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Fig. 4 in Morphological Diversity in the Postcranial Skeleton of Casamayoran (?Middle to Late Eocene) Notoungulata and Foot Posture in Notoungulates

Fig. 4. Isotemnid hands: A, left manus of Anisotemnus distentus, AMNH 28906 and B, Pleurostylodon similis, AMNH 28904 shown as left, but reversed).

Fig. 15 in New Basal Interatheriidae (Typotheria, Notoungulata, Mammalia) from the Paleogene of Central Chile

Fig. 15. Bivariate plot of basal interatheriids (excluding Eopachyrucos) using upper first molar dimensions.

Fig. 13 in New Basal Interatheriidae (Typotheria, Notoungulata, Mammalia) from the Paleogene of Central Chile

Fig. 13. Upper cladogram is a consensus of all trees 71 steps or shorter. The labeled nodes are those that persist compared to the consensus tree of 70 steps and shorter (fig. 6). The lower cladogram is a consensus of trees 72 steps and shorter, with persisting nodes labeled.

Fig. 14 in New Basal Interatheriidae (Typotheria, Notoungulata, Mammalia) from the Paleogene of Central Chile

Fig. 14. Interathere phylogeny after Reguero et al. (2003b; fig. 8). Reguero et al (2003b) presented two different phylogenies using two different analytic techniques but the topologies of the trees are identical.

Fig. 11. Antepithecus brachystephanus, SGOPV 3604 in New Basal Interatheriidae (Typotheria, Notoungulata, Mammalia) from the Paleogene of Central Chile

Fig. 11. Antepithecus brachystephanus, SGOPV 3604 (referred specimen), palate, right and left dP1-dP4, right and left M1, erupting right M2, portions of the right zygoma and rostrum, occlusal view. Azufre Locality.

Fig. 12. Antepithecus brachystephanus, SGOPV 3604 in New Basal Interatheriidae (Typotheria, Notoungulata, Mammalia) from the Paleogene of Central Chile

Fig. 12. Antepithecus brachystephanus, SGOPV 3604 (referred specimen), right dP1-dP4, right M1, erupting right M2, portions of the right zygoma and rostrum, right buccal view. Azufre Locality.

Fig. 10 in New Basal Interatheriidae (Typotheria, Notoungulata, Mammalia) from the Paleogene of Central Chile

Fig. 10. Ignigena minisculus, new taxon, SGOPV 3167 (referred specimen), left mandible, p1–p3, m1, left buccal view. Tapado Fauna.

Fig. 9 in New Basal Interatheriidae (Typotheria, Notoungulata, Mammalia) from the Paleogene of Central Chile

Fig. 9. Ignigena minisculus, new taxon, SGOPV 3167 (referred specimen), left mandible, p1-p3, m1, occlusal view. Tapado Fauna.

Fig. 2 in New Basal Interatheriidae (Typotheria, Notoungulata, Mammalia) from the Paleogene of Central Chile

Fig. 2. Johnbell hatcheri, new taxon, SGOPV 3106 (holotype), left maxilla, LI3-M3, occlusal view. Tinguiririca Fauna.

Fig. 5 in New Basal Interatheriidae (Typotheria, Notoungulata, Mammalia) from the Paleogene of Central Chile

Fig. 5. Johnbell hatcheri, new taxon, SGOPV 3451 (referred specimen), partial maxillary with RP2-M2, occlusal view. Cachapoal Fauna.

Fig. 7 in New Basal Interatheriidae (Typotheria, Notoungulata, Mammalia) from the Paleogene of Central Chile

Fig. 7. Ignigena minisculus, new taxon, SGOPV 3168 (holotype), left maxillary fragment, partial zygoma, C-M3, occlusal view. Tapado Fauna.

Fig. 1 in New Basal Interatheriidae (Typotheria, Notoungulata, Mammalia) from the Paleogene of Central Chile

Fig. 1. Map of the central Chilean Andes, illustrating the broad swath of Abanico Formation and equivalent deposits (shaded) and localities/faunas referred to in the text.

Fig. 4 in New Basal Interatheriidae (Typotheria, Notoungulata, Mammalia) from the Paleogene of Central Chile

Fig. 4. Johnbell hatcheri, new taxon, SGOPV 2950 (paratype), mandibular symphysis, Ri2-3, Li1- m3, occlusal view. Tinguiririca Fauna.

Fig. 6 in New Basal Interatheriidae (Typotheria, Notoungulata, Mammalia) from the Paleogene of Central Chile

Fig. 6. Consensus of 623 equally parsimonious trees of 70 steps (branch and bound search, all characters unordered, equally weighted; for individual trees: CI 5 0.74, RI 50.86). Labeled nodes are referenced from the text. Character states supporting nodes are listed adjacent to the node (if no number is given, it is the single derived state for the character, coded as ''1''). Character states with an asterisk indicate an equivocal condition in which either the most basal member of the clade in question is missing data for that character or the outgroup to that clade is missing the data for that character. Boxed character states represent conditions identified as diagnostic of Interatheriinae sensu Hitz et al., (2000) but are shown in this study to have a broader distribution.

Fig. 3 in New Basal Interatheriidae (Typotheria, Notoungulata, Mammalia) from the Paleogene of Central Chile

Fig. 3. Johnbell hatcheri, new taxon, SGOPV 3106 (holotype), left maxilla, LI3-M3, buccal view. Tinguiririca Fauna.

Figure 27 in Craniodental anatomy of late Oligocene archaeohyracids (Notoungulata, Mammalia) from Bolivia and Argentina and new phylogenetic hypotheses

Figure 27. Phylogenetic trees of archaeohyracids plus hegetotheriids (plus mesotheriids) according to (1) a consensus on previous phylogenetic hypotheses (Cifelli, 1993; Croft et al., 2003; Simpson, 1967); (2) the present phylogenetic hypothesis. Temporal data are taken from the literature (Simpson, 1945b, 1967; Cifelli, 1985; Flynn & Swisher, 1995; Kay et al., 1998; Reguero et al., 1998; Kay et al., 1999; Croft et al., 2003; Reguero et al., 2003b; Reguero & Castro, 2004; Reguero & Cerdeño, 2005; Cerdeño, Riga & Bordonaro, 2006; Croft, 2007).

Figure 26 in Craniodental anatomy of late Oligocene archaeohyracids (Notoungulata, Mammalia) from Bolivia and Argentina and new phylogenetic hypotheses

Figure 26. Details of the auditory regions of hegetotheriids. A, right auditory region of Prohegetotherium schiaffinoi, SAL 6. B, right auditory region (reversed) of Hegetotherium sp., SCZ 189. C, right auditory region of Prosotherium garzoni, AMNH 14154. D, right auditory region of Paedotherium sp., MNR 45 from Barranca Lobos, Mar del Plata, Argentina. Scale bar = 1 cm.

Figure 25 in Craniodental anatomy of late Oligocene archaeohyracids (Notoungulata, Mammalia) from Bolivia and Argentina and new phylogenetic hypotheses

Figure 25. Majority-rule consensus tree with positioned unambiguous synapomorphy (black font) and synapomorphy depending on optimization (grey font). Underlined characters express homoplasy for them. A, Acctran optimization. B, Deltran optimization. Abbreviation: Prop.-Pros. = Propachyrukhos - Prosotherium.

Figure 24 in Craniodental anatomy of late Oligocene archaeohyracids (Notoungulata, Mammalia) from Bolivia and Argentina and new phylogenetic hypotheses

Figure 24. Cladograms showing the phylogenetic relationships of archaeohyracids plus hegetotheriids (plus mesotheriids) from the cladistic analysis (five most parsimonious trees with 66 steps, CI = 0.79, RI = 0.88). A, strict consensus tree (68 steps, CI = 0.76, RI = 0.86). Nodes that have a Bremer support superior to 2 are indicated as '> 2'; all others have a Bremer support equal to 1. B, majority-rule consensus (66 steps, CI = 0.79, RI = 0.88); 60% refers to the percentage of the most parsimonious cladograms that present this node. C, Adams consensus tree (68 steps, CI = 0.76, RI = 0.86).

Figure 23. Sallatherium altiplanense, slightly worn P4- M3, SAL 561 in Craniodental anatomy of late Oligocene archaeohyracids (Notoungulata, Mammalia) from Bolivia and Argentina and new phylogenetic hypotheses

Figure 23. Sallatherium altiplanense, slightly worn P4- M3, SAL 561. Mesial to right and labial at the top.Scale bar = 1 cm.