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3,983 results for “Persons”
Tokens of the noun 'person' in the West Polesian corpus
<p>This dataset contains all the tokens of the noun 'person' in free texts in the West Polesian corpus. Data were collected by Kristian Roncero in the Brest region (Belarus) between Jan 2016 and June 2017. Data are represented according to the IPA conventions, although punctuation marks are used and proper names have their first letter in upper case. I have tried to respect all the differences in the pronunciation, which means sometimes stems appear as palatalized (<em>ʧʲelovjek</em>-, <em>lʲud</em>-, as in Contemporary Standard Russian (CSR)); or most often unpalatalised (which is more in line with the general phonological rules of West Polesian) and the vocalism is not very consistent.</p> <p>The first letters of the code represent the village and speaker. The numbers after the speaker code indicate the file and the remaining the minute and second(s) where this sentence appears.</p>
First-person view RGB-D dataset
<p>We provide a varied dataset containing RGB-D data with the goal to stablish a benchmark for the evaluation of systems performing NAVI (Navigation Assistance for the Visually Impaired) based on RGB-D devices. Our dataset contains the color and depth data of an Asus XtionPro Live camera along different indoor scenarios. The data was recorded at 30Hz (full frame rate) with a 640x480 sensor resolution. All scenarios have been recorded in rosbag files and compressed in format 7z. All files contain XYZRGB point-cloud data and most of them have recorded raw images too. The RGB-D device was carried by a person in order to simulate a realistic situation.</p> <p>We also provide a set of 32 calibration images and a calibration report of the RGB-D device. The calibration was carried out with the Kinect-stereo-calib software developed by the Mobile Robot Programming Toolkit. The calibration used a 8x10 chessboard of 22.8x24.3mm squares. More details can be found in webpage:<br> http://webdiis.unizar.es/%7Eglopez</p> <p>More information about the dataset can be found in the related publication:<br> A. Aladren, G. Lopez-Nicolas, L. Puig, and J. J. Guerrero. Navigation Assistance for the Visually Impaired Using RGB-D Sensor with Range Expansion. IEEE Systems Journal, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 922-932, Sept. 2016.</p>
Personality, sperm traits and a test for their combined dependence on male condition in guppies
<p>There is evidence that animal personality traits can have spill-over effects for sexual selection, with studies reporting that male behavioural types are associated with success during pre- and post-copulatory sexual selection. Given these links between personality and sexual traits, and the evidence that their expression can depend on an individual's nutritional status (i.e. condition), a novel prediction is that changes in a male's diet should alter both the average expression of personality and sexual traits, and their covariance. We tested these predictions using the guppy Poecilia reticulata, a species previously shown to exhibit strong condition dependence in ejaculate traits and a positive correlation between sperm production and individual variation in boldness. Contrary to expectation, we found that dietary restriction – when administered in mature adult males – did not affect the expression of either behavioural (boldness and activity) or ejaculate traits, although we did find that males subjected to dietary stress exhibited a positive association between sperm velocity and boldness that was not apparent in the unrestricted diet group. This latter finding points to possible context-dependent patterns of covariance between sexually selected and personality traits, which may have implications for patterns of selection and evolutionary processes under fluctuating environmental conditions.</p>
Deep Learning for Reaction-Diffusion Glioma Growth Modeling: Towards a Fully Personalized Model? — Supporting Data
<p>Supporting data for Martens et al. Deep Learning for Reaction-Diffusion Glioma Growth Modelling: Towards a Fully Personalised Model? arXiv:2111.13404.</p>
Deep-sequencing of viral genomes from treatment-naive HIV-infected persons shows positive association between intrahost genetic diversity and viral load
<p><strong><span>Background:</span></strong><span> Infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) typically results from transmission of a small and genetically uniform viral population. Following transmission, the virus population becomes more diverse because of recombination and acquired mutations through genetic drift and selection. Viral intrahost genetic diversity remains a major obstacle to the cure of HIV; however, there is a disagreement whether intrahost viral genetic diversification associates positively or negatively with disease progression and progression markers. Viral load is a key progression marker and understanding its relationship to viral intrahost genetic diversity could help design future strategies for HIV monitoring and treatment.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Methods:</strong> </span><span>We analyzed deep-sequenced viral genomes from 2,650 treatment-naive HIV-infected persons to measure the intrahost genetic diversity of 2,447 genomic codon positions as calculated by Shannon entropy. We tested for associations between viral load (VL) and amino acid (AA) entropy accounting for sex, age, race, duration of infection, and HIV population structure.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Results:</span></strong><span><strong> </strong>We confirmed that the intrahost genetic diversity is highest in the <em>env</em> gene. Furthermore, we showed that mean Shannon entropy is significantly associated with VL, especially in infections of >24 months duration. We identified 16 significant associations between VL (p-value<2.0x10<sup>-5</sup>) and Shannon entropy at AA positions which in our association analysis explained 13% of the variance in VL.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Conclusions: </span></strong><span>Our results elucidate that viral intrahost genetic diversity is associated with VL and could be used as a better disease progression marker than HIV consensus sequence variants, especially in infections of longer duration. We emphasize that viral intrahost diversity should be considered when studying viral genomes and infection outcomes.</span></p>
A Multi-domain Benchmark for Personalized Search Evaluation
<p>We provide large-scale multi-domain benchmark datasets for Personalized Search.</p> <p>Further information can be found <a href="https://github.com/AmenRa/a-multi-domain-benchmark-for-personalized-search-evaluation">here</a>.</p>
Neonate personality affects early-life resource acquisition in a large social mammal
<p>This file contains the raw data files and R-scripts used for producing the final data sets analyzed in the paper: "Neonate personality affects early-life resource acquisition in a large social mammal". A full and detailed description of the methods can be found in the manuscript, or at request from the author (BA).</p> <p> The R-scripts can be used to follow all the steps taken in producing the final data sets. The findings in the paper can be then reproduced by using the code provided in the supplementary materials (of the paper). </p> <p>The file contains data taken from >150 newborn fallow deer fawns (<em>Dama dama</em>), in two different cohorts. Data were taken at capture and recapture of these fawns, during their first weeks of life. During this period, fallow deer fawns adopt a hiding-strategy where they hide in the vegatation from potential predators. Furthermore, it contains time budget data taken at summer, when fawns were 1-2 months old, and at autumn, when fawns were 3-6 months old. The final file is a datafile that contains data on the days that fawns were spotted in a group of deer for the first time, after their hider-phase.</p> <p>We have provided a README.docx file, which contains additional descriptions of the raw data set and the variables it includes.</p>
Predation and parasitism as determinants of animal personalities
<p>1. Within the same population, proactive (i.e. bolder, more exploratory, active and aggressive) and reactive (i.e. more timid, less exploratory, less active and more passive) individuals could be hypothetically maintained due a trade-off between foraging and anti-predator behaviour, provided that both phenotypes differ in their state (e.g. metabolic rates, body condition or energetic needs).</p> <p>2. Yet, recent findings indicate that among-individual variation in intrinsic state can explain only a small proportion of variation in behaviour, meaning that other mechanisms, such as the presence of trophically transmitted parasites, might contribute to maintaining inter-individual behavioural differences. Empirical evidence, indeed, suggests strong relationships between certain animal personality traits and parasitic load within host populations. However, the direction of causation between these traits remains unclear: are different behaviours in infected hosts in contrast to uninfected ones the result of manipulation by parasites to increase host predation, or are some personalities inherently more susceptible to infection than others?</p> <p>3. To better understand the role of parasites in shaping behavioural differences within host populations and examine to what extent parasite manipulation and/or intrinsic differences in parasite susceptibility contribute to maintaining behavioural differences, we used a simulation approach and analyzed the change in the frequencies of proactive and reactive individuals over time under different predation and starvation scenarios, when individual phenotype either affected a host's risk of infection or not.</p> <p>4. We found that in the absence of parasites, predation pressure strongly affected the expression of host personality, but trade-offs between foraging and anti-predator behaviour alone could not explain the maintenance of inter-individual behavioural differences without temporal variation in predation pressure. By contrast, in the presence of parasites, the two host phenotypes could coexist within populations even when individuals experienced no temporal variations in predation risk, but only when proactive and reactive hosts were equally susceptible to parasitism.</p> <p>5. Our findings thus indicate that parasites can play an important role in maintaining genetic diversity in their host populations in addition to generating behavioural differences though manipulation.</p>
Secondary Data: Measuring Person-centred Care in German Nursing Homes – Exploring Construct Validity of the Dementia Policy Questionnaire using Adjusted Multiple Correspondence Analysis
<p>This is the secondary data set and R-Code of R statistical software (version 4.0.4) to explore construct validity of the German Dementia Policy Questionnaire using Adjusted Multiple Correspondence Analysis.</p>
Feasibility and acceptability of personalized breast cancer screening (DECIDO Study): A single-arm proof-of-concept trial
<p>The aim of this study was to assess the acceptability and feasibility of offering risk-based breast cancer screening and its integration into regular clinical practice. A single-arm proof-of-concept trial was conducted with a sample of 387 women aged 40–50 years residing in the city of Lleida (Spain). The study intervention consisted of breast cancer risk estimation, risk communication and screening recommendations, and a follow-up. A polygenic risk score with 83 single nucleotide polymorphisms was used to update the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium risk model and estimate the 5-year absolute risk of breast cancer. The women expressed a positive attitude towards varying the frequency of breast screening according to individual risk and, especially, more frequently inviting women at higher-than-average risk. A lower intensity screening for women at lower risk was not as welcome, although half of the participants would accept it. Knowledge of the benefits and harms of breast screening was low, especially with regard to false positives and overdiagnosis. The women expressed a high understanding of individual risk and screening recommendations. The participants' intention to participate in risk-based screening and satisfaction at 1-year were very high.</p>
Source code and data from: Foraging personalities modify effects of habitat fragmentation on biodiversity
<p><span>Habitat loss undeniably poses a substantial threat to biodiversity, but whether fragmentation per se drives the loss of species is still widely debated. While negative consequences from fragmentation are often anticipated, many empirical studies report positive effects. However, the intrinsic mechanisms governing species' persistence in fragmented landscapes are not yet understood. In this study, we investigated consistent personality-dependent differences in foraging behavior among individuals as a possible mechanism underlying the discrepancy of reported fragmentation effects. </span><span>We </span><span>devised a mechanistic individual-based model simulating the home range behavior of a competitive small mammal community based on the availability of a shared resource. Thereby, an individual's risk-taking behavior dictates its foraging decisions at risky habitat edges, an inherent property of fragmentation per se. Our simulations show that differences in risk-taking while foraging are potentially a further mechanism contributing to reconciling the fragmentation debate. The first scenario considering risk-seeking communities showed a neutral response towards fragmentation, while the second scenario featuring risk-avoiding communities confirmed the negative effects of fragmentation. Notably, the third scenario, simulating behaviorally diverse communities including risk-avoiding and risk-seeking individuals, demonstrated a positive influence of fragmentation on biodiversity. Intraspecific differences in behavior could also enhance the temporal species coexistence (coviability) of communities threatened by an ongoing habitat loss. Our study highlights the importance of recognizing the behavioral composition of populations and communities for estimating fragmentation effects, because differences in risk-taking can influence the coping abilities of animal communities in light of fragmentation.</span></p>
Growing up with nutritional stress leads to peripheral social network positions, independent of 'personality'
<p>Variables:</p> <p>BirdID: unique identifier of individuals</p> <p>Day: numerical, day of testing</p> <p>Room: physical Location of aviary, arbitrary numbering</p> <p>Group: numerical. Each group consists of one sex. </p> <p>Degree, Strength, EC, CV: social network variables. When precluded by a "D"; calculated using duration-based networks. When precluded by "F"; calculated using frequency-based networks. </p> <p>Sex: 1 = female, 2 = male</p> <p>DT: developmental treatment. Easy or Hard </p> <p>GenDad & GenMom: unique identifier. Genetic father or mother. </p> <p>DS, GP, PC1NO, PC1exp, Immobility: personality scores from Gerritsma et al., 2023. When precluded by "s", they are standardized ((x - mean) / sd). </p> <p>Broodsize: numerical, natal broodsize. </p> <p>nestID: unique identifier for nest, arbitrary numbering. </p> <p>Aviary: aviary in which individual was born. Arbitrary numbering. </p> <p>Groupday: combination of day and group. First day of first group would be 11. Tenth day of first group would be 101. </p> <p>Sexmc: mean-centered sex (sex-avg(sex)). </p> <p>Broodsizemc: mean-centered brood size. </p> <p>logTI: log10(immobility)</p> <p>DT3: numerical representation of DT. 1 = hard, 0 = easy. </p>
BD Behavioral biases and personal indebtedness
<p>Research database: "Behavioral biases and personal indebtedness: a systematic literature review"</p>
Effects of personalized music listening on post-stroke cognitive impairment: A randomized controlled trial
<p><strong><span>Background and purpose:</span></strong><span> Previous studies have suggested that music listening has the potential to positively affect mood and cognitive functions in individuals with <a name="_Hlk140153246"></a>post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI), with a preference for self-selected music likely to yield better outcomes. However, there is insufficient clinical evidence to suggest the use of music listening in routine rehabilitation care to treat PSCI. This randomized control trial (RCT) aims to investigate the effects of personalized music listening on mood improvement, <a name="_Hlk140153263"></a>activities of daily living (ADLs), and cognitive functions in individuals with PSCI.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Materials and methods:</span></strong><span> A total of 34 patients with PSCI were randomly assigned to either the music group or the control group. Patients in the music group underwent a three-month personalized music-listening intervention. The intervention involved listening to a personalized playlist tailored to each individual's cultural, ethnic, and social background, life experiences, and personal music preferences. In contrast, the control group patients listened to white noise as a placebo. Cognitive function, neurological function, mood, and ADLs were assessed. </span></p> <p><strong><span>Results:</span></strong><strong><span> </span></strong><span>After three months of treatment, the music group showed significantly higher <a name="_Hlk140153278"></a>Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores compared to the control group (<em>p=</em>0.027), particularly in the domains of delayed memory (<em>p=</em>0.019) and orientation (<em>p=</em>0.023). Moreover, the music group demonstrated significantly better scores in <a name="_Hlk140153297"></a>National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) (<em>p=</em>0.008), <a name="_Hlk140153304"></a>Barthel Index (BI) (<em>p=</em>0.019), and <a name="_Hlk140153315"></a>Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview (ZBI) (<em>p=</em>0.008) compared to the control group. No effects were found on mood as measured by the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAMA) and the Hamilton depression scale (HAMD).</span></p>
Data and Code to Accompany: "On-Body Textile Hysteresis Estimation for Personalized Physical Human-Robot Interaction"
<p>Data files, Matlab code, and figures to accompany "On-Body Textile Hysteresis Estimation for Personalized Physical Human-Robot Interaction" (submitted for peer-review on 7/20/2024).</p>
BRAIN Journal-Brain-Like Artificial Intelligence for Automation-Figure 11. Activated Neuro-Symbols for Detecting that a Person walks around in the Room
<p>With the example of Figure 11, also the function of feedback connections can be explained.<br> According to the existing feedforward connections, the neuro-symbol “object stands” would be<br> activated together with the neuro-symbol “object moves” whenever the neuro-symbols “motion”<br> and “object moves” are active, because it is activated by a subset of the neuro-symbols that activate<br> the neuro-symbol “object moves”. This activation would however be undesired in this concrete<br> case. For this reason, an inhibitory feedback connection exists from the neuro-symbol “object<br> moves” to the neuro-symbol “object stands” that inhibits the activation of the neuro-symbol “object<br> stands”.</p>
Figure 4. After merging, overview is more transparent. Tens of persons were merged together into clusters in order to clarify the visualization. Firms and persons are recognized based on their icons.-Browsing Semantic Data in Slovakia
<p>The usefulness of such visualization has its key points regarding connections. Thanks to SBR browsing module, we were able to get 22 firm records for “Váhostav” query. Between any 2 companies, connections may be (and often are) not bidirectional, so, in order to navigate through connections, we have refined all 22 records. Although, even being filtered, graph is still complex. And it is possible to further navigate and search for outgoing connections, for example firm “MERLIN TRADE, a.s.” on Fig.4 contains item on “Ján Kato”, which is already included in our graph and connected to “VÁHOSTAV&SK&DEVELOPEMENT” on bottom left side and “VÁHOSTAV&SK, a.s.” in the center. Edge coloring and drawing is helpful with overlapped edges. For methods of visualization, including coloring, we refer to studies of H. Omote and K. Sugiyama (2006), and I. Herman, G. Melanon, and M. S. Marshall (2000) or our study on graph clutter filtering and connectivity distance (Mojzis & Laclavik, 2014).</p>
Figure 2. Results for firm name "Váhostav" are in table. Each row defines a firm with its name, identification number and address. Then a connection is specified (whether it be a person or another firm).-Browsing Semantic Data in Slovakia
<p>We have searched for firm “Váhostav”, which is a rather big firm in Slovakia, with many press articles published about31. On Figure 2 there is a browsing window, for SBR data results, displaying tabular structure, which was refined from SBR dataset by continuous querying.</p>
BRAIN Journal-Personality Questionnaires as a Basis for Improvement of University Courses in Applied Computer Science and Informatics-Figure 5. Hierarchical clustering by scores across the EPQ–R scales for data about all the participants
<p>The clusters were generated using an implementation of a hierarchical clustering algorithm available in the R environment (R, n.d.). The top three clusters were extracted from a hierarchical cluster tree shown in Figure 5, while the color of data points in the visualization shown in figure 4 was determined based on cluster labels. Hierarchical clusters could be used when investigating which students in the analyzed sample share similar personality traits. This could be especially useful for smaller student groups as the teacher may manually inspect the cluster tree and its leaves, which designate individual students. For instance, there are three students in cluster 3, who are represented within the tree in Figure 5 by identifiers 14, 22, and 24. The students with identifiers 14 and 22 are more closely linked and more similar to each other than to the student with identifier 24. </p>
BRAIN Journal-Personality Questionnaires as a Basis for Improvement of University Courses in Applied Computer Science and Informatics-Figure 2. Comparison of mean scores on the EPQ–R scales
<p>The data for the workshop participants were loaded from the data warehouse, while the summary data from the original EPQ–R study were loaded from a CSV file. The bar chart featured in Figure 2 shows mean scores on the EPQ–R scales for the selected workshop participants (denoted by blue bars) and the selected participants of the original EPQ–R study (denoted by yellow bars). The mean scores on the P scale agree between the two samples, but the overall scores for the other scales vary. </p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.