable environmental conditions that mimic the Sonoran Desert and treated mice with two different diets: a standard diet and a low-fat diet. We found significant diet-specific differences in the rate of water loss and serum electrolyte values. Mice fed the low-fat diet lost more water relative to those eating the standard diet and patterns of de novo lipogenesis is not limited by dietary composition. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that diet contributes to water homeostasis. Compared to other desert animals, rodents have limited capacity to dissipate heat using evaporative cooling, limiting thermoregulatory performance at higher temperatures. We predict that a mismatch in physiological requirements, the availability of different food types, and environmental conditions, could significantly impact P. eremicus survival.</p>
Feeding foliar nano-selenium biofortified Panax notoginseng could reduce the occurrence of glycolipid metabolism disorder in mice caused by high-fat diets
<p><span>Nano-selenium (nano-Se) has been extensively explored as a biostimulant for improving the quality of grain crops. However, there are few reports about the effect on the medicinal components of Chinese herbal medicine cultured with nano-Se. Here, we sprayed nano-Se during the cultivation of </span><span><em>Panax notoginseng</em> (SePN), and measured the changes of medicinal components compared with conventional <em>Panax notoginseng</em> (PN). Furthermore, we identified a more pronounced effect of SePN on reducing obesity in animals compared with PN. By measuring antioxidant capacity, histopathology, gene expression related to glycolipid metabolism, and gut microbiota composition, we propose a potential mechanism for SePN to improve animal health.</span><span> Compared with the control groups, foliar spraying of nano-Se increased saponins content (Rb2, Rb3, Rc, F2, Rb2, and Rf) in the roots of <em>Panax notoginseng</em>, and the content of Rb2 increased by 3.9 times in particular. Interestingly, animal studies indicated that taking selenium-rich <em>Panax notoginseng</em> (SePN) can further ameliorate liver antioxidation (SOD, MDA, and GSH) and enzyme activities involved in glycolipid metabolism (ATGL and PFK). It also relieved inflammation and regulated the expression of genes (<em>MCAD</em>, <em>PPAR-α</em>, and <em>PCSK9</em>) related to fatty acid oxidation.</span> <span>The abundance ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroides and beneficial bacteria abundance (<em>Bifidobacterium</em>, <em>Butyricimonas</em>, and <em>Parasutterella</em>) in gut microbiota were improved relative to the control. In summary, the application of nano-Se on PN may</span> <span>effectively raise the content of <em>Panax notoginseng</em> saponins (PNS) and immensely lower the risk of metabolic disorders of glycolipids.</span></p>
Gut microbiome analysis of high fat diet- and control-fed on PXR-KO mice
<p>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease due to the current epidemics of obesity and diabetes. The pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a xenobiotic-sensing nuclear receptor known for trans-activating liver genes involved in drug metabolism and transport, and more recently implicated in energy metabolism. The gut microbiota can modulate the host xenobiotic biotransformation and contribute to the development of obesity. While the male sex confers a higher risk for NAFLD than women before menopause, the mechanism remains unknown. We hypothesized that the presence of PXR promotes obesity by modifying the gut-liver axis in a sex-specific manner. Male and female C57BL/6 (wild-type/WT) and PXR-knockout (PXR-KO) mice were fed control or high fat diet (HFD) for 16-weeks. Serum parameters, liver histopathology, transcriptomic profiling, 16S-rDNA sequencing, and bile acid (BA) metabolomics were performed. PXR enhanced HFD-induced weight gain, hepatic steatosis and inflammation especially in males, accompanied by PXR-dependent up-regulation in hepatic genes involved in microbial response, inflammation, oxidative stress, and cancer; PXR-dependent increase in intestinal Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio (hallmark of obesity) and the pro-inflammatory Lactobacillus, as well as a decrease in the anti-obese Allobaculum and the anti-inflammatory Bifidobacterum, with a PXR-dependent reduction of beneficial BAs in liver. The resistance to NAFLD in females may be explained by PXR-dependent decrease in pro-inflammatory bacteria (<em>Ruminococcus gnavus and Peptococcaceae</em>). In conclusion, PXR exacerbates hepatic steatosis and inflammation accompanied by obesity- and inflammation-prone gut microbiome signature, suggesting that gut microbiome may contribute to PXR-mediated exacerbation of NAFLD.</p>
Fat Gold
Fat gold chunk generated using random boxes, and then I use ballooney inflate method (Cloth Filter). Material is from Sanctus. YouTube: https://youtu.be/JjlUDTYrCBU Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Scaling between cell cycle duration and wing growth is regulated by Fat-Dachsous signaling in Drosophila
<p>The atypical cadherins Fat and Dachsous (Ds) signal through the Hippo pathway to regulate growth of numerous organs, including the <em>Drosophila</em> wing. Here, we find that Ds-Fat signaling tunes a unique feature of cell proliferation found to control the rate of wing growth. The duration of the cell cycle increases in direct proportion to the size of the wing, leading to linear rather than exponential growth. Ds-Fat signaling enhances the rate at which the cell cycle lengthens with wing size, thus diminishing the linear rate of wing growth. We show that this results in a complex but stereotyped relative scaling of wing growth with body growth in <em>Drosophila</em>. Finally, we examine the dynamics of Fat and Ds protein distribution in the wing, observing graded distributions that change during growth. However, the significance of these dynamics is unclear since perturbations in expression have negligible impact on wing growth.</p>
Fig. 1 in Wing-Length, Body Mass And Fat Reserves Of Robins (Erithacus Rubecula) During Autumn Migration In Hungary
Fig. 1. Location of ringing sites
From nucleation to fat crystal network: effect of stearic-palmitic sucrose ester on static crystallization of palm oil
<p>Dataset belonging to publication 'From nucleation to fat crystal network: effect of stearic-palmitic sucrose ester on static crystallization of palm oil', <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13091372">https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13091372</a>.</p> <p> </p> <p>PLM = polarized light microscopy</p> <p>CryoSEM = cryo-scanning electron microscopy</p> <p>> data obtained after de-oiling fat samples with isobutanol (4x) and aceton (1x), see publication</p> <p>SAXS = small-angle X-ray scattering</p> <p>> data obtained after subtraction of intensity of empty capillary, see publication</p> <p>> for SE heating and cooling cycles, data is recorded from 70°C (1h) to 20°C (1h), and 4 repeated cycles </p> <p>WAXS = wide-angle X-ray scattering</p> <p>> data obtained after subtraction of intensity of empty capillary, see publication</p> <p>> for SE heating and cooling cycles, data is recorded from 70°C (1h) to 20°C (1h), and 4 repeated cycles </p> <p>USAXS = ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering</p> <p>> data obtained after subtraction of intensity of the capillary at 70°C, see publication</p> <p>DSC = differential scanning calorimetry</p> <p>> Samples are heated at 70°C for 10 min, and then crystallized following a certain protocol (see publication).</p> <p>> Samples are maintained one hour at their respective isothermal crystallization temperature.</p> <p>> Samples are rehaeted at 5°C/min to 70°C.</p> <p>SE = sucrose ester (SP30, HLB6)</p> <p>PO = palm oil</p> <p>POE = palm oil + 0.5 wt% SE</p> <p>FC = fast cooling (20°C/min)</p> <p>SC = slow cooling (1°C/min)</p>
Data from: Experimental increase in fecundity causes upregulation of fecundity and body maintenance genes in the fat body of ant queens
<p>In most organisms, fecundity and longevity are negatively associated and the molecular regulation of these two life history traits is highly interconnected. In addition, nutrient intake often has opposing effects on lifespan and reproduction. In contrast to solitary insects, the main reproductive individual of social hymenopterans, the queen, is also the most long-lived. During development, queen larvae are well-nourished, but we are only beginning to understand the impact of nutrition on the queens' adult life and the molecular regulation and connectivity of fecundity and longevity. Here, we used two experimental manipulations to alter queen fecundity in the ant <em>Temnothorax rugatulus</em> and investigated associated changes in fat body gene expression. Egg removal triggered a fecundity increase, leading to expression changes in genes with functions in fecundity such as oogenesis and body maintenance. Dietary restriction lowered the egg production of queens and altered the expression of genes linked to autophagy, Toll signalling, cellular homeostasis, and immunity. Our study reveals that an experimental increase in fecundity causes the co-activation of reproduction and body maintenance mechanisms, shedding light on the molecular regulation of the link between longevity and fecundity in social insects.</p>
Summary-level data from meta-analysis of fat distribution phenotypes in UK Biobank and GIANT
<p>~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~</p> <p>Summary-level data as presented in:</p> <p>"Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for body fat distribution in 694,649 individuals of European ancestry." Pulit, SL et al. bioRxiv, 2018. https://www.biorxiv.org/content/early/2018/04/18/304030</p> <p>**If you use these data, please cite the above preprint.</p> <p>If you have any questions or comments regarding these files, please contact me:</p> <p>Sara L Pulit<br> spulit@well.ox.ac.uk or s.l.pulit@umcutrecht.nl</p> <p>~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~</p> <p><strong>(1) Data files</strong></p> <p><em>i. whradjbmi.giant-ukbb.meta-analysis.combined.23May2018.txt</em><br> Meta-analysis of waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (whradjbmi) in UK Biobank and GIANT data. Combined set of samples, max N = 694,649.</p> <p><em>ii. whradjbmi.giant-ukbb.meta-analysis.females.23May2018.txt</em><br> Meta-analysis of whradjbmi in UK Biobank and GIANT data. Female samples only, max N = 379,501.</p> <p><em>iii. whradjbmi.giant-ukbb.meta-analysis.males.23May2018.txt</em><br> Meta-analysis of whradjbmi in UK Biobank and GIANT data. Male samples only, max N = 315,284.</p> <p><em>iv. whr.giant-ukbb.meta-analysis.combined.23May2018.txt</em><br> Meta-analysis of waist-to-hip ratio (whr) in UK Biobank and GIANT data. Combined set of samples, max N = 697,734.</p> <p><em>v. whr.giant-ukbb.meta-analysis.females.23May2018.txt</em><br> Meta-analysis of whr in UK Biobank and GIANT data. Female samples only, max N = 381,152.</p> <p><em>vi. whr.giant-ukbb.meta-analysis.males.23May2018.txt</em><br> Meta-analysis of whr in UK Biobank and GIANT data. Male samples only, max N = 316,772.</p> <p><em>vii. bmi.giant-ukbb.meta-analysis.combined.23May2018.txt</em><br> Meta-analysis of body mass index (bmi) in UK Biobank and GIANT data. Combined set of samples, max N = 806,834.</p> <p><em>viii. bmi.giant-ukbb.meta-analysis.females.23May2018.txt</em><br> Meta-analysis of bmi in UK Biobank and GIANT data. Female samples only, max N = 434,794.</p> <p><em>ix. bmi.giant-ukbb.meta-analysis.males.23May2018.txt</em><br> Meta-analysis of bmi in UK Biobank and GIANT data. Male samples only, max N = 374,756.</p> <p><strong>(2) Data file format</strong></p> <p>CHR: Chromosome</p> <p>POS: Chromosomal position of the SNP, build hg19</p> <p>SNP: the dbSNP151 identifier of the SNP, followed by the first allele and second allele of the SNP, delimited with a colon. A small number of SNPs (<9,000) from the GIANT data had no dbSNP151 identifier, and are left as just an rsID. Note that these SNPs are also missing chromosome and position information (not provided in the GIANT data).</p> <p>Tested_Allele: the allele for which all association statistics are reported</p> <p>Other_Allele: the other allele at the SNP</p> <p>Freq_Tested_Allele: frequency of the tested allele</p> <p>BETA: the effect size of the tested allele</p> <p>SE: the standard error of the beta</p> <p>P: the p-value of the SNP, as reported from the inverse variance-weighted fixed effects meta-analysis</p> <p>N: the total sample size for this SNP</p> <p>INFO: the imputation quality (info score) of the SNP, as reported by UK Biobank. A number between 0 and 1 indicating quality of imputation (0, poor quality; 1, high quality or genotyped). Note that the summary-level GIANT data does not report info score, so SNPs appearing only in the GIANT analysis do not have info scores.</p>
Dataset - Anaerobic co-digestion of waste yeast biomass from citric acid production and waste frying fat
<p>Excel document that contains the data of the journal article “Moeller et al. (2018) Anaerobic co-digestion of waste yeast biomass from citric acid production and waste frying fat”. The dataset includes all values obtained during the experimental period and it complements the corresponding article.</p>
data set related to article Magnetic resonance fingerprinting with dictionary-based fat and water separation (DBFW MRF): A multi-component approach
<p>This record contains raw data related to article Magnetic resonance fingerprinting with dictionary-based fat and water separation (DBFW MRF): A multi-component approach</p>
Table 2 in Perinatal exposure to a high-fat diet alters proopiomelanocortin, neuropeptide Y and dopaminergic receptors gene expression and the food preference in offspring adult rats
<p><b>Table 2.</b> Relative food intake of the high-fat diet and control diet during the food preference study in offspring exposed or not a control diet or high-fat diet during perinatal and/or postnatal period.</p><table><tbody><tr><th></th><th><i>High-fat diet (g/100 g body weight)</i></th><th></th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th></th><td><i>102º day</i></td><td><i>110º day</i></td><td><i>116º day</i></td></tr><tr><th><i>CC</i></th><td>12.6 ± 0.6</td><td>11.3 ± 0.2</td><td>11.1 ± 0.7</td></tr><tr><th><i>CH</i></th><td>12.8 ± 0.6</td><td>12.4 ± 0.3</td><td>11.4 ± 0.4</td></tr><tr><th><i>HC</i></th><td>16.7 ± 1.1 <b>a.b*</b></td><td>13.7 ± 0.9</td><td>10.0 ± 0.5</td></tr><tr><th><i>HH</i></th><td>15.3 ± 0.7 <b>a.b*</b></td><td>11.7 ± 0.9</td><td>10.7 ± 0.5</td></tr><tr><th></th><td><i>Control diet (g/100 g body weight)</i></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td><i>102º day</i></td><td><i>110º day</i></td><td><i>116º day</i></td></tr><tr><th><i>CC</i></th><td>1.4 ± 0.2</td><td>1.1 ± 0.1</td><td>1.1 ± 0.3</td></tr><tr><th><i>CH</i></th><td>2.1 ± 0.2</td><td>1.5 ± 0.3</td><td>0.9 ± 0.1</td></tr><tr><th><i>HC</i></th><td>1.8 ± 0.2</td><td>1.0 ± 0.3</td><td>1.0 ± 0.3</td></tr><tr><th><i>HH</i></th><td>1.9 ± 0.2</td><td>1.1 ± 0.2</td><td>0.7 ± 0.1</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Values are presented as mean + SEM using two-way ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni multiple-comparison test. *p<0,005; “a”: compared to CC, “b”: compared to CH; “c”: compared to HC; “d”: compared to HH.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.