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121 results for “Global climate change”
The vulnerability of shellfish aquaculture to climate change and ocean acidification– a global assessment
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Interactive effects of climate change and pathogens on plant performance: a global meta-analysis
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Global risk dynamics of Borrelia miyamotoi in the context of climate change
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Global Agricultural Land Resources – A High Resolution Suitability Evaluation and Its Perspectives until 2100 under Climate Change Conditions (v2.0)
<p><strong>Agricultural land resources – a global suitability evaluation</strong></p> <p><em>An inventory is required on the changing potentially suitable areas for agriculture under changing climate conditions. Within the context of the GLUES project, researchers at the Ludwig-Maximilians University (LMU) investigated the global agricultural suitability of land under changing climate conditions at high spatial resolution. The growing demand for food, feed, fiber and bioenergy increases pressure on land and causes land use/cover change and trade-offs between different uses of land and ecosystem services. In order to ensure food security, agricultural potentials need to be used more efficiently in the future. Therefore, the agricultural suitability of land are important information e.g. in order to identify todays suitable areas and possible future changes. The potential suitability of todays forested and protected areas can be used to identify possible hotspots of land use/cover change. Therefore, LMU is working on improving the knowledge of global agricultural potentials of land and better understanding the interdependencies between ecological and socio-economic systems which are driving land use/cover change.</em></p> <p><strong>Determining Agricultural Suitability</strong></p> <p>Local climate, soil and topography determine the available energy, water and nutrient supply for agricultural crops and thus their natural suitability. In order to allow for computing the natural agricultural constraints on the globe at 30 arc seconds (1km) spatial resolution, the following high resolution data were applied:</p> <p>Daily data for temperature, precipitation and solar radiation from the global climate model ECHAM5. Soil data comes from the Harmonized World Soil Database (HWSD). Considered soil properties are texture, proportion of coarse fragments and gypsum, base saturation, pH content, organic carbon content, salinity, sodicity. Topography data was applied from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM). Irrigation has strong impact on the crop’s suitability. It is considered on todays irrigated areas as given by the FAO Aquastat Global Maps of Irrigated Areas (GMIA) dataset. The determinant factors are contrasted with the crop-specific requirements, using a fuzzy-logic approach. The crop requirements are taken from literature.</p> <p><strong>Agricultural Suitability</strong></p> <p>General agricultural suitability at a spatial resolution of 30 arcsec, considering rainfed conditions and irrigation on currently irrigated areas. The agricultural suitability represents for each pixel the maximum suitability value of the considered 16 plants. The dataset contains four time periods (1961-1990, 1981-2010, 2011-2040, 2071-2100).</p> <p><strong>Suitability Change due to Climate until 2100</strong></p> <p>Change in agricultural suitability and crop suitability due to climate change for SRES A1B scenario conditions for 16 crops between 1981-2010 and 2071-2100 at a spatial resolution of 30 arcsec.</p> <p><strong>Multiple Cropping</strong></p> <p>Potential number of suitable crop cycles for 16 crops at a spatial resolution of 30 arcsec, considering rainfed conditions and irrigation on currently irrigated areas. The dataset contains four time periods (1961-1990, 1981-2010, 2011-2040, 2071-2100).</p> <p><strong>Growing Cycle</strong></p> <p>Start of the growing cycle for 16 crops at a spatial resolution of 30 arcsec, considering rainfed conditions and irrigation on currently irrigated areas. In case of multiple cropping, the start of the first growing cycle is shown. The dataset contains four time periods (1961-1990, 1981-2010, 2011-2040, 2071-2100).</p> <p><strong>Further information</strong></p> <p>Detailled information are available in the following publication:<br> Zabel F., Putzenlechner B., Mauser W. (2014): <strong>Global agricultural land resources – a high resolution suitability evaluation and its perspectives until 2100 under climate change conditions. </strong> Online available: <a href="http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0107522">PLOS ONE</a>. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107522</p> <p><strong>Improvements in v2.0</strong></p> <p>Compared to previous versions, v2.0 uses updated input data for soil and minor improvements of the statistical downscaling and the bias correction of the climate model data.</p> <p><strong>Contact</strong></p> <p>Please contact: Dr. Florian Zabel, <a href="mailto:f.zabel@lmu.de">f.zabel@lmu.de</a>, Department für Geographie, LMU München (<a href="http://www.geografie.uni-muenchen.de">www.geografie.uni-muenchen.de</a>)</p>
Data and model output for figures in "Variable particle size distributions reduce the sensitivity of global export flux to climate change"
<p><strong>Associated publication</strong></p> <p>This dataset was used to generate analyses and figures in the following publication:</p> <p>Leung, S., Weber, T., Cram, J. A., & Deutsch, C. Variable particle size distributions reduce the sensitivity of global export flux to climate change. <em>Submitted to Biogeosciences.</em></p> <p><strong>Associated code</strong></p> <p>After downloading this dataset, run the associated MATLAB code at the following link to generate the figures and analyses in the above publication:</p> <p>https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4117382</p>
Climate model data from "Changes in local and global climate feedbacks in the absence of interactive clouds: Southern Ocean-climate interactions in two intermediate-complexity models"
<p>This Dataset contains the model output described in the study<br> "Changes in local and global climate feedbacks in the absence of interactive clouds: Southern Ocean-climate interactions in two intermediate-complexity models"<br> by Pfister and Stocker 2020, published in Journal of Climate.</p> <p>The two zip files contain the model output of the two models Bern3D-LPX and LOVECLIM, in folder structures explained below.</p> <p>Bern3D-LPX:</p> <p>The 3 folders contain model simulations tuned to different ECS values (2, 3 and 6 Kelvin).<br> Each folder contains three subfolders corresponding to three simulations: Control, 2xCO2 and 4xCO2.<br> For each simulation, two netcdf model output files are given: a timeseries file for quick overview of various spatially averaged variables (e.g., global mean temperature), and a full output file for local analyses as done in the study.</p> <p>For the main simulations with an ECS of 3 Kelvin, annual mean output is provided for the first 500 years of each simulation. Thereafter, the full output is available only for selected years, which can be read out from the netcdf time dimension or, e.g., the netcdf variable "baseyear".</p> <p>Simulations with an ECS of 2 and 6 Kelvin are only used for Figure 8 and its discussion, therefore their full output file was written with less yearly outputs than the main simulation with ECS=3 Kelvin to reduce data load.</p> <p><br> LOVECLIM:</p> <p>The 2 folders contain the 2xCO2 and 4xCO2 simulations.<br> No separate Control simulations were made, but the first 1000 years of each simulation are unperturbed and used as a control reference (details in Pfister and Stocker 2020, J.Clim.).</p> <p>The two netcdf files for each simulation correspond to atmospheric variables (atmmmyl_cat.nc) and ocean variables (CLIO3m_cat_CO2_2_regridded.nc). Note that the spatial resolution of the atmosphere and ocean component of LOVECLIM are different. Monthly output is provided for the given variables of the full 2000-year-simulations.</p> <p> </p> <p>For a detailed description how these model outputs were analyzed, please refer to Pfister and Stocker 2020, J. Clim.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Data from: Palaeobiogeographical distribution of Orbiculoidea (Brachiopoda, Discinoidea) responding to global climatic and geographical changes during the Palaeozoic
The Palaeozoic Era is a particularly interesting period of Earth history, as it includes the formation and northward movement of a supercontinent (Pangea), dramatic climatic changes and global biotic catastrophes. Here, we analyse the palaeobiogeographical distribution of the discinid brachiopod genus Orbiculoidea and discuss its distributional patterns in light of the environmental changes that occurred throughout the Palaeozoic and the Triassic. Our results indicate that the distribution of the genus seems to have been controlled mainly by the palaeogeographical framework and by global climate change. Importantly, its spatial pattern appears to directly respond both to the formation and northward movement of Pangea and to global temperature fluctuations during the Palaeozoic. In conjunction with these two global parameters, it is likely that the distribution of Orbiculoidea was also affected by regional factors, including the presence of oceanic upwelling as well as the development and demise of continental shelves and seaways.
Data from: Global pattern of nest predation is disrupted by climate change in shorebirds
Ongoing climate change is thought to disrupt trophic relationships, with consequences for complex interspecific interactions, yet the effects of climate change on species interactions are poorly understood, and such effects have not been documented at a global scale. Using a single database of 38,191 nests from 237 populations, we found that shorebirds have experienced a worldwide increase in nest predation over the past 70 years. Historically, there existed a latitudinal gradient in nest predation, with the highest rates in the tropics; however, this pattern has been recently reversed in the Northern Hemisphere, most notably in the Arctic. This increased nest predation is consistent with climate-induced shifts in predator-prey relationships.
Data from: Differentiation in neutral genes and a candidate gene in the pied flycatcher: using biological archives to track global climate change
Global climate change is one of the major driving forces for adaptive shifts in migration and breeding phenology and possibly impacts demographic changes if a species fails to adapt sufficiently. In Western Europe, pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca) have insufficiently adapted their breeding phenology to the ongoing advance of food peaks within their breeding area and consequently suffered local population declines. We address the question whether this population decline led to a loss of genetic variation, using two neutral marker sets (mitochondrial control region and microsatellites), and one potentially selectively non-neutral marker (avian Clock gene). We report temporal changes in genetic diversity in extant populations and biological archives over more than a century, using samples from sites differing in the extent of climate change. Comparing genetic differentiation over this period revealed that only the recent Dutch population, which underwent population declines, showed slightly lower genetic variation than the historic Dutch population. As that loss of variation was only moderate and not observed in all markers, current gene flow across Western and Central European populations might have compensated local loss of variation over the last decades. A comparison of genetic differentiation in neutral loci versus the Clock gene locus provided evidence for stabilizing selection. Furthermore, in all genetic markers, we found a greater genetic differentiation in space than in time. This pattern suggests that local adaptation or historic processes might have a stronger effect on the population structure and genetic variation in the pied flycatcher than recent global climate changes.
Data from: Global drivers of tree seedling establishment at alpine treelines in a changing climate
Alpine and Arctic treeline expansion depends on establishment of tree seedlings beyond the current treeline, which is expected to occur with climate warming. However, treelines often fail to respond to higher temperatures, and it is therefore likely that other environmental factors are important for seedling establishment. We aimed to analyse our current understanding of how temperature and a range of other environmental drivers affect tree seedling establishment at the alpine and Arctic treelines worldwide, and to assess the relative importance of temperature compared with other factors and how they interact. We collected 366 observations from 76 experimental and observational papers for a qualitative analysis of the role of a wide range of environmental factors on tree seed germination, tree seedling growth, survival and natural occurrence. For a subset of these studies, where the experimental design allowed, we conducted formal meta-analyses to reveal if there were global drivers for different seedling life traits. The analyses showed that a wide range of abiotic and biotic factors affected tree seedling establishment besides from temperature, including water, snow, nutrients, light, and surrounding vegetation. The meta-analyses showed that different seedling life stages do not respond similarly to environmental factors. For example, temperature had positive effects on growth, while tree seedling survival and germination showed mixed responses to warming. Further, warming was as often as not the strongest factor controlling tree seedling establishment, when compared to with one of five other environmental factors. Moreover, warming effects often depended on other factors such as moisture or the presence of surrounding vegetation. Our results suggests that population dynamics of trees at the alpine and Arctic treeline are responsive to environmental changes and show that there is a clear need for multi-factorial studies if we want to fully understand and predict the interplay between warming and other environmental factors and their effect on tree seedling establishment across current treelines.
Local anthropogenic stress does not exacerbate coral bleaching under global climate change
<p><strong>Aim</strong>. Rising ocean temperatures are widely recognised as the dominant driver behind the rapid degradation of coral reefs via the process of coral bleaching (the expulsion of photosynthetic endosymbionts which reveals the coral skeleton). However, bleaching of hard corals is often assumed to be further aggravated by the effect of local-scale stressors from anthropogenic activity, accelerating coral reef decline where these stressors are stronger. Despite the importance of this hypothesis, the interaction between climate change and local stressors for driving coral bleaching has only been investigated in a handful of studies, with no large-scale (regional or global) test conducted thus far. We investigate the impact of human population density (HPD) – a proxy for local stressors - in both protected and non-protected marine regions, and their interaction under heat stress as drivers of coral bleaching.</p> <p><strong>Location</strong>. Global.</p> <p><strong>Time period</strong>. 2002-2018.</p> <p><strong>Major Taxa Studied</strong>. Scleractinia corals.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong>. Using 9,170 coral reef surveys worldwide, we performed Bayesian modeling to assess the probability of coral bleaching in response to local-scale stressors in interaction with global warming.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>. Local HPD does not exacerbate coral bleaching, either independently or under thermal stress from climate change. Rather, the relationship between HPD and temperature stress appears weakly antagonistic for coral bleaching, contradicting the expectation that HPD increases the sensitivity of corals to bleaching under thermal stress.</p> <p><strong>Main conclusions</strong>. Local HPD does not interact with global warming by degrading coral reefs. However, regional variation in bleaching patterns exists. Consequently, bleaching will continue to occur on most coral reefs globally regardless of local HPD. Thus, it is likely that even isolated, well-protected, coral reefs will continue to decline because of climate warming-induced bleaching. Therefore, tackling the source of global warming remains the most effective way of mitigating coral reef decline via coral bleaching.</p>
MAgPIE model runs outputs: Climate change-driven global land-use system adaptation under CMIP6-based crop model projections
<p>Each folder contains the fulldata.gdx and the configuration files for each MAgPIE run based on the nine crop impact models and 5 gcms used in the paper.</p>
Global insect herbivory and its response to climate change
<p>Data and code for paper '<em>Global insect herbivory and its response to climate change</em>'. To obtain more comprehensive data, please download the <a href="../records/11047796"><strong>new version</strong></a> of the file from Zenodo.</p> <p>Mu Liu, Peixi Jiang, Jonathan M. Chase, Xiang Liu,<br>Global insect herbivory and its response to climate change,<br>Current Biology,<br>2024,<br><a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2024.04.062">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2024.04.062</a>.</p>
Replication data for Chen and Khanna. (Global Environmental Change Advances, 2024), "Heterogeneous and Long-Term Effects of a Changing Climate on Bird Biodiversity"
<p>This dataset contains code and data to replicate the results for "Heterogeneous and Long-Term Effects of a Changing Climate on Bird Biodiversity" by Luoye Chen and Madhu Khanna.</p>
Data for global agricultural water scarcity assessment incorporating blue and green water availability under future climate change
<p>This dataset is for the publication Global agricultural water scarcity assessment incorporating blue and green water availability under future climate change by Liu et al., 2022 (Earth's Future, doi: <a href="http://doi.org/10.1029/2021EF002567">10.1029/2021EF002567</a>).</p> <p>Three observation-based global meteorological datasets, namely PGMFD v.2, GSWP3, and WFDEI, were used to calculate ETc over the baseline period. The bias-corrected climate projections of four GCMs (namely GFDL-ESM2M, HadGEM2-ES, IPSL-CM5A-LR, and MIROC5) provided by the ISIMIP phase 2b (ISIMIP2b) were used to calculate the ETc over the future period.</p> <p> </p> <p>Liu, X., Liu, W., Tang, Q., Liu, B., Wada, Y., & Yang, H. (2022). Global agricultural water scarcity assessment incorporating blue and green water availability under future climate change. Earth's Future, 10, e2021EF002567. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2021EF002567">https://doi.org/10.1029/2021EF002567</a></p>
Data and code for reproduction of: "Climate change to exacerbate the burden of water collection on women's welfare globally"
<p>This repository contains the data and code necessary to reproduce the analysis of the paper:</p> <p> </p> <p>"<span>Climate change to exacerbate the burden of water </span><span>collection on women’s welfare globally"</span></p> <p><span>by Robert Carr, Maximilian Kotz, Peter-Paul Pichler, Helga Weisz, and Leonie Wenz.</span></p> <p> </p> <p><span>Please see the README.txt file for detailed description and instructions on use, and contact maxkotz@pik-potsdam.de for further questions.</span></p>
Supplementary Datasets for 'Reducing climate change impacts from the global food system through diet shifts'
<p>Supplementary Datasets for <em>Reducing climate change impacts from the global food system through diet shifts.</em></p>
Predicting the global potential distribution of vine mealybug, Planococcus ficus under climate change
<p>Figure S1: Performances of niche model of <em>P.ficus</em> in current model. L=Linear; Q=Quadratic; H=Hinge; P=Product; T=Threshold, Figure S2: Partial AUC Values and Graphics, null model (red distribution), distribution of expectations created via bootstrapping replacement of 50% of the total available points and 1000 resampling replicates (blue distribution), Table S1: References used to compile the dataset, Table S2: Occurrence sites for <em>P.ficus</em>, Table S3: Correlation analysis of environmental variables for pest, Table S4: ENMeval results for <em>P.ficus</em> from SDMs.</p>
Supporting Data for "The Vertical Structure of Tropical Temperature Change in Global Storm-Resolving Model Simulations of Climate Change"
<p>Code and netcdf files of processed X-SHiELD and CMIP6 simulations to reproduce the figures of the revised submission of Timothy M. Merlis, Ilai Guendelman, Kai-Yuan Cheng, Lucas Harris, Yan-Ting Chen, Christopher S. Bretherton, Maximilien Bolot, Linjiong Zhou, Alex Kaltenbaugh, Spencer K. Clark, and Stephan Fueglistaler (2024): "The Vertical Structure of Tropical Temperature Change in Global Storm-Resolving Model Simulations of Climate Change".</p> <p> </p>
Data from: Going with the flow: the role of ocean circulation in global marine ecosystems under a changing climate
Ocean warming, acidification, deoxygenation and reduced productivity are widely considered to be the major stressors to ocean ecosystems induced by emissions of CO2. However, an overlooked stressor is the change in ocean circulation in response to climate change. Strong changes in the intensity and position of the western boundary currents have already been observed, and the consequences of such changes for ecosystems are beginning to emerge. In this study, we address climatically induced changes in ocean circulation on a global scale but relevant to propagule dispersal for species inhabiting global shelf ecosystems, using a high resolution global ocean model run under the IPCC RCP 8.5 scenario. The ¼ degree model resolution allows improved regional realism of the ocean circulation beyond that of available CMIP5-class models. We use a Lagrangian approach forced by modelled ocean circulation to simulate the circulation pathways that disperse planktonic life stages. Based on trajectory backtracking, we identify present-day coastal retention, dominant flow and dispersal range for coastal regions at the global scale. Projecting into the future, we identify areas of the strongest projected circulation change and present regional examples with the most significant modifications in their dominant pathways. Climatically-induced changes in ocean circulation should be considered as an additional stressor of marine ecosystems in a similar way to ocean warming or acidification.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.