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100 results for “Leopardus”
Data from: Demographic histories shape population genomics of the common coral grouper (Plectropomus leopardus)
<p>Many coral reef fishes display remarkable genetic and phenotypic variation across their geographic ranges. Understanding how historical and contemporary processes have shaped these patterns remains a focal question in evolutionary biology since they reveal how diversity is generated and how it may respond to future environmental change. Here we compare the population genomics and demographic histories of a commercially and ecologically important coral reef fish, the common coral grouper (<em>Plectropomus</em> <em>leopardus</em> [Lacépède 1802]), across two adjoining regions (the Great Barrier Reef; GBR, and the Coral Sea, Australia) spanning approximately 14 degrees of latitude and 9 degrees of longitude. We analysed 4,548 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers across 11 sites and show that genetic connectivity between regions is low, despite their relative proximity (~ 100 km) and an absence of any obvious geographic barrier. Inferred demographic histories using 10,479 markers suggest that the Coral Sea population was founded by a small number of GBR individuals and that divergence occurred ~ 190 kya under a model of isolation with asymmetric migration. We detected population expansions in both regions, but estimates of contemporary effective population sizes were approximately 50 % smaller in Coral Sea sites, which also had lower genetic diversity. Our results suggest that <em>P. leopardus</em> in the Coral Sea have experienced a long period of isolation that precedes the recent glacial period (~ 10–120 kya) and may be vulnerable to localised disturbances due to their relative reliance on local larval replenishment. While it is difficult to determine the underlying events that led to the divergence of Coral Sea and GBR lineages, we show that even geographically proximate populations of a widely dispersed coral reef fish can have vastly different evolutionary histories.</p>
When waterholes get busy, rare interactions thrive: Photographic evidence of a jaguar (Panthera onca) killing an ocelot (Leopardus pardalis)
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Data from: Genetic structure and climate niche differentiation among populations of Leopardus geoffroyi
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Data from: Demographic histories shape population genomics of the common coral grouper (Plectropomus leopardus)
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FIGURE 6 in A new species of Anomaloglossus (Anura: Aromobatidae) of the stepheni group with the redescription of A. baeobatrachus (Boistel and de Massary, 1999), and an amended definition of A. leopardus Ouboter and Jairam, 2012
FIGURE 6. Tadpoles of Anomaloglossus mitaraka: on the left dorsal, lateral and ventral pictures of AF2875A preserved (top) and lateral picture of AF2875B in life (bottom); on the right picture of AF2732A in the nest (top), froglet AF2875B (middle), male AF2878 carrying tadpoles to the water (bottom).
FIGURE 5 in A new species of Anomaloglossus (Anura: Aromobatidae) of the stepheni group with the redescription of A. baeobatrachus (Boistel and de Massary, 1999), and an amended definition of A. leopardus Ouboter and Jairam, 2012
FIGURE 5. Tadpoles of Anomaloglossus baeobatrachus: on the left ventral, lateral and dorsal pictures of AF2876_A at Gosner stage 30 (top) and ventral, lateral and dorsal pictures of PG743_A at Gosner stage 33 (bottom), the black bars on the specimens tails are not part of the specimens; on the right two clutches AF2876 and AF2877 photographed at different stages from egg (top) to froglet (bottom).
FIGURE 4 in A new species of Anomaloglossus (Anura: Aromobatidae) of the stepheni group with the redescription of A. baeobatrachus (Boistel and de Massary, 1999), and an amended definition of A. leopardus Ouboter and Jairam, 2012
FIGURE 4. Spectrograms and oscillograms of typical call of four species of the Anomaloglossus stepheni group in a 2 s and a 0.1 s time windows.
FIGURE 3 in A new species of Anomaloglossus (Anura: Aromobatidae) of the stepheni group with the redescription of A. baeobatrachus (Boistel and de Massary, 1999), and an amended definition of A. leopardus Ouboter and Jairam, 2012
FIGURE 3. Views of dorsum, venter, left hand, left foot and Median Lingual Process of the neotype of A. baeobatrachus (left column), of a topotypical specimen of A. leopardus (central column) and of the holotype of A. mitaraka sp. nov. (right column).
FIGURE 1 in A new species of Anomaloglossus (Anura: Aromobatidae) of the stepheni group with the redescription of A. baeobatrachus (Boistel and de Massary, 1999), and an amended definition of A. leopardus Ouboter and Jairam, 2012
FIGURE 1. Phylogenetic tree adapted from Fouquet et al. (2019) and respective distributions of A. baeobatrachus, A. leopardus and A. sp "Mitaraka". Red contours of collapsed branches in the tree indicate groups with exotrophic tadpoles, while green contours indicate groups with endotrophic tadpoles. Stars with corresponding colours indicate type localities.
FIGURE 2 in A new species of Anomaloglossus (Anura: Aromobatidae) of the stepheni group with the redescription of A. baeobatrachus (Boistel and de Massary, 1999), and an amended definition of A. leopardus Ouboter and Jairam, 2012
FIGURE 2. Three males (top) and one female (bottom) of four species of the Anomaloglossus stepheni group. Size of the specimens with asterisk is not scaled.
Data from: Noninvasive individual and species identification of jaguars (Panthera onca), pumas (Puma concolor) and ocelots (Leopardus pardalis) in Belize, Central America using cross-species microsatellites and fecal DNA
There is a great need to develop efficient, noninvasive genetic sampling methods to study wild populations of multiple, co-occurring, threatened felids. This is especially important for molecular scatology studies occurring in challenging tropical environments where DNA degrades quickly and the quality of faecal samples varies greatly. We optimized 14 polymorphic microsatellite loci for jaguars (Panthera onca), pumas (Puma concolor) and ocelots (Leopardus pardalis) and assessed their utility for cross-species amplification. Additionally, we tested their reliability for species and individual identification using DNA from faeces of wild felids detected by a scat detector dog across Belize in Central America. All microsatellite loci were successfully amplified in the three target species, were polymorphic with average expected heterozygosities of HE = 0.60 ± 0.18 (SD) for jaguars, HE = 0.65 ± 0.21 (SD) for pumas and HE = 0.70 ± 0.13 (SD) for ocelots and had an overall PCR amplification success of 61%. We used this nuclear DNA primer set to successfully identify species and individuals from 49% of 1053 field-collected scat samples. This set of optimized microsatellite multiplexes represents a powerful tool for future efforts to conduct noninvasive studies on multiple, wild Neotropical felids.
Data from: Latitudinal and seasonal variation in space use by a large, predatory reef fish, Plectropomus leopardus
1. Temperature directly affects the metabolic rate and resource requirements of ectothermic animals, which is likely to influence their movement and habitat use. Space use is a fundamental component of an animal's ecology and the extent of an animal's home range has consequences for individual distributions, community structure and ecosystem function. As ocean temperatures continue to rise as a result of global warming, determining the effects of temperature on space use and movement patterns of important fisheries species is vital. 2. Our aim was to investigate the spatial and temporal variation in space use by a tropical fisheries species, the leopard coralgrouper (Plectropomus leopardus) from two latitudinally distinct locations on Australia's Great Barrier Reef (GBR) to determine the potential response of large-bodied tropical fishes to ocean warming through behavioural modification. 3. Using passive acoustic telemetry of 36 tagged individuals, we found that both core use areas (50%KUD) and home range extent (95%KUD) varied with respect to location, season, body size, and temperature. Average home range extent (95%KUD) for tagged P. leopardus was 0.32km2 at the high-latitude location (Heron Island) compared to 0.23km2 at the low-latitude location (Opal Reef). However, core use areas (50%KUD) did not differ significantly between the two locations. 4. Seasonal differences were also apparent at both locations with P. leopardus showing contraction in home range extent during the summertime. This effect was most pronounced at the low-latitude location where home range was significantly reduced during summer when temperatures exceeded 27°C. 5. Taken together our findings indicate that higher ambient temperature may elicit a sustained and significant decline in space use by a commercially important reef fish. Given projected increases in ocean temperature due to global climate change, large-bodied reef fishes may be increasingly constrained in their movement and space use, which will have ramifications for individual fitness, population viability, fisheries productivity and ecological function.
Goniobranchus leopardus SPAdes preassembly
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Data from: Habitat use of the ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) in Brazilian Amazon
Amazonia forest plays a major role in providing ecosystem services for human and sanctuaries for wildlife. However, ongoing deforestation and habitat fragmentation in the Brazilian Amazon has threatened both. The ocelot is an ecologically important mesopredator and a potential conservation ambassador species, yet there are no previous studies on its habitat preference and spatial patterns in this biome. From 2010 to 2017, twelve sites were surveyed, totaling 899 camera trap stations, the largest known dataset for this species. Using occupancy modeling incorporating spatial autocorrelation, we assessed habitat use for ocelot populations across the Brazilian Amazon. Our results revealed a positive sigmoidal correlation between remote‐sensing derived metrics of forest cover, disjunct core area density, elevation, distance to roads, distance to settlements and habitat use, and that habitat use by ocelots was negatively associated with slope and distance to river/lake. These findings shed light on the regional scale habitat use of ocelots and indicate important species–habitat relationships, thus providing valuable information for conservation management and land‐use planning.
FIGURE 1 in Laccobius leopardus sp. nov. from the Western Cape of South Africa (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)
FIGURE 1. Morphology and habitat of Laccobius species. a) L. leopardus sp. nov. holotype dorsal habitus. b) L. leopardus sp. nov. paratype head and pronotum. c) L. caffer dorsal habitus. d) L. leopardus sp. nov. aedeagus ventral and lateral views. e) L. caffer aedeagus ventral and lateral views. f) L. leopardus sp. nov. type locality: South Africa, Western Cape, Cederberg, Matjies River at Matjiesrivier Reserve ca. 3 km N of Cederberg Oasis (photo: D.T. Bilton). Scale bars a–c = 1 mm; d–e = 500 Μm.
Supplementary Information: Video data files: Gray et al. Caught on camera: Ocelot, Leopardus pardalis (Mammalia: Felidae) predation on foam nests of Savage's thin-toed frog, Leptodactylus savagei (Amphibia: Leptodactylidae)
<p>Supplementary Information: Original camera trap footage for Gray, Ibáñez, Barrios & Potvin: Caught on camera: Ocelot, <i>Leopardus pardalis </i>(Mammalia: Felidae) predation on foam nests of Savage's thin-toed frog, <i>Leptodactylus savagei</i> (Amphibia: Leptodactylidae). </p><p> </p>
Goniobranchus leopardus SPAdes preassembly
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Goniobranchus leopardus decontaminated FSCR
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On following pages: 16. Colocolo (Leopardus colocolo); 17. Andean Mountain Cat (Leopardus jacobitus); 18. Oncilla (Leopardus tigrinus); 19. Kodkod (Leopardus guigna); 20. Geoffroy's Cat (Leopardus geoffroyi). in Felidae
On following pages: 16. Colocolo (Leopardus colocolo); 17. Andean Mountain Cat (Leopardus jacobitus); 18. Oncilla (Leopardus tigrinus); 19. Kodkod (Leopardus guigna); 20. Geoffroy's Cat (Leopardus geoffroyi).
Subspecies and Distribution. P. p. pardus Linnaeus, 1758 — Sudan and NE Zaire. P. p. adersi Pocock, 1932 — Zanzibar I (could be extinct). P. p. adusta Pocock, 1927 — Ethiopian highlands. P. p. ciscaucasicus Satunin, 1914 — Caucasus mountains. P. p. dathei Zukowsky, 1959 — S and C Iran (of dubious validity). P. p. delacouri Pocock, 1930 — S China to Malay Peninsula. P. p. fusca Meyer, 1794 — Indian subcontinent. P. p. japonensis Gray, 1862 — NC China. P. p. jarvisi Pocock, 1932 — Sinai Peninsula. P. p. kotiya Deraniyagala, 1949 — Sri Lanka. P. p. leopardus Schreber, 1777 — Rain forests of W and C Africa. P. p. melanotica Gunther, 1775 — S Africa. P. p. melas Cuvier, 1809 — Java. P. p. nanopardus Thomas, 1904 — Somali arid zone. P. p. nimr Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1833 —S Israel to Arabian peninsula. P. p. orientalis Schlegel, 1857 — Russian Far East, Korea, and NE China. P. p. panthera Schreber, 1777 — N Africa. P. p. pernigra Gray, 1863 — Kashmir through Nepal to SW Xizang and Sichuan. P. p. reichenow: Cabrera, 1918 — Savannas of Cameroon. P. p. ruwenzori Camerano, 1906 — Ruwenzori and Virunga mountains of Zaire, Rwanda, and Burundi. P. p. saxicolor Pocock, 1927 — N Iran and S Turkmenistan E to Afghanistan. P. p. sindica Pocock, 1930 — SE Afghanistan through W and S Pakistan. P. p. suahelicus Neumann, 1900 — E Africa, from Kenya S to Mozambique. P. p. tulliana Valenciennes, 1856 — Turkey. in Felidae
Subspecies and Distribution. P. p. pardus Linnaeus, 1758 — Sudan and NE Zaire. P. p. adersi Pocock, 1932 — Zanzibar I (could be extinct). P. p. adusta Pocock, 1927 — Ethiopian highlands. P. p. ciscaucasicus Satunin, 1914 — Caucasus mountains. P. p. dathei Zukowsky, 1959 — S and C Iran (of dubious validity). P. p. delacouri Pocock, 1930 — S China to Malay Peninsula. P. p. fusca Meyer, 1794 — Indian subcontinent. P. p. japonensis Gray, 1862 — NC China. P. p. jarvisi Pocock, 1932 — Sinai Peninsula. P. p. kotiya Deraniyagala, 1949 — Sri Lanka. P. p. leopardus Schreber, 1777 — Rain forests of W and C Africa. P. p. melanotica Gunther, 1775 — S Africa. P. p. melas Cuvier, 1809 — Java. P. p. nanopardus Thomas, 1904 — Somali arid zone. P. p. nimr Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1833 —S Israel to Arabian peninsula. P. p. orientalis Schlegel, 1857 — Russian Far East, Korea, and NE China. P. p. panthera Schreber, 1777 — N Africa. P. p. pernigra Gray, 1863 — Kashmir through Nepal to SW Xizang and Sichuan. P. p. reichenow: Cabrera, 1918 — Savannas of Cameroon. P. p. ruwenzori Camerano, 1906 — Ruwenzori and Virunga mountains of Zaire, Rwanda, and Burundi. P. p. saxicolor Pocock, 1927 — N Iran and S Turkmenistan E to Afghanistan. P. p. sindica Pocock, 1930 — SE Afghanistan through W and S Pakistan. P. p. suahelicus Neumann, 1900 — E Africa, from Kenya S to Mozambique. P. p. tulliana Valenciennes, 1856 — Turkey.
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