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2,586 results for “Gradients”
TN412 SCOPE-Gradients-5 cruise, Wirewalker
<p>This dataset was collected during the 5th SCOPE-Gradients cruise. The SCOPE-Gradients program was designed to test conceptual and mathematical models of biogeochemical organization across the transition zone between different ecosystems. The Wirewalker is a wave-powered drifting profiler designed to collect autonomous, vertically-resolved oceanographic observations. The profiler moves along a wire that is suspended between a float at the sea surface and a weight placed at a depth of tens or hundreds of meters. The system horizontal displacement follows the ocean currents. Wirewalker measurements include temperature, salinity, depth, beam attenuation, backscattering, chlorophyll fluorescence, CDOM fluorescence, downwelling irradiance in four spectral bands, and dissolved oxygen concentration.</p>
Dataset for journal article: Nava et al. (2021) "Microalgae colonization of different microplastic polymers in experimental mesocosms across an environmental gradient"
<p>Dataset and R script for the article "Microalgae colonization of different microplastic polymers in experimental mesocosms across an environmental gradient" by Nava V., Matias M., Castillo-Escrivà A., Messyasz B. and Leoni B. accepted by Global Change Biology.</p>
Data supplement for "Gradient flows for coupling order parameters and mechanics"
<p>In this data repository we provide additional information necessary for the generation of the images in the paper "Gradient flows for coupling order parameters and mechanics". The simulation results are generated by a FEniCS code, run on Google Colab and the code is available at <a href="https://github.com/schmellerl/gradient_flows_order_parameters_mechanics">https://github.com/schmellerl/gradient_flows_order_parameters_mechanics</a>. The preprint of the article can be found under the DOI 10.20347/WIAS.PREPRINT.2909.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Environmental and physiochemical controls on coral calcification along a latitudinal temperature gradient in Western Australia
<p>Supplementary data for: Environmental and physiochemical controls on coral calcification along a latitudinal temperature gradient in Western Australia</p>
What Controls the Mean East–West Sea Surface Temperature Gradient in the Equatorial Pacific: The Role of Cloud Albedo
<p>Climatologies for the climate model simulations performed by Burls and Fedorov 2014, Journal of Climate, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00255.1">https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00255.1</a>. This table shows how the names of the simulation files provided in this dataset relate to the experiment names provided in Table 1 of Burls and Fedorov (2014, JOC).</p> <table> <thead> <tr> <th scope="col">Experiment # in Article (Table 1)</th> <th scope="col">Name of Files</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>PreInd_T31_gx3v7*.nc</td> </tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>80p_op_LWP_1590deg_T31_gx3v7*.nc</td> </tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td>60p_op_LWP_1590deg_T31_gx3v7*.nc</td> </tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td>40p_op_LWP_1590deg_T31_gx3v7*.nc</td> </tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td>20p_op_LWP_1590deg_T31_gx3v7*.nc</td> </tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td>20p_LWP_1590deg_T31_gx3v7*.nc</td> </tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td>40p_LWP_1590deg_T31_gx3v7*.nc</td> </tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td>60p_LWP_1590deg_T31_gx3v7*.nc</td> </tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td>80p_LWP_1590deg_T31_gx3v7*.nc</td> </tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td>20p_ILWP_1590deg_tropx2_T31_gx3v7*.nc</td> </tr> <tr> <td>11</td> <td>40p_ILWP_1590deg_tropx2_T31_gx3v7*.nc</td> </tr> <tr> <td>12</td> <td>60p_ILWP_1590deg_tropx2_T31_gx3v7*.nc</td> </tr> <tr> <td>13</td> <td>80p_ILWP_1590deg_tropx2_T31_gx3v7*.nc</td> </tr> <tr> <td>14</td> <td>20p_ILWP_1590deg_tropx4_T31_gx3v7*.nc</td> </tr> <tr> <td>15</td> <td>40p_ILWP_1590deg_tropx4_T31_gx3v7*.nc</td> </tr> <tr> <td>16</td> <td>60p_ILWP_1590deg_tropx4_T31_gx3v7*.nc</td> </tr> <tr> <td>17</td> <td>80p_ILWP_1590deg_tropx4_T31_gx3v7*.nc</td> </tr> <tr> <td>18</td> <td>20p_ILWP_3060deg_tropx8_T31_gx3v7*.nc</td> </tr> <tr> <td>19</td> <td>40p_ILWP_3060deg_tropx8_T31_gx3v7*.nc</td> </tr> <tr> <td>20</td> <td>60p_ILWP_3060deg_tropx8_T31_gx3v7*.nc</td> </tr> <tr> <td>21</td> <td>80p_ILWP_3060deg_tropx8_T31_gx3v7*.nc</td> </tr> <tr> <td>22</td> <td>PreInd_0.9x1.25_gx1v6*.nc</td> </tr> <tr> <td>23</td> <td>40p_LWP_1590deg_0.9x1.25_gx1v6*.nc</td> </tr> <tr> <td>24</td> <td>60p_LWP_1590deg_0.9x1.25_gx1v6*.nc</td> </tr> <tr> <td>25</td> <td>40p_ILWP_1590deg_tropx2_0.9x1.25_gx1v6*.nc</td> </tr> <tr> <td>26</td> <td>60p_ILWP_1590deg_tropx2_0.9x1.25_gx1v6*.nc</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Article abstract:</p> <p>The mean east–west sea surface temperature gradient along the equator is a key feature of tropical climate. Tightly coupled to the atmospheric Walker circulation and the oceanic east–west thermocline tilt, it effectively defines tropical climate conditions. In the Pacific, its presence permits the El Niño–Southern Oscillation phenomenon. What determines this temperature gradient within the fully coupled ocean–atmosphere system is therefore a central question in climate dynamics, critical for understanding past and future climates. Using a comprehensive coupled model [Community Earth System Model (CESM)], the authors demonstrate how the meridional gradient in cloud albedo between the tropics and midlatitudes (Δα) sets the mean east–west sea surface temperature gradient in the equatorial Pacific. To change Δα in the numerical experiments, the authors change the optical properties of clouds by modifying the atmospheric water path, but only in the shortwave radiation scheme of the model. When Δα is varied from approximately −0.15 to 0.1, the east–west SST contrast in the equatorial Pacific reduces from 7.5°C to less than 1°C and the Walker circulation nearly collapses. These experiments reveal a near-linear dependence between Δα and the zonal temperature gradient, which generally agrees with results from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) preindustrial control simulations. The authors explain the close relation between the two variables using an energy balance model incorporating the essential dynamics of the warm pool, cold tongue, and Walker circulation complex.</p>
Data for 'Microbial carbon use efficiency along an altitudinal gradient'
<p>This dataset is related to the manuscript “Microbial carbon use efficiency along an altitudinal gradient“ by Kevin Mganga, Outi-Maaria Sietiö, Nele Meyer, Christopher Poeplau, Sylwia Adamczyk, Christina Biasi, Subin Kalu, Matti Räsänen, Per Ambus, Hannu Fritze, Petri Pellikka, and Kristiina Karhu.</p> <p>Corresponding author: Outi-Maaria Sietiö (<a href="mailto:outi-maaria.sietio@helsinki.fi">outi-maaria.sietio@helsinki.fi</a>)</p>
Dataset: Intercomparison of flux, gradient, and variance-based optical turbulence ($C_n^2$) parameterizations
<p>This repository contains the dataset for the manuscript</p> <p>Pierzyna, M, et al. "Intercomparison of flux, gradient, and variance-based optical turbulence (Cn2) parameterizations." <em>Applied Optics</em>, 2024. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.519942">https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.519942</a></p> <p>The data is organized in the following structure:</p> <ul> <li>`met_cn2_*_10m.nc`: netCDF files containing Cn2 estimated from meteorological data obtained at the CESAR site<br> using the flux-based and gradient-based methods at the 10 m level.</li> <li>`wrf_cn2_*.nc`: netCDF files containing Cn2 estimated from WRF model output using the variance-based method (80m)<br> and flux, gradient, and variance-based methods (10m).</li> <li>`wrf_meteo_*.nc`: netCDF files containing a cross-section of CESAR site extracted from WRF model output. This data<br> serves as input for `wrf_cn2_*.nc` files.</li> </ul>
Infaunal mollusca in 4 fjord along a long latitudinal gradient
<p>5 files are included in the object:</p> <ol> <li>Abundance data of the infaunal communities collected from two depth zones in four fjords along a long latitudinal gradient</li> <li>Biomass data of the infaunal communities collected from two depth zones in four fjords along a long latitudinal gradient</li> <li>Biological trait data for the collected taxa. Modalities for three biological traits are included (feeding mode, maximum size, life span)</li> <li>Habitat clasification for the studied locations</li> <li>R code for conducting RLQ analyses using the provided data</li> </ol>
Individual-based body sizes of wild bees along elevational gradients on Mt. Kilimanjaro
<p><span>This dataset contains body size measurements of wild bees that were captured along elevational gradients on the southern slopes of Mt. Kilimanjaro (Tanzania) using standardized sampling methods (pan traps, transect walks). The dataset includes bee species identified at the species level as well as morphospecies. The bees were measured individually, meaning that intraspecific differences in body size are also represented. The intertegular distance (ITD) in millimeters was measured as a surrogate for body size.</span></p> <p><span>The KiLi project (2010-2018) is a German Science Foundation (DFG) funded research unit (DFG research unit FOR1246) that focuses on biodiversity and ecosystem processes along altitudinal and disturbance gradients on Mt. Kilimanjaro (Tanzania, Africa), capitalizing on its world-wide unique range of climatic and vegetation zones. The research unit comprises 2 central projects and 7 subprojects from various disciplines. On a total of 60 study sites in both natural and human-disturbed ecosystems biodiversity (e.g. plants, soil arthropods, ants, bees, frogs, lizards, bats, birds), related ecosystem processes (decomposition, seed dispersal, pollination, herbivory, predation), and biogeochemical processes and properties of ecosystems (climate, soil properties and nutrient status, regulation of water and carbon fluxes, trace gas emissions, primary productivity, functional diversity) are analyzed.</span></p>
Data and code for 'Connectivity over a disease gradient enables recovery of rainforest frogs'
<p>This repository provides all data and R code from the analysis presented in the following paper:</p> <p>Bell, S.C., Heard, G.W., Berger, L. and Skerratt, L.F. (in review). Connectivity over a disease risk gradient enables recovery of rainforest frogs. </p> <p>The data are provided as a series of .csv files. R code is provided separately for each of the following components:</p> <p>1. A script to collate nightly air temperature data from stream-side temperature loggers, plus daily maximum air temperature data from the nearest Australian Bureau of Meteorology recording station to each site.</p> <p>2. A script to fit a hierarchical linear model to the stream-side air temperature, with the aid of the R2OpenBUGS package.</p> <p>3. A script to fit a hierarchical logistic regression model to the chytrid infection data, with the aid of the R2OpenBUGS package.</p> <p>4. A script to fit logistic regression models to the frog occupancy data, with the aid of the R2OpenBUGS package. </p> <p>These files allow all analyses from the paper to be reproduced. </p>
Data and code for 'Connectivity over a disease risk gradient enables recovery of rainforest frogs'
<p>This repository provides all data and R code from the analysis presented in the following paper:</p> <p>Bell, S.C., Heard, G.W., Berger, L. and Skerratt, L.F. (in review). Connectivity over a disease risk gradient enables recovery of rainforest frogs. </p> <p>The data are provided as a series of .csv files. R code is provided separately for each of the following components:</p> <p>1. A script to collate nightly air temperature data from stream-side temperature loggers, plus daily maximum air temperature data from the nearest Australian Bureau of Meteorology recording station to each site.</p> <p>2. A script to fit a hierarchical linear model to the stream-side air temperature, with the aid of the R2OpenBUGS package.</p> <p>3. A script to fit a hierarchical logistic regression model to the chytrid infection data, with the aid of the R2OpenBUGS package.</p> <p>4. A script to fit logistic regression models to the frog occupancy data, with the aid of the R2OpenBUGS package. </p> <p>These files allow all analyses from the paper to be reproduced. </p>
TN412 SCOPE-Gradients-5 CTD data
<p>The SCOPE-Gradients program was designed to test conceptual and mathematical models of biogeochemical organization across the transition zone between different ecosystems. The studies were grounded by three hypotheses derived from ecological theory and manifested by the Darwin ecosystem model output. 1) Optimal supply ratios of fixed nitrogen and iron result in enhanced productivity across the transition zone. 2) The size distribution of organisms (PSD) across the transition zone are predictable under steady state conditions. 3) Trends in elemental and macro-molecular composition of primary producers will vary predictably across the transition zone. We employed a suite of interdisciplinary sampling strategies on process cruises transecting across the North Pacific subtropical gyre, the transition zone and into the subpolar gyres in order to determine whether the theory underlying our models and driving hypotheses are sufficiently robust to predict in situ observations.</p>
Real-time ZTD and gradients from 20 IGS stations; year 2019
<p>This dataset contains multi-GNSS real-time products, i.e. ECEF coordinates, zenith total delay (ZTD), and horizontal gradients, together with their uncertainties estimated every 1 minute over the entire year 2019 for 20 IGS stations: ALGO, BIK0, CAS1, CHPG, CPVG, FAA1, JPLM, KERG, KZN2, LHAZZ, LMMF, NKLG, NNOR, PNGM, POVE, REYK, RGDG, ULAD, WROC, YEL2.</p> <p>Two subsets are available that correspond to two processing strategies, i.e. common and advanced. A detailed description, validation and comparison of both strategies can be found in: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10291-020-01014-w</p> <p>Data are stored in standard Matlab MAT files. Each file contains a single table array (Matlab format) with the complete set of estimated parameters for a single station. Table columns are labeled and self-explanatory. A comma-delimited text file can be obtained using in-build Matlab function "writetable.m".</p>
Seasonal trajectories of plant-pollinator interaction networks differ following phenological mismatches along an urbanization gradient - Data and code
<p>Dataset and code used in the article "Seasonal trajectories of plant-pollinator interaction networks differ following phenological mismatches along an urbanization gradient", by A. Fisogni et al., published in Landscape and Urban Planning (2022, 226:104512, <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016920462200161X?via%3Dihub">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2022.104512</a>)</p>
Fast measurement of the gradient system transfer function at 7 T
<p>Measurement data complementing our publication "Fast measurement of the gradient system transfer function at 7 T" (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/mrm.29523). The corresponding MATLAB code is available at https://github.com/expRad/Fast_GIRF .</p>
Light and confocal micrographs on the response of Mesotaenium endlicherianum SAG 12.97 to a bifactorial environmental gradient, the accumulation of lipid droplets, and the heterologous expression and localisation of signature LD protein homologs to tobacco pollen tubes
<p>These micrographs accompany the work "Environmental gradients reveal stress hubs predating plant terrestrialization", posted as a pre-print on bioRxiv https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.10.17.512551 </p> <p>The light and confocal micrographs show the response of Mesotaenium endlicherianum SAG 12.97 to a bifactorial environmental gradient, especially their accumulation of lipid droplets (LDs); in confocal micrographs, LDs appeared as distinct structures upon staining with BODIPY.</p> <p>Further confocal micrographs show the heterologous expression and localisation of signature LD protein homologs detected in Mesotaenium endlicherianum SAG 12.97; heterologous expression was carried out in tobacco pollen tubes were also stained with BODIPY and proteins were tagged with mCherry.</p>
Phylogenetic analyses of hub genes accompanying the study "Environmental gradients reveal stress hubs predating plant terrestrialization"
<p>135 ML phylogenies of hub genes identified in the study "Environmental gradients reveal stress hubs predating plant terrestrialization"</p>
Universal microbial reworking of dissolved organic matter along environmental gradients
<p>Soils are losing increasing amounts of carbon annually to freshwaters as dissolved organic matter (DOM), which, if degraded, can increasingly offset their carbon sink capacity. DOM is more susceptible to degradation closer to its source and becomes increasingly dominated by the same (i.e., universal), difficult-to-degrade compounds as degradation proceeds. However, the processes underlying DOM degradation across environments are poorly understood. Here we found DOM changed similarly along soil-aquatic gradients irrespective of differences in environmental conditions. Using ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry, we tracked DOM along soil depths and hillslope positions in forest headwater catchments and related its composition to soil microbiomes and physico-chemical conditions. Along depths and hillslopes, carbohydrate-like and unsaturated hydrocarbon-like compounds increased in abundance-weighted mass, suggestive of microbial reworking of plant material. More than half of the variation in the abundance of these compounds was related to the expression of genes essential for degrading plant-derived carbohydrates. Our results implicate continuous microbial reworking in shifting DOM towards universal compounds in soils. By synthesising data from the land-to-ocean continuum, we suggest these processes can be generalised across ecosystems and spatiotemporal scales. Such general degradation patterns can be leveraged to predict DOM composition and its downstream reactivity along environmental gradients to inform management of soil-to-stream carbon losses.</p>
Chironomid taxa relative abundance information and lake identifiers for: Changes in midge assemblages reflect climate and trophic gradients across north temperate and boreal lakes since the pre-industrial period
<p>File 1: Relative abundances for chironomid taxa used in the manuscript: Changes in midge assemblages reflect climate and trophic gradients across north temperate and boreal lakes since the pre-industrial period. Lake_ID corresponds to the lake IDs attributed to each lake sampled as part of the LakePulse Network</p> <p>File 2: Lake_ID, lake name, latitude, longitude, sampling date, province, and ecozone for the 69 lakes examined in the manuscript: Changes in midge assemblages reflect climate and trophic gradients across north temperate and boreal lakes since the pre-industrial period. </p>
Winter sampling microclimatic data using handheld devices at a shrub gradient across Californian drylands.
During a two-week sampling period in February 2023, we collected microclimatic data, including temperature and relative humidity, at shrubs and in the open across 9 sites in California. We collected ambient and ground temperatures.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.