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opencc-by-4.0May 2014View details →

Figure 3 in Molecular systematics and phylogeography of Bufotes variabilis (syn. Pseudepidalea variabilis) (Pallas, 1769) in Turkey

Figure 3. Mismatch distributions for different population subsets of genus Bufotes compared to the expected frequencies under the demographic expansion model (a = B. viridis, b = lineage 1 of B. variabilis, c = lineage 2 of B. variabilis).

opencc-by-4.0May 2014View details →

Figure 1 in Molecular systematics and phylogeography of Bufotes variabilis (syn. Pseudepidalea variabilis) (Pallas, 1769) in Turkey

Figure 1. Map of Turkey, Greece, Albania, Russia, and Azerbaijan showing localities of samples sequenced for this study and haplotype group (Bufotes viridis, lineage 1, and lineage 2 of B. variabilis) assignments for populations based on phylogenetic analyses.

Fig. 3 in Molecular phylogenetics and systematics of two enteric helminth parasites (Baylisascaris laevis and Diandrya vancouverensis) in the Vancouver Island marmot (Marmota vancouverensis)

Fig. 3. Bayesian consensus phylogram based on Baylisascaris and outgroup alignments of concatenated nuclear sequences (28S, ITS, and ard1) from GenBank and this study (B. laevis). Branch labels represent Bayesian posterior probabilities. Branch lengths are scaled to expected number of substitutions per site. Abbreviations refer to sampling sites (AK = Alaska, ID = Idaho, CT = Connecticut; IL = Illinois; CA = California; WV = West Virginia; ALB = Alberta). See also Table 1.

Fig. 2 in Molecular phylogenetics and systematics of two enteric helminth parasites (Baylisascaris laevis and Diandrya vancouverensis) in the Vancouver Island marmot (Marmota vancouverensis)

Fig. 2. Bayesian consensus phylogram based on Baylisascaris and outgroup alignments of concatenated mitochondrial sequences (12S, cox1, and cox2) from GenBank and this study (B. laevis). Branch labels represent Bayesian posterior probabilities. Branch lengths are scaled to expected number of substitutions per site. Abbreviations refer to sampling sites (AK = Alaska, ID = Idaho, CT = Connecticut; IL = Illinois; CA = California; WV = West Virginia; ALB = Alberta). See also Table 1.

Fig. 1 in Molecular phylogenetics and systematics of two enteric helminth parasites (Baylisascaris laevis and Diandrya vancouverensis) in the Vancouver Island marmot (Marmota vancouverensis)

Fig. 1. Known geographic distributions of Baylisascaris laevis and Diandrya composita in North America.

Fig. 4 in Molecular phylogenetics and systematics of two enteric helminth parasites (Baylisascaris laevis and Diandrya vancouverensis) in the Vancouver Island marmot (Marmota vancouverensis)

Fig. 4. Bayesian consensus phylogram based on Baylisascaris and outgroup alignments of concatenated mitochondrial (12S, cox1, and cox2) and nuclear sequences (28S, ITS, and ard1) from GenBank and this study (B. laevis). Branch labels represent Bayesian posterior probabilities. Branch lengths are scaled to expected number of substitutions per site. Abbreviations refer to sampling sites (AK = Alaska, ID = Idaho, CT = Connecticut; IL = Illinois; CA = California; WV = West Virginia; ALB = Alberta). See also Table 1.

opencc-zeroOct 2024View details →

Linked collectors and determiners for: Revisiting the taxonomy and molecular systematics of Sesamia stemborers (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Apameini: Sesamiina): updated classification and comparative evaluation of species delimitation methods.

Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Revisiting the taxonomy and molecular systematics of Sesamia stemborers (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Apameini: Sesamiina): updated classification and comparative evaluation of species delimitation methods". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/0dedf555-acec-471d-a197-0a2cfe1a1329">https://bionomia.net/dataset/0dedf555-acec-471d-a197-0a2cfe1a1329</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/0dedf555-acec-471d-a197-0a2cfe1a1329">https://gbif.org/dataset/0dedf555-acec-471d-a197-0a2cfe1a1329</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2001View details →

TABLE 1 in Towards a molecular systematics of the genus Criniger, and a preliminary phylogeny of the bulbuls (Aves, Passeriformes, Pycnonotidae)

TABLE 1. — List of samples used in this study, and their origin. Abbreviations: AMNH, American Museum of Natural History; ANSP, Academy of Natural Sciences in Philadelphia; FMNH, Field Museum of Natural History; MNHN, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle; 1, cf Chappuis & Érard 1993.<table><tbody><tr><th>Species</th><th>Origin</th><th>Collection and Number</th><th>Genbank numbers</th></tr><tr><th>12S</th><th>16S</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>Tyrannus melancholicus</th><td>South America</td><td>MNHN, n°12-33</td><td>AF386462</td><td>AF135058</td></tr><tr><th>Coracina melaschitos</th><td>Laos</td><td>MNHN, n°6-69</td><td>AF386464</td><td>AF391229</td></tr><tr><th>Corvus corone Bleda notata 1</th><td>France Nditam, Cameroon</td><td>MNHN, n°13-16 MNHN, n°2-13</td><td>AF386463 AF386474</td><td>AF094643 AF391203</td></tr><tr><th>Bleda syndactyla</th><td>“</td><td>MNHN, n°1-02</td><td>AF386466</td><td>AF391204</td></tr><tr><th>Ixonotus guttatus</th><td>Ebogo, Cameroon</td><td>MNHN, n°3-03</td><td>AF386470</td><td>AF391208</td></tr><tr><th>Baeopogon indicator</th><td>Ngambé, Cameroon</td><td>MNHN, n°2-49</td><td>AF386465</td><td>AF391205</td></tr><tr><th>Andropadus latirostris</th><td>“</td><td>MNHN, n°2-52</td><td>AF386467</td><td>AF096477</td></tr><tr><th>Andropadus virens</th><td>Nditam, Cameroon</td><td>MNHN, n°2-01</td><td>AF386477</td><td>AF391214</td></tr><tr><th>Phyllastrephus icterinus</th><td>Somalomo, Cameroon</td><td>MNHN, n°E-22</td><td>AF386469</td><td>AF391207</td></tr><tr><th>Phyllastrephus albigularis</th><td>Nditam, Cameroon</td><td>MNHN, n°1-42</td><td>AF386476</td><td>AF391213</td></tr><tr><th>Criniger chloronotus</th><td>Ituri, Zaire</td><td>FMNH, n°3774</td><td>AF386487</td><td>AF391224</td></tr><tr><th>Criniger ndussumensis</th><td>Mbouma, Cameroon</td><td>MNHN, n°3-10</td><td>AF386472</td><td>AF391210</td></tr><tr><th>Criniger calurus</th><td>Republic of Central Africa</td><td>AMNH, n°PB222</td><td>AF386483</td><td>AF391220</td></tr><tr><th>Criniger olivaceus</th><td>Liberia</td><td>AMNH, n°8275</td><td>AF386488</td><td>AF391225</td></tr><tr><th>Criniger phaeocephalus</th><td>Sabah, Borneo</td><td>ANSP, n°1058</td><td>AF386491</td><td>AF391228</td></tr><tr><th>Criniger bres</th><td>“</td><td>ANSP, n°1056</td><td>AF386490</td><td>AF391227</td></tr><tr><th>Criniger flaveolus</th><td>Umphang, Thailand</td><td>MNHN, n°4-5M</td><td>AF386478</td><td>AF391215</td></tr><tr><th>Criniger ochraceus</th><td>Khao Chong, Thailand</td><td>MNHN, n°1989-90</td><td>AF386482</td><td>AF391219</td></tr><tr><th>Criniger pallidus</th><td>Korat, Thailand</td><td>MNHN, n°4-4I</td><td>AF386471</td><td>AF391209</td></tr><tr><th>Hypsipetes criniger</th><td>Sabah, Borneo</td><td>ANSP, n°1179</td><td>AF386489</td><td>AF391226</td></tr><tr><th>Hypsipetes propinquus</th><td>Umphang, Thailand</td><td>MNHN, n°4-4D</td><td>AF386475</td><td>AF391212</td></tr><tr><th>Hypsipetes mcclellandii</th><td>“</td><td>MNHN, n°4-4H</td><td>AF386468</td><td>AF391206</td></tr><tr><th>Hypsipetes leucocephalus</th><td>Gaoligong Shan, Yunnan</td><td>MNHN, n°15-60</td><td>AF386481</td><td>AF391218</td></tr><tr><th>Hypsipetes phillipinus</th><td>Mindanao, Philippines</td><td>FMNH, n°6590</td><td>AF386486</td><td>AF391223</td></tr><tr><th>Pycnonotus finlaysoni</th><td>Umphang, Thailand</td><td>MNHN, n°4-3I</td><td>AF386473</td><td>AF391211</td></tr><tr><th>Pycnonotus atriceps</th><td>Korat, Thailand</td><td>MNHN, n°4-3C</td><td>AF386484</td><td>AF391221</td></tr><tr><th>Pycnonotus jocosus</th><td>Umphang, Thailand</td><td>MNHN, n°4-4B</td><td>AF386480</td><td>AF391217</td></tr><tr><th>Pycnonotus barbatus</th><td>Yaoundé, Cameroon</td><td>MNHN, n°2-21</td><td>AF386479</td><td>AF391216</td></tr><tr><th>Pycnonotus xanthorrhous</th><td>Gaoligong Shan, Yunnan</td><td>MNHN, n°14-19</td><td>AF386485</td><td>AF391222</td></tr></tbody></table>

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2010View details →

Fig. 1 in Molecular Systematics of Mouse Opossums (Didelphidae: Marmosa): Assessing Species Limits using Mitochondrial DNA Sequences, with Comments on Phylogenetic Relationships and Biogeography

Fig. 1. Provenance of sequenced specimens of Marmosa (localities of sequenced outgroup specimens are not shown). Numbers refer to entries in the Gazetteer (appendix).

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2010View details →

Fig. 3 in Molecular Systematics of Mouse Opossums (Didelphidae: Marmosa): Assessing Species Limits using Mitochondrial DNA Sequences, with Comments on Phylogenetic Relationships and Biogeography

Fig. 3. The maximum-likelihood tree inferred from the best-fit model of nucleotide substitution (table 4). ML bootstrap support values and Bayesian posterior probabilities are indicated above and below branches, respectively. Branch and terminal labels follow the same conventions explained in the caption to figure 2.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2010View details →

Fig. 2 in Molecular Systematics of Mouse Opossums (Didelphidae: Marmosa): Assessing Species Limits using Mitochondrial DNA Sequences, with Comments on Phylogenetic Relationships and Biogeography

Fig. 2. Strict consensus of 96 equally most-parsimonious trees (L 5 2198; CI 5 0.36; RI 5 0.80). Bootstrap support values are indicated above branches subtending species and conspecific haplogroups discussed in the text. For each terminal, country of origin, next-largest political unit (state, department, province, etc.), and an alphanumeric specimen identifier (from table 2) are provided. Numbers in parentheses refer to localities mapped in figure 1 and listed in the Gazetteer (appendix).

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2006View details →

Figure 2 in Molecular phylogeny and systematics of the Pieridae (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea): higher classification and biogeography

Figure 2. Klots' (1933) intuitive phylogeny of the Pieridae, reconstructed from his generic revision and systematic classification, and hypothetical chart of evolution of the subfamilies and main stock of the Pierinae. Dashed lines indicate uncertainty in the phylogenetic position of genera or groups of genera.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2006View details →

Figure 8 in Molecular phylogeny and systematics of the Pieridae (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea): higher classification and biogeography

Figure 8. Historical biogeographical hypothesis of the Pseudopontiinae + Dismorphiinae, with dispersal and extinction events optimized to reconcile the area cladogram. Letters designate speciation events: a, vicariance between Pseudopontiinae (Africa) and Dismorphiinae (South America), following the final break-up of Western Gondwana (Late Cretaceous); b, long-distance dispersal of the ancestor of Dismorphiinae from northern South America to northern Africa (Late Cretaceous), followed by allopatric speciation of Leptidea in northern Africa (Late Cretaceous). Numbers designate major biogeographical events: 1, dispersal (range expansion) of the ancestor of Leptidea from northern Africa to Eurasia, following contact of Africa with Eurasia (early Tertiary); 2, extinction (range contraction) of Leptidea in northern Africa following formation of the Sahara Desert (Quaternary). Once Leptidea reached Eurasia it colonized much of the Palaearctic, the Neotropical Dismorphiinae subsequently spread into Central America, whereas the Pseudopontiinae contracted to central western Africa.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2006View details →

Figure 7 in Molecular phylogeny and systematics of the Pieridae (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea): higher classification and biogeography

Figure 7. Higher classification of the Pieridae, showing two possible phylogenetic hypotheses according to the combined and all available data analyses of this study (Figs 3, 6). A, consensus tree summarizing nodes that are well supported or that are consistently recovered under different methods of analysis (maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, Bayesian inference), with a question mark denoting uncertainty in the monophyly of the Colotis group. B, fully resolved tree, with question marks denoting uncertainty among nodes and in the monophyly of the Colotis group. Four subfamilies are recognized, with the subfamily Pierinae comprising four major lineages (two tribes, two informal groups); the tribe Pierini is subdivided into five lineages (three subtribes, two subclades of uncertain status).

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2008View details →

Figure 2 in Molecular systematics of social skinks: phylogeny and taxonomy of the Egernia group (Reptilia: Scincidae)

Figure 2. Strict consensus tree of the MP and Bayesian trees, showing suggested generic break up of Egernia.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2008View details →

Figure 1. A in Molecular systematics of social skinks: phylogeny and taxonomy of the Egernia group (Reptilia: Scincidae)

Figure 1. A, the strict consensus of the six equally most parsimonious trees (each of length 3021 steps), with bootstrap proportions> 50% shown. B, Bayesian tree. Posterior probability values are shown at relevant nodes.

Figure 6 in Molecular systematics of Caribbean skinks of the genus Mabuya (Reptilia, Scincidae), with descriptions of two new species from Venezuela

Figure 6. Altitudinal distribution of the South American species of Mabuya. Each dot corresponds to the altitude of a locality of specimens examined, or to data found in the following references: De la Riva, Castroviejo & Cabot, 1992; Dunn, 1936; Rebouças-Spieker & Vanzolini, 1990; Mijares-Urrutia & Arends, 1997; Rodrigues, 2000; Mausfeld & Lötters 2001. *'Unexpected' locality of a putative specimen of Mabuya altamazonica Miralles, Barrio-Amorós, Rivas & Chaparro-Auza, 2006.

Figure 4 in Molecular systematics of Caribbean skinks of the genus Mabuya (Reptilia, Scincidae), with descriptions of two new species from Venezuela

Figure 4. Phylogenetic trees of the genus Mabuya obtained from 12S and cytochrome b sequences. A, cladogram of the strict consensus maximum parsimony (MP) tree with bootstrap values (1000 replicates; bootstrap proportions less than 50% are not shown). B, Bayesian analysis, with 50% majority rule consensus (posterior probabilities below 0.90 are unmarked). The most remarkable nodes are: (1) the genus Mabuya s.s. (exclusively neotropical clade) and (2) the Caribbean clade. Grey rectangles represent clades endemic to the Carribean region. Mountain species are marked with triangles so as to be distinguishable from lowland species. Abbreviations: Mex., Mexico; Venez., Venezuela.

Figure 1. A, B in Molecular systematics of Caribbean skinks of the genus Mabuya (Reptilia, Scincidae), with descriptions of two new species from Venezuela

Figure 1. A, B, holotype of Mabuya nebulosylvestris sp. nov. (MHNLS 17093). C, D, holotype of Mabuya zuliae sp. nov. (MHNLS 16647). The drawing (A) is symmetrically reversed, and represents the right side of the head. Scale bar: 2 mm. Illustrations by AM.

Figure 2 in Molecular systematics of Caribbean skinks of the genus Mabuya (Reptilia, Scincidae), with descriptions of two new species from Venezuela

Figure 2. Uncollected specimens of (A) Mabuya nebulosylvestris sp. nov. (from the type locality, Colonia Tovar, Aragua, Venezuela), (B) Mabuya zuliae sp. nov (from Cerro El Mirador, km 495 on the Machiques–Colón road, Zulia, Venezuela), and (C) Mabuya meridensis (in the vicinity of Mérida city, Mérida, Venezuela). Photographs by AM, TB, and CLB-A, respectively.