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621 results for “Methodology”
BRAIN Journal-Swarm Robotics with Circular Formation Motion Including Obstacles Avoidance-Figure 4: Methodology flowchart
<p>The detailed methodology approach is given in Figure 4:</p> <p>a) Generate a random number of robots to have a swarm.<br> b) Organize the robots in circular formations, where every robot will be in a group related to<br> circular formation. This means every circular formation is a cycle that has cyclic groups of robots<br> on its circumference as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3. We might have more than one circular<br> formation.<br> c) Move the robots forward in a steady state.<br> d) Avoiding obstacles in case of facing an obstacle, and the swarm must adapt itself based on<br> the type of the obstacle. Various types of obstacles will be considered.<br> e) The swarm reorganizes itself after avoiding the obstacle in the same way as it was before<br> facing the obstacle. </p>
BRAIN Journal-Swarm Robotics with Circular Formation Motion Including Obstacles Avoidance-Figure 1b.The five steps of Methodology Approach
<p>The General diagram of the proposed approach is shown in Figure 1.</p> <p>A fundamental problem in collective robotics is to have the group organize into global formations or patterns. These include simple patterns like circles, lines, uniform distribution within a circle or square, etc. In the presence of a central controller, these tasks are trivial, but this is not the case in a distributed system. The main goal is to have self-autonomy robots, where each behaves independently from the others based its surrounding environment including other robots' behavior. Each robot might not be aware that it works within a group. Ducatelle et al.(Ducatelle, Di Caro, Pinciroli, Mondada, & Gambardella, 2011) proposed a collective behavior based on network routing, capable of guiding a robot from a source area to a target. Similarly to what happens in packet routing, the robots keep a table of the distance of other robots with respect to the target. A robot can then use the entries in the table and reach the target. </p>
BRAIN Journal-A Robust Approach of Facial Orientation Recognition from Facial Features-Figure 3. The methodology flowchart
<p>The methodology of our experimental method is described in Figure 3 below.</p> <p>It helps to write our code in C# and to make an application in dot net framework, which collects facial images using a webcam/or other video grabbing tools. Then it implements Haar detection to extract facial features and to draw image pattern for matching both images. </p>
Prototyping 3D Virtual Learning Environments with X3D-based Content and Visualization Tools-Figure 12. Diagram of the proposed working methodology
<p>The chart below (Figure 12) summarizes the workflow recommended for the implementation of a prototype of a 3D online campus.</p>
A Genetic Algorithm Approach to Regenerate Image from a Reduce Scaled Image Using Bit Data Count-Figure 6. Methodology
<p>Our method will first resize the image using normal image resizing option provided by operating system or standard library and attach the extra 2 array of data which contains no of 1 in original image in each row and column. Also, the total no of 1 in that image will be present too.</p>
A Genetic Algorithm Approach to Regenerate Image from a Reduce Scaled Image Using Bit Data Count-Figure 7. Basic Methodology
<p>As in figure 7 we are storing the extra data which is look like figure 8. Where a 20*20 size image of alphabet ‘A’ data has been stored. When we regenerate image, we are using these data.</p>
Leaf wound induced ultraweak photon emission is suppressed under anoxic stress: observations of Spathiphyllum under aerobic and anaerobic conditions using novel in vivo methodology
<p>Dataset for paper: ABSTRACT: </p> <p>Plants have evolved a variety of means to energetically sense and respond to abiotic and biotic environmental stress. Two typical photochemical signaling responses involve the emission of volatile organic compounds and light. The emission of certain leaf wound volatiles and light are mutually dependent upon oxygen which is subsequently required for the wound-induced lipoxygenase reactions that trigger the formation of fatty acids and hydroperoxides; ultimately leading to photon emission by chlorophyll molecules. A low noise photomultiplier with sensitivity in the visible spectrum (300 – 720 nm) is used to continuously measure long duration ultraweak photon emission of dark-adapting whole <em>Spathiphyllum</em>leaves (<em>in vivo</em>). Leaves were mechanically wounded after two hours of dark adaptation in aerobic and anaerobic conditions. It was found that (1) nitrogen incubation did not affect the pre-wound basal photocounts; (2) wound induced leaf biophoton emission was significantly suppressed when under anoxic stress; and (3) the aerobic wound induced emission spectra observed was > 650 nm, implicating chlorophyll as the likely emitter. Limitations of the PMT photocathode’s radiant sensitivity, however, prevented accurate analysis from 700 – 720 nm. Further examination of leaf wounding profile photon counts revealed that the pre-wounding basal state (aerobic and anoxic), the anoxic wounding state, and the post-wounding aerobic state statistics all approximate a Poisson distribution. It is additionally observed that aerobic wounding induces two distinct exponential decay events. These observations contribute to the body of plant wound-induced luminescence research and provide a novel methodology to measure this phenomenon <em>in vivo</em>.</p>
Bayesian Methodology: An overview with the help of R software
<p>Bayesian methodology differs from traditional statistical methodology which involves frequentist approach. Bayesian methodology was introduced by Thomas Bayes (Statistician and minister at the Presbyterian Chapel) during the 18<sup>th</sup> Century. Bayesian methodology is now widely being used due to its simple, straightforward and interpretable characteristics of probability values and the efficiency of modern day computer systems.</p> <p>Bayesian methodology is now being used in the field of clinical research, clinical trials, epidemiology, econometrics, statistical process control, marketing research and statistical mechanics. It also used in the emerging field such as data science (machine learning and deep learning) and big data analytics.</p> <p>The book provides an overview of Bayesian methodology, its uses in different fields with the help of R statistical open source software.</p> <p><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07QCHTR54">https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07QCHTR54</a></p> <p><strong>ISBN-13: 978-1092939898</strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Editor</strong></p> <p><strong>International Journal of Statistics and Medical Informatics</strong></p> <p><a href="http://www.ijsmi.com/book.php"><strong>www.ijsmi.com/book.php</strong></a></p>
A Methodology for the Fast Identification and Monitoring of Microplastics in Environmental Samples using Random Decision Forest Classifiers
<p>This short video shows the results of the application of a classifier for microplastics as described by Hufnagl et al. (2019).</p> <p> </p> <p>If you reuse this video please cite</p> <p> </p> <p>Hufnagl, B., Steiner, D., Renner, Löder, M. G. J., Laforsch, C. and Lohninger, H. <em>A Methodology for the Fast Identification and Monitoring of Microplastics in</em><em> Environmental Samples using Random Decision Forest Classifiers,</em> Analytical Methods, 2019, DOI:10.1039/C9AY00252A</p>
Critical examination of methodologies
<p>During the third Project Presentation Session on <strong>Monday 29.07.2019</strong> 14:15 - 15:45 the following 3 projects were presented:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Thomas C. Messerli</strong> & J. Berenike Herrmann (University of Basel, Switzerland): "Text-analysis after the Machine Learning turn: Evaluation in online book reviews"</li> <li><strong>Grzegorz Paweł Bryda</strong> (Institute of Sociology, Jagiellonian University, Poland): "From Paradigm To The Research Method. The Domain Ontology As A Model Of Knowledge Representation About The Contemporary Field Of Qualitative Research"</li> <li><strong>Sayan Bhattacharyya</strong> (Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore): "Digital Curation For World-literature Pedagogy At The Global Crossing Point of Singapore"</li> </ul>
Figure 1 in Development of experimental mesocosms for cicada nymphs Graptopsaltria nigrofuscata: methodology and research recommendations
Figure 1. Photographs of the mesocosm experiment. (A) a final instar nymph of Graptopsaltria nigrofuscata cicada in a mesocosm cage. (B) An empty burrow made by a cicada nymph. The nymph might feed on larch root at the interior of burrow. Photographs were taken at the end of mesocosm experiment (7 July).
Fig. 2 in A new methodology to evaluate entomopathogenic fungi and formulated insecticides to control adults of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)
Fig. 2. The mortality proportion of Aedes aegypti females caused by isolates of Beauveria spp. at 20 d afer application. Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals back-transformed from the logistic scale. An asterisk (*) indicates that the treatment was significantly different from the control.
Fig. 1 in A new methodology to evaluate entomopathogenic fungi and formulated insecticides to control adults of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)
Fig. 1. Adults of Aedes aegypti L. contained inside a Petri dish covered with tulle: (a) Petri dish; (b) tulle; (c) straw; (d) natural rubber band.
Figs 1-6 in Minimizing the damage: a methodological proposal to remove the brains of anurans and squamates
Figs 1-6, Step-by-step dissection of an anuran brain: 1, specimen condition before the dissection; 2, cross-section cuts; 3, lifting the skin; 4, bones cut off surrounding the brain; 5, bones cut off straightly toward the nostrils; 6, eXposed brain. The red dots represent the points of insertion of the scissors. The arrows in figures 3 and 4 represent the direction of the movement. The arrow in figure 6 represents the medulla oblongata.
Figs 7-11 in Minimizing the damage: a methodological proposal to remove the brains of anurans and squamates
Figs 7-11, Step-by-step dissection of a snake brain: 7, sagittal cut from the upper edge of the rostral scale toward the occipital scales; 8, transversal cut from the posterior edge of the supraocular scale toward the other supraocular scale; 9, lifting the skin. The junction of the frontal bone with the parietal is highlighted, and the red dot represents the point of the insertion of the scissors; 10, bones cut off straightly toward following the sagittal/medial plane; 11, exposed brain. The arrow in figure 7 is pointing to the square bone. The arrow in figure 10 represents the direction of the movement. The arrow in figure 11 represents the medulla oblongata.
Fig. 3 in Diversity, distribution, and methodological considerations of haemosporidian infections among Galliformes in Alaska
Fig. 3. Location prevalence for individuals testing positive (P) and negative (N) for all three genera of haemosporidian parasites. Regionality is defined as follows: Arctic: Arctic Coastal Plain, Brooks Range, Finger Mountain. Interior: Eagle Summit, Minto, Galena, Denali Highway, Taylor Highway, Fairbanks Area, Farewell. Southcentral: Palmer, Eureka. Southcoastal: Lake Clark National Park and Preserve, Kenai, Thompson Pass. Southeast: Lemesurier Island.
Fig. 1 in Diversity, distribution, and methodological considerations of haemosporidian infections among Galliformes in Alaska
Fig. 1. Map of sampling locations in Alaska. Circles show the number of samples for each grouse and ptarmigan species collected at each study site. Description of precise locations located in supplementary materials (Table A). Free vector and raster map from Natural Earth (https://www.naturalearthdata.com).
Fig. 4 in Diversity, distribution, and methodological considerations of haemosporidian infections among Galliformes in Alaska
Fig. 4. Hatch year (HY) ruffed grouse, rock ptarmigan, willow ptarmigan, spruce grouse, sharp tailed grouse, and white-tailed ptarmigan individuals testing positive for at least one parasite genus. This figure aggregates all years sampled for 27 individuals. Hatch year individuals are less than three months old at the time of sampling, with the exception of individuals sampled in January and March where age is less than 10 months old. P = positive, N = negative.
Fig. 2 in Diversity, distribution, and methodological considerations of haemosporidian infections among Galliformes in Alaska
Fig. 2. Classification tree displaying the determining variables displaying the highest significance of association with host infection status. Y indicates positive infection status, and N indicates negative infection status. Each node represents the number of positive and negative infections associated with each determining variable(s), where the black fill represents the proportion of positive infections associated with each variable or combination of variables. The variable bio5 is the maximum temperature of the warmest month.
FIGURE 8 in Application of shell spiral deviation methodology to fossil brachiopods: Implications for obtaining specimen ontogenetic ages
FIGURE 8. Example of two fossil brachiopod species, Rafinesquina sp. (left) and Pseudoatrypa sp. (right), which generated problematic spiral deviation graphs. 1, Ventral view 2, Longitudinal-sectional view 3, Spiral fitting 4, Spiral deviations graphs.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.