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12,072 results for “Global”
Global River BankFull Discharge (GQBF) - Siberia(SI) & South Pacific/Australia(SP)
<p>The GQBF is the estimated bankfull discharge across ~2.87 million km (length) of global river reaches. The bankfull discharge here is defined as the maximum flow rate contained within a river just before inundation occurs in the surrounding floodplain. We based our river bankfull discharge estimation on a newly developed river network, Global RIver Topology (GRIT), using GRIT’s river reaches as the spatial scale to represent the variation in bankfull discharge. We included all GRIT river reaches that coincided with the Global River Width from Landsat (GRWL) river masks (with overlapping ratio >=0.5). This selects river reaches with satellite-derived width measurements >=30 m, resulting in a total length of ~2.87 million km. Here, the GQBF represents the time-averaged bankfull discharge at <1 km (river length) spatial resolution.</p> <p><strong>Regions</strong></p> <p>Added regions SI, SP Vector files.</p> <ul> <li>SI - Siberia</li> <li>SP - South Pacific/Australia</li> </ul> <p>The subcontinental catchment groups (vector, polygons) can be found at <a href="https://zenodo.org/records/11219313">GRIT domain polygon</a> (GRITv06_domain_GLOBAL.gpkg.zip). They allow for more fine-grained subsetting of data .</p> <p>Vector files are provided in geographic WGS84 coordinates (EPSG:4326).</p> <p><strong>Change log</strong></p> <ul> <li>v0.1 - 2024-09-29<br> <ul> <li>First globally complete dataset published</li> </ul> </li> <li>v0.1 - 2024-11-19 <ul> <li>Add vector files for regions SI, SP</li> </ul> </li> </ul>
Raw planetary images and boulder labels data (as shapefiles) collected during the BOULDERING Marie Skłodowska-Curie Global fellowship
<p>This database contains 64 large images of craters on the lunar and martian surfaces and 3 images of boulder fields on Earth (see manuscript <a href="https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2023JE008013">https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2023JE008013</a> for more information on those terrestrial locations). The data was collected during the BOULDERING Marie Skłodowska-Curie Global fellowship between October 2021 and 2024.</p> <p>For each image, the boulder outlines within specific tiles within the image were carefully mapped in QGIS. More information about the labelling procedure can be found in the following manuscript (<a href="https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2023JE008013">https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2023JE008013</a>). This dataset differs from the previous dataset included along with the manuscript <a href="https://zenodo.org/records/8171052">https://zenodo.org/records/8171052</a>, as it contains more mapped images, especially of boulder populations around young impact structures on the Moon (cold spots). </p> <p>For each location, you will find a raster with a .tif format, and three shapefiles:</p> <ul> <li> <p>a boulder-mapping file, which is the manually digitized outline of boulders.</p> </li> <li> <p>a tiles-completely-mapped file, which depicts the patches/tiles/windows on which the boulder mapping has been conducted.</p> </li> <li> <p>a global-tiles file, which shows all of the image patches/tiles/windows (pick the term you are the most familiar with) within a raster.</p> </li> </ul> <p>In addition you will find .pkl (which stands for pickle), which contains some information about the patches/tiles/windows if you would need to clip those windows out from the original raster. You can find more information in the way we process this raw data into a format which can be ingested in a deep learning model (see <a href="https://zenodo.org/records/14250874" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://zenodo.org/records/14250874</a>) in the two following github repositories (<a href="https://github.com/astroNils/YOLOv8-BeyondEarth" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://github.com/astroNils/YOLOv8-BeyondEarth</a> and <a href="https://github.com/astroNils/MLtools/tree/main" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://github.com/astroNils/MLtools</a>). If you don't plan in adding more training data, you can directly used the pre-processed database (see <a href="https://zenodo.org/records/14250874" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://zenodo.org/records/14250874</a>).</p> <p>There are multiple locations/images per planetary body. Cold spots are located on the Moon, but they are saved in a folder of their own. </p> <p>Note that the cold spots boulder mapping shapefiles are partially manually mapped, and partially originating from predictions made from a deep learning model (which explains the outline of boulders are predicted within one pixel).</p> <p><strong>How to cite:</strong></p> <p>Please refer to the "how to cite" section of the readme file of <a href="https://github.com/astroNils/YOLOv8-BeyondEarth" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://github.com/astroNils/YOLOv8-BeyondEarth.</a></p> <p><strong>Structure:</strong></p> <pre><code>. └── raw_data/ ├── coldspots/ │ └── image_name/ │ ├── shp/ │ │ ├── <image_name>-tiles-completely-mapped.shp │ │ ├── <image_name>-boulder-mapping.shp │ │ └── <image_name>-global-tiles.shp │ └── raster/ │ └── <image_name>.tif ├── earth/ │ └── image_name/ │ ├── shp/ │ │ ├── <image_name>-tiles-completely-mapped.shp │ │ ├── <image_name>-boulder-mapping.shp │ │ └── <image_name>-global-tiles.shp │ └── raster/ │ └── <image_name>.tif ├── mars/ │ └── image_name/ │ ├── shp/ │ │ ├── <image_name>-tiles-completely-mapped.shp │ │ ├── <image_name>-boulder-mapping.shp │ │ └── <image_name>-global-tiles.shp │ └── raster/ │ └── <image_name>.tif └── moon/ └── image_name/ ├── shp/ │ │ ├── <image_name>-tiles-completely-mapped.shp │ │ ├── <image_name>-boulder-mapping.shp │ │ └── <image_name>-global-tiles.shp └── raster/ └── <image_name>.tif</code></pre>
Global Ocean Heat Content Anomalies and Ocean Heat Uptake based on mapping Argo data using local Gaussian processes
<p>Monthly Ocean Heat Content Anomalies (OHCA) in the top 2000 dbar of the ocean are calculated (during 2004-2024, equatorward of 65 degree latitude) subtracting the mean over the period 2004-2024 from the monthly time series of OHC. Yearly OHCA time series are then calculated that include 1. one point per year, i.e., from averaging Jan to Dec (see files ending in “yearly.nc”), and 2. two points per year, i.e., from averaging Jan to Dec and Jul to Jun, respectively (see files ending in “yearly2.nc”). OHC fields are mapped using locally stationary Gaussian processes (defined over space and time) with data-driven decorrelation scales (Kuusela and Stein, 2018). A linear time trend was included in the estimate of the mean field (along with spatial terms and harmonics for the annual cycle). Mapping is done separately for different vertical sections: 15-20 dbar, 15-300 dbar, 300-700 dbar, 700-1850 dbar, 1800-1850 dbar. The 15-20 dbar (1800-1850 dbar) section is used to estimate OHCA for 0-15 dbar (1850-2000 dbar), where observations are sparser. Different vertical sections are combined to estimate global OHCA time series for 0-2000 dbar, 0-700 dbar, 700-2000 dbar (as indicated in the file names). The attribute "area" is included in the netcdf files and it tells the corresponding surface area for the estimates. Regions of the ocean that are shallower than 300 m or are not sufficiently well sampled by the Argo array are not included. Maps of the ocean masks used for the different vertical sections can be found in the .png files (blue shading indicates the area used for the horizontal integral); the bathymetry mask by Roemmich and Gilson (included in the file RG_ArgoClim_Temperature_2019.nc at https://sio-argo.ucsd.edu/RG_Climatology.html) is also used to define the ocean mask. Ocean Heat Uptake is calculated from the monthly OHCA and then averaged as described above to produce yearly time series included in the files for the different layers.</p> <p>For the uncertainty at each time point, the standard deviation of each OHCA/OHU value in the time series is included. When plotting a time series, the user may consider, e.g., shading plus/minus 1* or 1.96*standard deviation (corresponding to a confidence level of 68% or 95% respectively). These standard deviations in the files are estimated using spatially and temporally dependent conditional simulations of monthly gridded anomalies. When combining different layers, the standard deviation of the sum is conservatively estimated as the sum of the standard deviations. </p> <p>Finally, OHCA/OHU trends are estimated via a least-squares fit and reported in the variable metadata with uncertainties (confidence level of 68%). Trend uncertainties are estimated by repeating the fit for each member of the conditional simulation ensemble described above.</p> <p> </p>
Data for paper publication "Modelling emission and transport of key components of primary marine organic aerosol using the global aerosol-climate model ECHAM6.3–HAM2.3"
<p>The dataset presented here is related to the article by Leon-Marcos et al. 2025: "Modelling emission and transport of key components of primary marine organic aerosol using the global aerosol-climate model ECHAM6.3–HAM2.3" accepted for publication in GMD. It comprises global fields of the FESOM2.1-REcoM3 biogeochemistry model tracers employed to calculate the ocean biomolecule concentration that serve as input data for the aerosol model. Additionally, the ECHAM6.3–HAM2.3 code of the marine aerosol implementation and the required scripts to run the model experiments are provided here. The aerosol-climate model simulation results of the marine aerosol emission, as well as the evaluation of the model results compared to observations, are also included. For further information, please refer to the attached data description. </p> <p> </p> <h2> </h2>
Data from 'Local Regions Associated With Interdecadal Global Temperature Variability in the Last Millennium Reanalysis and CMIP5 Models'
<p><strong>Abstract from '<em>Local Regions Associated With Interdecadal Global Temperature Variability in the Last Millennium Reanalysis and CMIP5 Models</em>':</strong></p> <p>Despite the importance of interdecadal climate variability, we have a limited understanding of which geographic regions are associated with global temperature variability at these timescales. The instrumental record tends to be too short to develop sample statistics to study interdecadal climate variability, and Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 5 (CMIP5) climate models tend to disagree about which locations most strongly influence global mean interdecadal temperature variability. Here we use a new paleoclimate data assimilation product, the Last Millennium Reanalysis (LMR), to examine where local variability is associated with global mean temperature variability at interdecadal timescales. The LMR framework uses an ensemble Kalman filter data assimilation approach to combine the latest paleoclimate data and state-of-the-art model data to generate annually resolved field reconstructions of surface temperature, which allow us to explore the timing and dynamics of preinstrumental climate variability in new ways. The LMR consistently shows that the middle- to high-latitude north Pacific and the high-latitude North Atlantic tend to lead global temperature variability on interdecadal timescales. These findings have important implications for understanding the dynamics of low-frequency climate variability in the preindustrial era.</p>
Global GFED-based monthly burned area time series (1996-2016) at 1 km and ESA CCI MODIS-based long-term monthly P90 burned area occurrence at 500 m
<p>Contains two separate datasets:</p> <ol> <li>Global <a href="https://www.globalfiredata.org/data.html">GFED-based monthly burned area</a> (in ha) <a href="https://youtu.be/kBJcP8mL2Qs">time series (1996-2016)</a> at 1 km (downscaled using cubic-splines from 25 km);</li> <li>Global burned area long term (2000-2012) P90 (quantile probability = 0.9) based on the <a href="http://maps.elie.ucl.ac.be/CCI/viewer/index.php">ESA CCI burned area accumulated weekly product</a>;</li> </ol> <p>Original GFED monthly data is provided as HDF4 files (ftp.fuoco.geog.umd.edu/data/GFED/GFED4). Dataset is described in detail in <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrg.20042">Giglio et al. (2013)</a>. Processing steps are available <a href="https://gitlab.com/openlandmap/global-layers/tree/master/input_layers/GFED"><strong>here</strong></a>. Antarctica is not included.</p> <p>To access and visualize global datasets use: <a href="https://openlandmap.org"><strong>https://openlandmap.org</strong></a> or watch <a href="https://youtu.be/kBJcP8mL2Qs"><strong>this video</strong></a>.</p> <p>If you discover a bug, artifact or inconsistency in the maps, or if you have a question please use some of the following channels:</p> <ul> <li>Technical issues and questions about the code: <a href="https://gitlab.com/openlandmap/global-layers/issues">https://gitlab.com/openlandmap/global-layers/issues</a> </li> </ul> <p>All files provided as Cloud-Optimized GeoTIFFs / internally compressed using "COMPRESS=DEFLATE" creation option in GDAL. File naming convention:</p> <ul> <li>nhz = theme: natural hazards,</li> <li>monthly.burned.ha = variable: estimated monthly burned area in ha,</li> <li>gfed = data source GFED data,</li> <li>m = mean value,</li> <li>1km = spatial resolution / block support: 1 km,</li> <li>s0..0cm = vertical reference: land surface,</li> <li>2000.02 = time reference aggregated: month Feb of year 2000,</li> <li>v4 = version number: GFEDv4,</li> </ul>
Global Mangrove Watch 2010 Baseline (v2.5)
<p>This dataset is an updated version of the Global Mangrove Watch (Bunting et al. 2018) 2010 global mangrove baseline. A number of regions have been remapped to improve quality and map regions missed in the older version 2.0 product published in 2018. </p>
Global Human Settlement Layer per zoom-level 18 Quadtree tile for selected countries as Spatialite database with OpenStreetMap building completeness assessment
<p>This Spatialite database contains the built-up area of the Global Human Settlement Layer (GHSL) per zoom-level 18 Quadtree tile. Additionally, it provides a comparison of the GHSL with buildings in OpenStreetMap: For each tile the built-up ratio between the building footprints and the GHSL is given and a binary completeness assessment (buildings complete, not complete) is provided for easy use. This dataset was created using the obmgapanalysis tool: https://git.gfz-potsdam.de/dynamicexposure/openbuildingmap/obmgapanalysis</p>
Rising CO2 and warming reduce global canopy demand for nitrogen
<ul> <li>Nitrogen (N) limitation has been considered as a constraint on terrestrial carbon uptake in response to rising CO<sub>2</sub>and climate change. By extension, it has been suggested that declining carboxylation capacity (<em>V</em><sub>cmax</sub>) and leaf N content in enhanced-CO<sub>2</sub>­ experiments and satellite records signify increasing N limitation of primary production.</li> <li>We predicted <em>V</em><sub>cmax </sub>using the coordination hypothesis, and estimated changes in leaf-level photosynthetic N for 1982–2016 assuming proportionality with leaf-level <em>V</em><sub>cmax</sub> at 25˚C. Whole-canopy photosynthetic N waas derived using satellite-based leaf area index (LAI) data and an empirical extinction coefficient for <em>V</em><sub>cmax</sub>, and converted to annual N demand using estimated leaf turnover times.</li> <li>The predicted spatial pattern of <em>V</em><sub>cmax </sub>shares key features with an independent reconstruction from remotely-sensed leaf chlorophyll content. Predicted leaf photosynthetic N declined by 0.28 %/year, while observed leaf (total) N declined by 0.2–0.25 %/year. Predicted global canopy N (and N demand) declined from 1997 onwards, despite increasing LAI.</li> <li>Leaf-level responses to rising CO<sub>2</sub>, and to a lesser extent temperature, may have reduced the canopy requirement for N by more than rising LAI has increased it. This finding provides an alternative explanation for declining leaf N that does not depend on increasing N limitation.</li> </ul>
Supplementary dataset for "Rising CO2 and warming reduce global canopy demand for nitrogen"
<p>This repository contains the dataset used for “<strong>Rising CO<sub>2</sub> and warming reduce global canopy demand for nitrogen” </strong></p> <p>The deposition consists of:</p> <ol> <li>An satellite-derived leaf chlorophyll vcmax25 database (Luo<em> et al.</em>, 2019)</li> <li>Simulated <em>V<sub>cmax</sub></em> with all the factors based on the coordination hypothesis</li> <li>Simulated <em>V<sub>cmax </sub></em>with CO<sub>2</sub> fixed at 340 ppm based on the coordination hypothesis</li> <li>Simulated <em>V<sub>cmax</sub> </em>with fixed climate based on the coordination hypothesis</li> <li>Simulated turnover time.</li> <li>Simulated leaf-level <em>N</em><sub>rubisco</sub> (g m<sup>–2</sup> leaf area), canopy-level <em>N<sub>rubisco</sub></em> (g m<sup>–2</sup> ground area), annual leaf-level <em>N<sub>rubisco</sub></em>demand (g m<sup>–2</sup> leaf area year<sup>–1</sup>), and annual canopy-level of <em>N<sub>rubisco</sub></em> demand (g m<sup>–2</sup> ground area year<sup>–1</sup>) in figure 4.</li> <li>Lifespan of evergreen</li> </ol> <p>Note. </p> <ol> <li>LAI products used in the paper , such as TCDR LAI during 1982­–2016; GLASS LAI during 1982–2014; and GLOBMAP LAI during 1982–2011 are public available, the details information see Jiang <em>et al </em>(2017).</li> <li>Evergreen, deciduous and herbaceous vegetation fractions data derived from ESA CCI land cover products is publicly available, the details information see Li <em>et al </em>(2018).</li> <li>The climate force for <em>V<sub>cmax </sub></em>simulation was used CRU TS4.3 (Harris <em>et al,</em> 2020) for 1982–2016 at 0.5° resolution, which is publicly available at </li> </ol> <p><a href="https://crudata.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/hrg/">https://crudata.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/hrg/</a>.</p> <p>The data files are all in netcdf format at 0.5 resolution </p> <p>Reference:</p> <ol> <li><strong>Luo X, Croft H, Chen JM, He L, Keenan TF. 2019.</strong> Improved estimates of global terrestrial photosynthesis using information on leaf chlorophyll content. <em>Global Change Biology</em> <strong>25</strong>(7): 2499-2514.</li> <li><strong>Jiang C, Ryu Y, Fang H, Myneni R, Claverie M, Zhu Z. 2017.</strong> Inconsistencies of interannual variability and trends in long-term satellite leaf area index products. <em>Global Change Biology</em> <strong>23</strong>(10): 4133-4146.</li> <li><strong>Li W, MacBean N, Ciais P, Defourny P, Lamarche C, Bontemps S, Houghton RA, Peng S. 2018.</strong> Gross and net land cover changes in the main plant functional types derived from the annual ESA CCI land cover maps (1992–2015). <em>Earth Syst. Sci. Data</em> <strong>10</strong>(1): 219-234.</li> <li><strong>Harris I, Osborn TJ, Jones P, Lister D. 2020.</strong> Version 4 of the CRU TS monthly high-resolution gridded multivariate climate dataset. <em>Scientific Data</em> <strong>7</strong>(1): 109.</li> </ol>
Global annual soil respiration from 2000 to 2020
<p>This dataset contains a product of annual global soil respiration from 2000 to 2020 at 1 km×1 km spatial resolution. It is an updated dataset and the previous dataset includes a product of annual global soil respiration from 2000 to 2014 (<a href="https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.w3r2280nq">https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.w3r2280nq</a>). More details on this dataset are presented in the paper titled “Spatial and temporal variations in global soil respiration and their relationships with climate and land cover”. This dataset was derived using satellite remote sensing data, biome-specific statistical models, and 1,292 site years of globally-distributed in-situ soil respiration measurements. All data processing and statistical analyses were conducted using Matlab (The MathWorks, Natick, MA).</p>
Global MODIS-based snow cover monthly long-term (2000-2012) at 500 m, and aggregated monthly values (2000-2020) at 1 km
<p>The Global monthly snow cover repository contains multiple products (based on the MODIS/Terra MOD10A2):</p> <ol> <li>Global snow cover monthly long-term (2000–2012) P90 and standard deviation derived from the <a href="http://maps.elie.ucl.ac.be/CCI/viewer/index.php">ESA CCI snow cover weekly product</a>;</li> <li>Global snow cover monthly values P05, P50 and P95 for the period 2000–2020 derived using <a href="https://climate.esa.int/en/odp/#/project/snow">ESA snow cover fraction daily 1-km values</a>;</li> <li>Min and max geometric temperatures for the mid-month (dtm_temp.max_geom.*_m_1km_s0..0cm_xxxx_epsg4326_v1.tif);</li> </ol> <p>Quantiles (probability either 0.05, 0.5, 0.9 and/or 0.95) have been derived by matching dates in the filenames (daily or weekly values). After deriving quantiles, gaps were filled using temporal neighbors (e.g. missing values for year 2002 were filled using average of values between year 2001 and 2003). The gaps were especially large for months of November, December, January and February, northern Hemisphere. Important note: maps still contain some artifacts due to high reflections of white-sands e.g. Salar de Uyuni desert in Bolivia and similar. Processing steps are available <a href="https://gitlab.com/openlandmap/global-layers/tree/master/input_layers/snow.cover"><strong>here</strong></a>. Antarctica is not included.</p> <p>To access and visualize global datasets use: <a href="https://openlandmap.org"><strong>https://openlandmap.org</strong></a></p> <p>If you discover a bug, artifact or inconsistency in the maps, or if you have a question please use some of the following channels:</p> <ul> <li>Technical issues and questions about the code: <a href="https://gitlab.com/openlandmap/global-layers/issues">https://gitlab.com/openlandmap/global-layers/issues</a> </li> </ul> <p>All files provided as Cloud-Optimized GeoTIFFs / internally compressed using "COMPRESS=DEFLATE" creation option in GDAL. File naming convention:</p> <ul> <li>clm = theme: climate,</li> <li>snow.cover = variable: snow cover fractions,</li> <li>esa.modis = data source ESA snow product,</li> <li>p.90 = upper 90% quantile,</li> <li>1km = spatial resolution / block support: 1 km,</li> <li>s0..0cm = vertical reference: land surface,</li> <li>2000..2012 = time reference aggregated: from 2000 to 2012,</li> <li>v1 = version number: 1,</li> </ul>
Country Compendium of the Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species. Dataset.
<p>The Country Compendium of the Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species (GRIIS) is a collation of data across 196 individual country checklists of alien species, along with a designation of those species associated with evidence of impact at a country level. </p>
Leaf moisture content (live-fuel moisture content) at global scale from passive microwave satellite observations of vegetation optical depth (VOD2LFMC)
<p><strong>Related paper:</strong> <a href="https://hess.copernicus.org/preprints/hess-2022-121/">Forkel et al. (2022)</a></p> <p>The VOD2LFMC dataset contains estimates of leaf moisture content as defined as live-fuel moisture content (LFMC) derived from passive microwave satellite observation of vegetation optical depth (VOD). LFMC is defined as the fresh mass of a leaf over the dry mass and is expressed in %:</p> <p><span class="math-tex">\(LFMC = {m_{fresh}-m_{dry}\over m_{dry}}*100\%\)</span></p> <p>LFMC was estimated from the <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2575599">VODCA version 1</a> dataset of Ku-band VOD using the model approach “B” as described in Forkel et al. (2022).</p> <p>The file VOD2LFMC-B_v01_2000-2017.zip contains (unzipped ~ 57 GB):</p> <ul> <li>daily global data per month netCDF files</li> <li>a README file</li> <li>Ancillary file VOD2LFMC-B_v01_support-by-obs.nc</li> </ul> <p>Grid, time and variable definitions:</p> <ul> <li> <p>Grid-name: Geographic Lat/Lon</p> </li> <li> <p>Pixel-size: 1/4 degrees</p> </li> <li> <p>Size-x: 1440</p> </li> <li> <p>Size-y: 557</p> </li> <li> <p>Time period: February 2000 – July 2017</p> </li> <li> <p>Temporal resolution: daily</p> </li> <li> <p>Variable: Live-fuel moisture content (LFMC) in %</p> </li> <li> <p>Valid-range: 0-400%</p> </li> </ul> <p> </p>
Data for "Globally widespread and increasing violations of environmental flow envelopes"
<p>Data and code for</p> <p><strong>Globally widespread and increasing violations of environmental flow envelopes</strong></p> <p>Vili Virkki*#, Elina Alanärä#, Miina Porkka, Lauri Ahopelto, Tom Gleeson, Chinchu Mohan, Lan Wang-Erlandsson, Martina Flörke, Dieter Gerten, Simon N. Gosling, Naota Hanasaki, Hannes Müller Schmied, Niko Wanders, and Matti Kummu*</p> <p># equal contribution to the article<br> * Correspondence to: Vili Virkki (vili.virkki@aalto.fi), Matti Kummu (matti.kummu@aalto.fi)</p> <p><br> link to published version: https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/26/3315/2022/</p> <p><strong>Please cite the published version of the article when using these data.</strong></p> <p><strong>See readme.txt in data for a detailed description of attached files.</strong></p>
New maps of global geologic provinces and tectonic plates: global tectonics data and QGIS project file
<p>The global tectonics data compilation is a set of raster and vector data that are useful for investigating tectonics past and present. The datasets are useful on their own or can be used in GIS software, which includes the QGIS project file for convenience. The datasets include our new models for tectonic plate boundaries and deformation zones, geologic provinces and orogens. Additional datasets include earthquake and volcano locations, geochronology, topography, magnetics, gravity, and seismic velocity.</p> <p>The global tectonics collection is suitable for research and educational purposes.</p>
A Global Data Set of Present-Day Oceanic Crustal Age and Seafloor Spreading Parameters
<p>Datasets of present-day oceanic crustal age and seafloor spreading parameters from Seton et al. (2020).</p> <p>This dataset contains:</p> <ul> <li>Animations: animations of the present-day age grid and seafloor spreading parameters in both low and high resolution</li> <li>Feature Data: GPlates compatible files (*.gpml and *.rot) consistent with and used to create this dataset. Preferred magnetic anomaly picks are also included.</li> <li>Grids: Gridded datasets (netCDF-4 and netCDF-3) of present-day age, rate, asymmetry, direction, obliquity, confidence, and age misfit (in v1.1 only) in 6 minute resolution. Age grids are also provided in 1 and 2 minute resolution as netCDFs, and as 6 minute xyz files.</li> <li>Images: Images of the present-day age grid and seafloor spreading parameters</li> <li>Workflows: the latest workflow to create the present-day age grid can be found on GitHub: https://github.com/EarthByte/presentday-agegridding </li> </ul> <p>These files can also be downloaded from the EarthByte website <a href="https://earthbyte.org/webdav/ftp/earthbyte/agegrid/2020/">here</a>, and the global plate motion model can be found online <a href="https://www.earthbyte.org/webdav/ftp/Data_Collections/Muller_etal_ 2019_Tectonics">here</a>.</p> <p><strong>Please cite the dataset as:</strong><br> Seton, M., Müller, R. D., Zahirovic, S., Williams, S., Wright, N. M., Cannon, J., et al. (2020). A global data set of present‐day oceanic crustal age and seafloor spreading parameters. <em>Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems</em>, 21, e2020GC009214. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GC009214</p>
Bridging the gap between single nanoparticle imaging and global electrochemical response by correlative microscopy assisted by machine vision
<p>The data in this repository corresponds to experimental data: linear sweep voltammetry, optical movie and the database of the SEM images. They support the findings of a study discussed in the article by Godeffroy et al. published in Small Methods with the doi: http:/doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202200659. The data analysis to reproduce the results presented in the article has been carried out by homemade Python program routines also provided in this repository. The descirption of each routine is also provided in a text file.</p>
Global Mangrove Watch (1996 - 2020) Version 3.0 Dataset
<p>This study has used L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) global mosaic datasets from the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) for 11 epochs from 1996 to 2020 to develop a long-term time-series of global mangrove extent and change. The study used a map-to-image approach to change detection where the baseline map (GMW v2.5) was updated using thresholding and a contextual mangrove change mask. This approach was applied between all image-date pairs producing 10 maps for each epoch, which were summarised to produce the global mangrove time-series. The resulting mangrove extent maps had an estimated accuracy of 87.4 % (95th conf. int.: 86.2 - 88.6 %), although the accuracies of the individual gain and loss change classes were lower at 58.1 % (52.4 - 63.9 %) and 60.6 % (56.1 - 64.8 %), respectively. Sources of error included a mis-registration in the SAR mosaic datasets, which could only be partially corrected for, but also confusion in fragmented areas of mangroves, such as around aquaculture ponds. Overall, 152,604 km<sup>2</sup> (133,996 - 176,910) of mangroves were identified for 1996, with this decreasing by -5,245 km<sup>2</sup> (-13,587 - 3686) resulting in a total extent of 147,359 km<sup>2</sup> (127,925 - 168,895) in 2020, and representing an estimated loss of 3.4 % over the 24-year time period. The Global Mangrove Watch Version 3.0 represents the most comprehensive record of global mangrove change achieved to date and is expected to support a wide range of activities, including the ongoing monitoring of the global coastal environment, defining and assessments of progress towards conservation targets, protected area planning and risk assessments of mangrove ecosystems worldwide.</p> <p>The paper which goes along with this dataset is available at the following reference:</p> <p>Bunting, P.; Rosenqvist, A.; Hilarides, L.; Lucas, R.M.; Thomas, T.; Tadono, T.; Worthington, T.A.; Spalding, M.; Murray, N.J.; Rebelo, L-M. Global Mangrove Extent Change 1996 – 2020: Global Mangrove Watch Version 3.0. Remote Sensing. 2022</p>
Sentinel2GlobalLULC: A dataset of Sentinel-2 georeferenced RGB imagery annotated for global land use/land cover mapping with deep learning (License CC BY 4.0)
<p>Sentinel2GlobalLULC is a deep learning-ready dataset of RGB images from the Sentinel-2 satellites designed for global land use and land cover (LULC) mapping. Sentinel2GlobalLULC v2.1 contains 194,877 images in GeoTiff and JPEG format corresponding to 29 broad LULC classes. Each image has 224 x 224 pixels at 10 m spatial resolution and was produced by assigning the 25th percentile of all available observations in the Sentinel-2 collection between June 2015 and October 2020 in order to remove atmospheric effects (i.e., clouds, aerosols, shadows, snow, etc.). A spatial purity value was assigned to each image based on the consensus across 15 different global LULC products available in Google Earth Engine (GEE). </p> <p> </p> <p>Our dataset is structured into 3 main zip-compressed folders, an Excel file with a dictionary for class names and descriptive statistics per LULC class, and a python script to convert RGB GeoTiff images into JPEG format. The first folder called "Sentinel2LULC_GeoTiff.zip" contains 29 zip-compressed subfolders where each one corresponds to a specific LULC class with hundreds to thousands of GeoTiff Sentinel-2 RGB images. The second folder called "Sentinel2LULC_JPEG.zip" contains 29 zip-compressed subfolders with a JPEG formatted version of the same images provided in the first main folder. The third folder called "Sentinel2LULC_CSV.zip" includes 29 zip-compressed CSV files with as many rows as provided images and with 12 columns containing the following metadata (this same metadata is provided in the image filenames): </p> <ul> <li>Land Cover Class ID: is the identification number of each LULC class</li> <li>Land Cover Class Short Name: is the short name of each LULC class</li> <li>Image ID: is the identification number of each image within its corresponding LULC class </li> <li>Pixel purity Value: is the spatial purity of each pixel for its corresponding LULC class calculated as the spatial consensus across up to 15 land-cover products </li> <li>GHM Value: is the spatial average of the Global Human Modification index (gHM) for each image</li> <li>Latitude: is the latitude of the center point of each image</li> <li>Longitude: is the longitude of the center point of each image</li> <li>Country Code: is the Alpha-2 country code of each image as described in the ISO 3166 international standard. To understand the country codes, we recommend the user to visit the following website where they present the Alpha-2 code for each country as described in the ISO 3166 international standard:https: //www.iban.com/country-codes</li> <li>Administrative Department Level1: is the administrative level 1 name to which each image belongs</li> <li>Administrative Department Level2: is the administrative level 2 name to which each image belongs</li> <li>Locality: is the name of the locality to which each image belongs</li> <li>Number of S2 images : is the number of found instances in the corresponding Sentinel-2 image collection between June 2015 and October 2020, when compositing and exporting its corresponding image tile</li> </ul> <p>For seven LULC classes, we could not export from GEE all images that fulfilled a spatial purity of 100% since there were millions of them. In this case, we exported a stratified random sample of 14,000 images and provided an additional CSV file with the images actually contained in our dataset. That is, for these seven LULC classes, we provide these 2 CSV files:</p> <ul> <li>A CSV file that contains all exported images for this class </li> <li>A CSV file that contains all images available for this class at spatial purity of 100%, both the ones exported and the ones not exported, in case the user wants to export them. These CSV filenames end with "including_non_downloaded_images".</li> </ul> <p>To clearly state the geographical coverage of images available in this dataset, we included in the version v2.1, a compressed folder called "Geographic_Representativeness.zip". This zip-compressed folder contains a csv file for each LULC class that provides the complete list of countries represented in that class. Each csv file has two columns, the first one gives the country code and the second one gives the number of images provided in that country for that LULC class. In addition to these 29 csv files, we provided another csv file that maps each ISO Alpha-2 country code to its original full country name.</p> <p>© <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5055632">Sentinel2GlobalLULC Dataset </a>by Yassir Benhammou, Domingo Alcaraz-Segura, Emilio Guirado, Rohaifa Khaldi, Boujemâa Achchab, Francisco Herrera & Siham Tabik is marked with Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY 4.0)</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.