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FIGURE 2 in Description of a new species of Gymnotocinclus from the rio Tocantins basin with phylogenetic analysis of the subfamily Hypoptopomatinae (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)

FIGURE 2. Maximum likelihood tree showing the relationship among species of the tribe Otothyrini including the new species Gymnotocinclus canoeiro, described in the present study. Numbers on branches of the phylogeny denote the bootstrap values higher that 50%.

FIGURE 1 in Description of a new species of Gymnotocinclus from the rio Tocantins basin with phylogenetic analysis of the subfamily Hypoptopomatinae (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)

FIGURE 1. Maximum likelihood tree showing the relationship among species of the tribes Hypoptopomatini and Neoplecostomini. Numbers on branches of the phylogeny denote the bootstrap values higher that 50%.

FIGURE 3. Gymnotocinclus canoeiro, LBP 19469 in Description of a new species of Gymnotocinclus from the rio Tocantins basin with phylogenetic analysis of the subfamily Hypoptopomatinae (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)

FIGURE 3. Gymnotocinclus canoeiro, LBP 19469, paratype, 44.7 mm SL, showing the head bone plates in dorsal view. cpt = compound pterotic; f = frontal; io1-5 = infraorbitals; n = nasal; op = opercle; pr1-2 postrostral plates; pf = prefrontal; pn = prenasal; pop = preopercle; sp = sphenotic; CP1-2 = subocular cheek plates; soc = parieto-supraoccipital; pl-supr = suprarostral plates.

FIGURE 3 in Microlepidogaster negomata, a new hypoptopomatine catfish (Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae) from Rio São Francisco basin, southeastern Brazil

FIGURE 3. Pectoral girdle in ventral view. A) Microlepidogaster discus, DZSJRP 19493, paratype, 41.7 mm SL, male, pectoral girdle exposed only laterally, bearing few odontodes, and arrector fossa large; B) M. perforata, DZSJRP 16171, paratype, 30.6 mm SL, female, pectoral girdle almost completely exposed, bearing many odontodes along all ventral surface, and arrector fossa extending laterally halfway towards the base of the pectoral fin; C) M. arachas, DZSJRP 15808, paratype, 36.3 mm SL, male, pectoral girdle almost completely exposed, bearing many odontodes along all ventral surface, and arrector fossa restricted to midline of girdle; D) M. longicolla, DZSJRP 12453, paratype, 39.7 mm SL, pectoral girdle almost completely exposed, bearing many odontodes along all ventral surface, and arrector fossa restricted to midline of girdle; and E) M. negomata, DZSJRP 21003, paratype, 38.7 mm SL, female, pectoral girdle exposed only laterally, bearing few odontodes, and arrector fossa totally enclosed (right side) or almost totally enclosed (left side), opening restricted to the halfway point of the pectoral girdle. Arrows indicate the arrector fossa. Scale bars = 0.5 mm (new species) and 1 mm (others).

FIGURE 2 in Microlepidogaster negomata, a new hypoptopomatine catfish (Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae) from Rio São Francisco basin, southeastern Brazil

FIGURE 2. Lateral trunk plates of Microlepidogaster negomata, paratype, DZSJRP 21003, 38.7 mm SL, female, left side, showing the anterior series of reduced plates over the swimbladder opening. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURE 1. Microlepidogaster negomata, DZSJRP 20135 in Microlepidogaster negomata, a new hypoptopomatine catfish (Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae) from Rio São Francisco basin, southeastern Brazil

FIGURE 1. Microlepidogaster negomata, DZSJRP 20135, holotype, male, 41.1 mm SL, Brazil, Minas Gerais State, Arapuá Municipality, Ribeirão Bebedouro, a tributary to Rio Abaeté, Rio São Francisco basin.

FIGURE 5 in Microlepidogaster negomata, a new hypoptopomatine catfish (Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae) from Rio São Francisco basin, southeastern Brazil

FIGURE 5. Type locality of Microlepidogaster negomata, Ribeirão Bebedouro, a headwater tributary to the Rio Abaeté, Rio São Francisco basin.

FIGURE 4 in Microlepidogaster negomata, a new hypoptopomatine catfish (Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae) from Rio São Francisco basin, southeastern Brazil

FIGURE 4. Rio São Francisco drainage and geographic distribution of Microlepidogaster negomata (star, type locality). Some symbols can represent more than one lot or locality.

FIGURE 8 in A new species of Microlepidogaster (Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae) from rio Pardo, a coastal drainage in eastern Brazil

FIGURE 8. Type locality of Microlepidogaster roseae, rio Sussuarana, tributary to rio Preto, rio Pardo drainage. Photo by José Birindelli.

FIGURE 7 in A new species of Microlepidogaster (Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae) from rio Pardo, a coastal drainage in eastern Brazil

FIGURE 7. Southeastern and eastern Brazil showing type locality of Microlepidogaster roseae (☆) and geographic distribution of M. arachas (□), M. dimorpha (⌓), M. discontenta (Ó), M. discus (△), M. longicolla (✞), M. negomata (○), and M. perforata (◇), based on type series (except for M. perforata). Orange shaded areas indicate Priority Conservation Areas.

FIGURE 4. A in A new species of Microlepidogaster (Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae) from rio Pardo, a coastal drainage in eastern Brazil

FIGURE 4. A) Pectoral girdle of Microlepidogaster roseae in ventral view, paratype, MZUEL 21730, 33.4 mm SL, female, with exposed area, bearing odontodes, extending to the mesial symphysis. B) In detail: odontodes of exposed area almost completely restricted to the coracoid expansion, except for a single row in the cleithrum (white line indicates the limit between cleithrum and coracoid and the opening of arrector fossa). Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURE 3 in A new species of Microlepidogaster (Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae) from rio Pardo, a coastal drainage in eastern Brazil

FIGURE 3. Transverse process of second dorsal-fin pterygiophore of Microlepidogaster roseae, paratype, DZSJRP 23196, 31.7 mm SL, male, the arrow showing the exposed portion bearing odontodes. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 2 in A new species of Microlepidogaster (Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae) from rio Pardo, a coastal drainage in eastern Brazil

FIGURE 2. Snout of Microlepidogaster roseae, showing the odontode-free band in lateral (A) Anterior view, (B) Paratype, MZUSP 112424, 39.0 mm SL, female. C) Head of c&s preserved specimen in lateral view, paratype, MZUEL 21730, 33.4 mm SL, female. D) In detail, the limited area in which odontodes are absent, from anterior tip of snout to anterior portion of the postrostral plate 2 (fused to postrostral plate 3, in this specimen). Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURE 1. Microlepidogaster roseae, MZUSP 126736 in A new species of Microlepidogaster (Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae) from rio Pardo, a coastal drainage in eastern Brazil

FIGURE 1. Microlepidogaster roseae, MZUSP 126736, holotype, female, 37.1 mm SL, Brazil, Minas Gerais State, tributary of rio Preto, rio Pardo drainage.

FIGURE 7. Corumbataia liliai, MZUSP 123826., 24.7 in Two new species of Corumbataia (Hypoptopomatinae: Loricariidae) from Rio Corrente, upper Rio Paraná basin, Brazil

FIGURE 7. Corumbataia liliai, MZUSP 123826., 24.7 mm SL, female, holotype, from Goiás state, municipality of Aporé, Córrego da Cachoeira, tributary of Rio Corrente, upper Rio Paraná basin, 18°34'50.8"S 52°05'52.8" W.

FIGURE 6 in Two new species of Corumbataia (Hypoptopomatinae: Loricariidae) from Rio Corrente, upper Rio Paraná basin, Brazil

FIGURE 6. Upper picture showing the habitat of the type locality where the species Corumbataia lucianoi lives at Rio Corrente, 18°30'50.57"S 52°05'34.89"W. Lower picture showing the habitat of the type locality where the species C. liliai lives at Córrego da Cachoeira, 18°34'50.8"S 52°05'52.8" W. Both species were found associated with marginal vegetation.

FIGURE 5 in Two new species of Corumbataia (Hypoptopomatinae: Loricariidae) from Rio Corrente, upper Rio Paraná basin, Brazil

FIGURE 5. Map showing the distribution of C. lucianoi at Rio Corrente (triangle = type locality) and at Rio Formoso (star = paratype locality), and Corumbataia liliai at Córrego da Cachoeira (circle = type locality).

FIGURE 4 in Two new species of Corumbataia (Hypoptopomatinae: Loricariidae) from Rio Corrente, upper Rio Paraná basin, Brazil

FIGURE 4. Live specimens: a) Corumbataia lucianoi, holotype, MZUSP 123824., 24.0 mm SL, female. b) Corumbataia liliai, holotype, MZUSP 123826., 24.7 mm SL, female.

FIGURE 3. a in Two new species of Corumbataia (Hypoptopomatinae: Loricariidae) from Rio Corrente, upper Rio Paraná basin, Brazil

FIGURE 3. a) C. lucianoi, MZUSP 123824., 24.0 mm SL; b) C. cuestae, LBP 8114, 27.3 mm SL; c) C. liliai, MZUSP 123826., 24.7 mm SL; d) C. veadeiros, LBP 19470, 32.6 mm SL; e) C. britskii, LBP 9590, 25.5 mm SL; f) C. tocantinensis, LBP 1653, 24.6 mm SL.

FIGURE 2. Neurocranium. Yellow color indicates the naked areas around the snout plates. Corumbataia britskii, LBP 9590, a in Two new species of Corumbataia (Hypoptopomatinae: Loricariidae) from Rio Corrente, upper Rio Paraná basin, Brazil

FIGURE 2. Neurocranium. Yellow color indicates the naked areas around the snout plates. Corumbataia britskii, LBP 9590, a) dorsal view, b) lateral view. Corumbataia lucianoi, LBP 25543., paratype, c) dorsal view, d) lateral view. Corumbataia liliai, LBP 25544., paratype, e) dorsal view, f) lateral view.