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302 results for “Microplastics”
Data and code for the publication "Flooding frequency and floodplain topography determine abundance of microplastics in an alluvial Rhine soil"
<p><strong>Background</strong></p> <p>The dataset contains data on soil properties and microplastic abundance in soil samples taken in Langel-Merkenich (Cologne, Germany). It was analysed in the paper by M. Rolf, H. Laermanns, L. Kienzler, C. Pohl, J.N. Möller, C. Laforsch, M.G.J. Löder and C. Bogner, “Flooding frequency and floodplain topography determine abundance of microplastics in an alluvial Rhine soil” <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155141">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155141</a>) published in Science of the Total Environment.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Description of the dataset</strong></p> <p>The zipped folder</p> <ul> <li><strong>data.zip</strong> contains subfolders <strong>imagelab_data</strong> (contains microplastics data by depth and the blanks), <strong>additional_data</strong> (weights of aliquots and polymer densities) and <strong>soil_data</strong> (data on soil properties and images of soil profiles).</li> <li><strong>images.zip</strong> contains the workflow diagram, which is plotted in the R notebook Data_read_in.Rmd.</li> <li><strong>results.zip</strong> contains the results of reading and wrangling of microplastics data.</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p><strong>Description of the code</strong></p> <p>The R notebooks *.Rmd contain the code to read and wrangle the microplastics data (Data_read_in_corrected.Rmd), analyse and plot it (Analysis_plots_MP.Rmd) and plot data on soil properties (Plots_soil_data.Rmd).</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Disclaimer</strong></p> <p>The data and code are provided as is without any warranty.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Funding</strong></p> <p>Funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) -– Project Number 391977956 –- SFB 1357.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <p>M. Rolf, H. Laermanns, L. Kienzler, C. Pohl, J.N. Möller, C. Laforsch, M.G.J. Löder and C. Bogner, “Flooding frequency and floodplain topography determine abundance of microplastics in an alluvial Rhine soil” <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155141">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155141</a></p> <p>R Core Team, 2021, R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing, R Foundation for Statistical Computing, https://www.R-project.org/</p>
Data set to 'Microplastics in aquaculture - potential impacts on inflammatory processes in Nile tilapia'
<p>Raw and analyzed data sets to the publication 'Microplastics in aquaculture - potential impacts on inflammatory processes in Nile tilapia'</p>
Data and code from: Soil decomposer can regulate the legacy effect of photodegradation on forest marcescent litter decomposition, but emerging microplastics disrupt this
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Data from: Impacts of weathered microplastic ingestion on gastrointestinal microbial communities and health endpoints in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas)
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Microplastic additions modulate intraspecific variability in root traits and mycorrhizal responses across root-life history strategies
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The more microplastic types pollute the soil, the stronger the growth suppression of invasive alien and native plants
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Data from: Personality determines population-level effects of microplastics consumption in a modelled population of stream-dwelling rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
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Microplastics effects on marine microbial communities and their functioning
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Phylum level phytoplankton composition and FTIR spectra for body wash microplastics and plant-based scrub particles from a 7-day summer 2016 surface mesocosm experiment in Otsego Lake, NY, USA
We tested the effects of two types of microplastics, 50 µm polystyrene (PS) calibration beads and polylactic acid (PLA) plastic body wash scrub particles, and one type of plant-derived body wash scrub particle on a natural phytoplankton assemblage through a 7-day mesocosm incubation experiment in a temperate, mesotrophic lake (Otsego Lake, Otsego County, NY, USA) in summer 2016.
Microplastic and macroplastic yearly emission maps for Switzerland
<p>Dataset connected to the following publication:</p> <p><strong>Title: </strong><em>A proxy-based approach to predict spatially resolved emissions of macro- and microplastic to the environment</em><br> <strong>Authors:</strong> Delphine Kawecki; Bernd Nowack<br> <strong>Journal:</strong> Science of the Total Environment<br> <strong>Year: </strong>2020<br> <strong>DOI: </strong>10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141137</p> <p><strong>Contents:</strong><br> - Raster maps of emissions to soil and air<br> - Shapefiles of emissions to lakes and rivers</p> <p>Separate files are provided for:<br> - the seven different polymers included in the study: LDPE, HDPE, PP, PS, EPS, PVC, PET<br> - the two sizes of plastic modelled: macroplastic and microplastic (files for microplastic contain the string "MP")<br> - the maps created using the mean, the 5th percentile and the 95th percentile of the original emission flows<br> - the receiving environmental compartment: soil, air, rivers and lakes</p> <p>For a detailed description of the method, see the publication.</p>
Dataset of Paper: "Evaluation of membranes performance for microplastic removal in a simple and low-cost filtration system"
<p>Dataset of Paper: "Evaluation of membranes performance for microplastic removal in a simple and low-cost filtration system":</p> <ul> <li>Zeta potential curves as a function of pH</li> <li>Results of transmembrane pressure (TMP) and flow rate of the filtration experiments. Average transmembrane pressure drop (ΔTMP) and flux (J) after 10 min of operation.</li> <li>Total number of unremoved microplastic particles per litre (NTMP), average size (DMP), and mass removal efficiency (MRE%) of each membrane when filtering water with 100 mg/L of PA and PS</li> </ul>
Microplastic contamination in Corpus Christi Bay blue crabs, Callinectes sapidus
<p>Microplastic pollution has been observed in marine environments around the world and has the potential to negatively impact marine organisms when ingested. One organism of particular concern is the blue crab, <i>Callinectes sapidus</i>, whose feeding strategies increase their likelihood of exposure to plastic pollution. To assess microplastic contamination in blue crabs, 39 individuals were collected from Corpus Christi Bay, TX and processed using a hydrogen-peroxide based tissue destruction method followed by confirmation using micro-attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (µ-FTIR). From the 39 blue crabs sampled, 28 fully synthetic fragments and fibers and 24 semi-synthetic fibers were found within their stomachs. After correcting for possible contamination, 36% of collected blue crabs were estimated to contain 20 synthetic fragments and fibers and 14 semi-synthetic fibers (0.87 items crab<sup>-1</sup>). This study shows that blue crabs ingest microplastic items in Corpus Christi, TX and populations in other locations likely face similar risks.</p>
EnderScope: A low-cost 3D printer based scanning microscope for microplastic detection
<p>The EnderScope is a novel, low-cost microscope for automated scanning and detection of microplastics in filtered seawater samples. This microscope is based on the mechanics of a low-cost 3D printer (Creality Ender 3). The hotend of the printer is replaced with an optics module, allowing for the reliable and calibrated motion system of the 3D printer to be used for automated scanning over a large area (>20x20 cm). </p> <p>Here we present the optical and mechanical validtion of the EnderScope. Along with data from some proof of concept experiments that show the EnderScope is capable of detecting plastics in environmental seawater samples.</p>
Fifty-year study of microplastics ingested by brachyuran and fish larvae in the central English North Sea - Data
<p>Data for the publication "Priscilla Carrillo-Barragan; Clare Fitzsimmons; Hannah Lloyd-Hartley; Ashleigh Tinlin-Mackenzie; Catherine Scott; Heather Sugden, 2024. Fifty-year study of microplastics ingested by brachyuran and fish larvae in the central English North Sea. Environmental Pollution. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123060">10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123060</a></p>
Suspected microplastic counts and characteristics in fish muscle and gastrointestinal tissue
<p>Microplastics, or particles <5mm in diameter, comprise a significant portion of marine plastic pollution. These particles can be directly or indirectly taken up by fish and have been detected in multiple fish tissues. Ingestion of plastic particles was recently reported for free-ranging bottlenose dolphins (<em>Tursiops</em> <em>truncatus</em>) inhabiting Sarasota Bay, FL, USA, a community that also has prevalent exposure to plasticizers (i.e., phthalates) at concentrations higher than human reference populations. The sources of these exposures for Sarasota Bay bottlenose dolphins are currently unknown, but plastic-contaminated prey could be a possible vector. To test this hypothesis, muscle and the contents and tissues of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) from prey fish collected in Sarasota Bay were screened for suspected plastic particles, and particle properties (e.g., color, shape, surface texture) were compared to those observed in gastric samples from bottlenose dolphins. In total, 29 fish across four species (hardhead catfish, <em>Ariopsis</em> <em>felis</em> (n=2); pigfish, <em>Orthopristis</em> <em>chrysoptera</em> (n=12); pinfish, <em>Lagodon</em> <em>rhomboides</em> (n=10); and Gulf toadfish, <em>Opsanus</em> <em>beta</em> (n=5)) were collected from two sampling stations in Sarasota Bay, FL during September 2022. Suspected plastic particles were observed in 97% of fish (n=28), and particle abundance was higher for GIT tissue than muscle. Fish and dolphin samples contained fibers and films; however, foams were most abundant in dolphin samples and not observed in fish. Fragments, including tire wear particles (TWP), were not observed in dolphin samples, TWP fragments were not observed in bottlenose dolphin gastric samples, but 23.1% and 32.0% of fish muscle and GIT samples, respectively, contained at least one TWP fragment. While some similarities in particle properties were shared between dolphins and fish, small sample sizes and incongruent findings for foams and TWP particles suggest that further investigation is warranted to understand the potential for trophic transfer.</p>
Data from: No effect of realistic concentrations of polyester microplastic fibers on freshwater zooplankton communities
<p>Zooplankton are a conduit of energy from autotrophic phytoplankton to higher trophic levels, and they can be a primary point of entry of microplastics into the aquatic food chain. Investigating how zooplankton communities are affected by microplastic pollution is thus a key step towards understanding ecosystem-level effects of these global and ubiquitous contaminants. Although the number of studies investigating the biological effects of microplastics has grown exponentially in the last decade, the majority have used controlled laboratory experiments to quantify the impacts of microplastics on individual species. Given that all organisms live in multi-species communities in nature, here we use an outdoor 1130L mesocosm experiment to investigate the effects of microplastic exposure on natural assemblages of zooplankton. We endeavored to simulate an environmentally relevant exposure scenario by manually creating ~270,000 0.015mm x 1-1.5mm polyester fibers and inoculating mesocosms with zero, low (10 particles/L) or high (50 particles/L) concentrations. We recorded zooplankton abundance and community composition three times throughout the 12-week study. We found no effect of microplastics on zooplankton abundance, Shannon diversity, or Pielou's evenness. NMDS plots also revealed no effects of microplastics on zooplankton community composition. Our study provides a necessary and realistic baseline upon which future studies can build. Because numerous other stressors faced by zooplankton (e.g. food limitation, eutrophication, warming temperatures, pesticides) are likely to exacerbate the effects of microplastics, we caution against concluding that polyester microfibers will always have no effect on zooplankton communities. Instead, we encourage future studies to investigate the triple threats of habitat degradation, climate warming, and microplastic pollution on zooplankton community health.</p>
Dataset of paper "Evaluation Of Microplastics Release From Solar Water Disinfection Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) And Polypropylene Containers"
<p>Dataset of paper "Evaluation Of Microplastics Release From Solar Water Disinfection Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) And Polypropylene Containers":</p><ul><li>Effect of the underlying glass fiber (GF) filter on the baseline of an HDPE MP microreflectance spectrum.</li><li>Comparison between the spectrum of a particle collected from the treated water and the spectrum of pristine high-density polyethylene polymer.</li><li>Number of total microplastics (high-density polyethylene and polypropylene) found in PET bottles.</li><li>Number of total microplastics (high-density polyethylene and polypropylene) found in TJC containers.</li><li>Comparison between the spectrum of PP particles recovered after 10 weeks of exposure time.</li><li>Number of microplastics identified as polypropylene and weathered polypropylene in the samples corresponding to the translucent jerrycans containers.</li><li>Number of microplastics identified as polypropylene and weathered polypropylene in the samples corresponding to the transparent jerrycans containers.</li><li>Number of polypropylene microplastics found in the translucent and transparent jerrycans containers.</li><li>Number of microplastics found in PET bottles and TJC containers.</li><li>Size of the microplastics found in the study. </li><li>Abundance of each target polymer found in the study based on the measured minor particle dimension.</li></ul>
Data for "Laundry to Laboratory: Automated Image Analysis for the Characterization of Fibrous Microplastics"
<p>This repository contains a representative subset of filter paper images used to evaluate the various experimental conditions in the manuscript "Laundry to Laboratory: Automated Image Analysis for the Characterization of Fibrous Microplastics." </p>
The effects of microplastics on crop variation depend on polymer types and their interactions with soil nutrient availability and weed competition
<p>Microplastics pollution of agricultural soil is a global environmental concern because of its potential risk to food security and human health. Although many studies have tested the direct effects of microplastics on growth of <em>Eruca sativa</em> Mill., little is known about whether these effects are regulated by fertilization and weed competition in field management practices.</p> <p>Here, we performed a greenhouse experiment growing <em>E. sativa</em> as target species in a three-factorial design with two levels of fertilization (low versus. high), two levels of weed competition treatments (weed competition versus no weed competition) and five levels of microplastic treatments (no microplastics, Polybutylene adipateco-terephthalate [PBAT], Polybutylene succinate [PBS], Polycaprolactone [PCL] or Polypropylene [PP]).</p> <p>Compared to the soil without microplastics, PBS and PCL reduced aboveground biomass and leaf number of the <em>E. sativa</em>. PBS also resulted in increased root allocation and thicker roots in <em>E. sativa</em>. In addition, fertilization significantly mitigated the negative effects of PBS and PCL on aboveground biomass of <em>E. sativa</em>, but weed competition significantly promoted these effects. Although fertilization alleviated the negative effect of PBS on aboveground biomass, such alleviation became weaker under weed competition than when <em>E. sativa</em> grew alone.</p> <p>The results indicate that the effects of specific polymer types on <em>E. sativa</em> growth could be regulated by fertilization, weed management, and even their interactions. Therefore, reasonable on-farm management practices may help in mitigating the negative effects of microplastics pollution on <em>E. sativa</em> growth in agricultural fields.</p>
Data and code for the publication "Multi-method analysis of microplastic distribution by flood frequency and local topography in Rhine floodplains"
<p><strong>Background</strong></p> <p>The dataset contains data on soil properties and microplastic abundance in soil samples taken in the floodplains Langel-Merkenich, Poller Wiesen and Westhovener Aue (Cologne, Germany). They were analysed in the paper by M. Rolf, H. Laermanns, J. Horn, L. Kienzler, C. Pohl, G. Dierkes, S. Kernchen, C. Laforsch, M.G.J. Löder and C. Bogner, “Multi-method analysis of microplastic distribution by flood frequency and local topography in Rhine floodplains” <a title="Persistent link using digital object identifier" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171927" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171927</a>) published in Science of the Total Environment.</p>
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