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FIGURE 5 in A new species, Hemicrepidius (Miwacrepidius) rubriventris sp. nov. (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Denticollinae) from Republic of Korea

FIGURE 5. Neighbor-joining phenogram of the Kimura-2-parameter based on DNA barcoding region of the COI gene in MEGA 5.2 of Hemicrepidius (Miwacrepidius) rubriventris sp. nov. from Korea and H. (M.) subcyaneus from Japan.

FIGURE 2 in A new species, Hemicrepidius (Miwacrepidius) rubriventris sp. nov. (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Denticollinae) from Republic of Korea

FIGURE 2. SEM images of Hemicrepidius (Miwacrepidius) rubriventris sp. nov. (female, paratype). A: Head; B: Punctures on head; C: Punctures of median portion of pronotum; D: × 1,000 of C; E: × 4,000 of C; F: Right pronotal hind angle; G: Frontal view of the head; H: 2nd to 4th antennomeres; I: Scutellum; J: Posterior portion of scutellum and basal portion of sutural line of elytra; K: Prosternum; L: Posterior margin of hypomeron; M: Prosternal process in ventral view; N: ditto in lateral view; O: Mesosternum (MS), mesepisternum (MSS), mesepimeron (MSM); P: Mesosternal groove; Q: Hind coxal plate; R: 3rd and 4th tarsomeres of hind leg.

FIGURE 1. A–D in A new species, Hemicrepidius (Miwacrepidius) rubriventris sp. nov. (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Denticollinae) from Republic of Korea

FIGURE 1. A–D: Holotype of Hemicrepidius (Miwacrepidius) rubriventris sp. nov. from Korea. E–H: H. (M.) subcyaneus (Motschulsky, 1866) from Honshu, Japan. A, E, G: Dorsal views; B, G: Lateral views; C, H: Ventral views; D: Antenna. A–D, F–H: female; E: male.

FIGURE 7 in Three species of Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) newly recorded from the Republic of Korea

FIGURE 7. Neighbor-joining tree of all sequences used to identify genetic relationships among taxonomically identified specimens in this report. Shaded triangles and ww sample ID's indicate sequences from Korean specimens (Table 4); all other sequences are from GenBank as per accession number (Table 5). Species clades labelled as per morpho-species identifications reported here and elsewhere (refer text). Scale bar equals 2 % sequence difference (equal weighted). Bootstrap supports> 70% as indicated and estimated by 10,000 replications as implemented in MEGA version 5 (Tamura et al. 2011).

FIGURES 1–6. 1, 2. C in Three species of Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) newly recorded from the Republic of Korea

FIGURES 1–6. 1, 2. C. nasuensis Kitaoka: 1. Female wing. 2. Male wing. 3, 4, 5. C. pallidulus Yu: 3. Female wing. 4. Male wing. 5. Male antenna. 6. C. jacobsoni Macfie, female wing.

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Subspecies and Distribution. S. s. scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 — W Europe, from Denmark, Germany, Poland, and Czech Republic to N Italy and N Iberian Peninsula; possibly also Albania. The taxonomic status of animals in Austria, Switzerland, Slovenia, and Slovakia is unclear but presumably these populations are included in scrofa, as are the populations of Sweden, Finland, and the Baltic states. However, restocking of once depleted populations, for example in Italy, has likely involved the introduction and mixing of this subspecies with other subspecies, such as attila. S. s. affinis Gray, 1847 — S India and Sri Lanka. S. s. algirus Loche, 1867 — Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco, on the coastal side of the mountains or in the low montane areas. S. s. attila Thomas, 1912 — Hungary, Ukraine, C & S Belarus, Romania, Moldova, and S Russia towards the N flank of the Caucasus, but not including the Transcaucasian countries of Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. The range possibly extends as far S as the Mesopotamian Delta in Iraq, in which case it would likely include W & SW Iran, and possibly E Turkey and Syria, where it borders with lybicus. Such a range could not be easily reconciled with a statement by Groves that "the difference between pigs from N and S of the Caucasus is quite striking; Transcaucasian boars are certainly not attila." This subspecies may also extend into C Asia and include Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan, but no data exist to support this. S. s. baeticus Thomas, 1912 — originally described from Coto Donana, S Spain, and later merged with meridionalis; also S Portugal. Unless evidence is found that these Italian and Iberian populations are the relics of a much larger formerly contiguous range, this subspecies should be kept as distinct. S. s. coreanus Heude, 1897 — Korean Peninsula. S. s. eristatus Wagner, 1839 — Himalayas S to C India and E to Indochina (N of the Kra Isthmus). S. s. davidi Groves, 1981 — the arid zone from E Iran to Gujarat, including Pakistan and NW India, and perhaps N to Tajikistan. S. s. leucomystax Temminck, 1842 — main Is ofJapan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Nakadori, Hiburijima, Tojima, Kushima, and other smaller Is). S. s. lybicus Gray, 1868 — Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey, Syria, Jordan, Israel, Palestine, in the past also in Lybia, and Egypt. The former Yugoslavia was included in its range, which would suggest that now Slovenia, Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, and Kosovo are within the range of this subspecies, although the exact boundaries are unclear. Pigs from Albania have been assigned to S. s. scrofa. S. s. majori De Beaux & Festa, 1927 — C & S Italian Peninsula. S. s. menidionalis Forsyth Major, 1882 — Corsica and Sardinia, with the proviso that the two populations are very likely to be introduced or feral. S. s. moupinensis Milne-Edwards, 1871 — China, S to Vietnam and W to Sichuan. S. s. nigripes Blanford, 1875 — the flanks of the Tianshan mountains in Kyrgyzstan and NW China (Xinjiang). An animal photographed in NE Iran (Golestan) looked like this subspecies. S. s. nukiuanus Kuroda, 1924 — Iriomote, Ishigaki, Okinawa, Tokunoshima, Amamioshima, and Kakerome Is in the Ryukyu chain in extreme S Japan, though some of these populations have hybridized with introduced domesticates. S. s. sibiricus Staffe, 1922 — Mongolia and Transbaikal (S & E of Lake Baikal). S. s. tawvanus Swinhoe, 1863 — Taiwan. S. s. ussuricus Heude, 1888 — far E Russia and the Manchurian region (China). Korean populations were previously included in this subspecies, but based on new evidence, the Korean taxon seems more similar to moupinensis. S. s. vittatus Boie, 1828 — Malay Peninsula, S of the Isthmus of Kra, the offshore islands of Terutai and Langkawi, Sumatra, Riau Archipelago, Java, Bali, and a range of smaller islands around these, including Babi, Bakong, Batam, Bawean, Bengkalis, Bintan, Bulan, Bunguran, Cuyo, Deli, Durian, Enggano, Galang, Jambongan, Karimon (Riau Is), Kundur, Lagong, Laut, Lingga, Lingung, Mapor, Moro Kecil, North Pagai, Nias, Panaitan, Payong, Penang, Pinie, Rupat, Siantan, Siberut, Simeulue, Singkep, Sugi, Sugi Bawa, Telibon, Tinggi, Tuangku, and the Tambelan Is. This species was originally present from the British Is in the extreme W, through Eurasia from S Scandinavia to S Siberia, extending as far E as Korea and Japan, and SE into some of the Sunda Is and Taiwan. In the S the species ranged along the Nile Valley to Khartoum, and N of the Sahara in Africa, more orless following the continental coasts of S, E, and SE Asia. Within this range it was absent only from extremely dry deserts, e.g. the driest regions of Mongolia and in China W of Sichuan; and alpine zones, such as the high altitudes of Pamir and Tien Shan. In recent centuries, the range of S. scrofa has changed dramatically because of hunting and changes in available habitat. The species disappeared from the British Is in the 17" century, from Denmark in the 19" century, and was greatly reduced in range and numbers in the 20" century from areas as distant as Tunisia, Sudan, Germany, and Russia. Following these severe declines, there were some slight population recoveries in Russia, Italy, Spain, and Germany in the mid-20™ century, and natural and assisted range expansions in Denmark and Sweden. The species has also been inadvertently reintroduced in various locations in the Great Britain via escapees of mixed origin from commercial farming enterprises. Ex-S. scrofa stocks also occur as introduced feral populations in various other parts of the world, including Australia, New Zealand, the eastern Malay Archipelago, and in North, Central, and South America. In all of these areas they are now generally recognized as a major pest. in Suidae

Subspecies and Distribution. S. s. scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 — W Europe, from Denmark, Germany, Poland, and Czech Republic to N Italy and N Iberian Peninsula; possibly also Albania. The taxonomic status of animals in Austria, Switzerland, Slovenia, and Slovakia is unclear but presumably these populations are included in scrofa, as are the populations of Sweden, Finland, and the Baltic states. However, restocking of once depleted populations, for example in Italy, has likely involved the introduction and mixing of this subspecies with other subspecies, such as attila. S. s. affinis Gray, 1847 — S India and Sri Lanka. S. s. algirus Loche, 1867 — Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco, on the coastal side of the mountains or in the low montane areas. S. s. attila Thomas, 1912 — Hungary, Ukraine, C & S Belarus, Romania, Moldova, and S Russia towards the N flank of the Caucasus, but not including the Transcaucasian countries of Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. The range possibly extends as far S as the Mesopotamian Delta in Iraq, in which case it would likely include W & SW Iran, and possibly E Turkey and Syria, where it borders with lybicus. Such a range could not be easily reconciled with a statement by Groves that "the difference between pigs from N and S of the Caucasus is quite striking; Transcaucasian boars are certainly not attila." This subspecies may also extend into C Asia and include Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan, but no data exist to support this. S. s. baeticus Thomas, 1912 — originally described from Coto Donana, S Spain, and later merged with meridionalis; also S Portugal. Unless evidence is found that these Italian and Iberian populations are the relics of a much larger formerly contiguous range, this subspecies should be kept as distinct. S. s. coreanus Heude, 1897 — Korean Peninsula. S. s. eristatus Wagner, 1839 — Himalayas S to C India and E to Indochina (N of the Kra Isthmus). S. s. davidi Groves, 1981 — the arid zone from E Iran to Gujarat, including Pakistan and NW India, and perhaps N to Tajikistan. S. s. leucomystax Temminck, 1842 — main Is ofJapan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Nakadori, Hiburijima, Tojima, Kushima, and other smaller Is). S. s. lybicus Gray, 1868 — Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey, Syria, Jordan, Israel, Palestine, in the past also in Lybia, and Egypt. The former Yugoslavia was included in its range, which would suggest that now Slovenia, Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, and Kosovo are within the range of this subspecies, although the exact boundaries are unclear. Pigs from Albania have been assigned to S. s. scrofa. S. s. majori De Beaux & Festa, 1927 — C & S Italian Peninsula. S. s. menidionalis Forsyth Major, 1882 — Corsica and Sardinia, with the proviso that the two populations are very likely to be introduced or feral. S. s. moupinensis Milne-Edwards, 1871 — China, S to Vietnam and W to Sichuan. S. s. nigripes Blanford, 1875 — the flanks of the Tianshan mountains in Kyrgyzstan and NW China (Xinjiang). An animal photographed in NE Iran (Golestan) looked like this subspecies. S. s. nukiuanus Kuroda, 1924 — Iriomote, Ishigaki, Okinawa, Tokunoshima, Amamioshima, and Kakerome Is in the Ryukyu chain in extreme S Japan, though some of these populations have hybridized with introduced domesticates. S. s. sibiricus Staffe, 1922 — Mongolia and Transbaikal (S & E of Lake Baikal). S. s. tawvanus Swinhoe, 1863 — Taiwan. S. s. ussuricus Heude, 1888 — far E Russia and the Manchurian region (China). Korean populations were previously included in this subspecies, but based on new evidence, the Korean taxon seems more similar to moupinensis. S. s. vittatus Boie, 1828 — Malay Peninsula, S of the Isthmus of Kra, the offshore islands of Terutai and Langkawi, Sumatra, Riau Archipelago, Java, Bali, and a range of smaller islands around these, including Babi, Bakong, Batam, Bawean, Bengkalis, Bintan, Bulan, Bunguran, Cuyo, Deli, Durian, Enggano, Galang, Jambongan, Karimon (Riau Is), Kundur, Lagong, Laut, Lingga, Lingung, Mapor, Moro Kecil, North Pagai, Nias, Panaitan, Payong, Penang, Pinie, Rupat, Siantan, Siberut, Simeulue, Singkep, Sugi, Sugi Bawa, Telibon, Tinggi, Tuangku, and the Tambelan Is. This species was originally present from the British Is in the extreme W, through Eurasia from S Scandinavia to S Siberia, extending as far E as Korea and Japan, and SE into some of the Sunda Is and Taiwan. In the S the species ranged along the Nile Valley to Khartoum, and N of the Sahara in Africa, more orless following the continental coasts of S, E, and SE Asia. Within this range it was absent only from extremely dry deserts, e.g. the driest regions of Mongolia and in China W of Sichuan; and alpine zones, such as the high altitudes of Pamir and Tien Shan. In recent centuries, the range of S. scrofa has changed dramatically because of hunting and changes in available habitat. The species disappeared from the British Is in the 17" century, from Denmark in the 19" century, and was greatly reduced in range and numbers in the 20" century from areas as distant as Tunisia, Sudan, Germany, and Russia. Following these severe declines, there were some slight population recoveries in Russia, Italy, Spain, and Germany in the mid-20™ century, and natural and assisted range expansions in Denmark and Sweden. The species has also been inadvertently reintroduced in various locations in the Great Britain via escapees of mixed origin from commercial farming enterprises. Ex-S. scrofa stocks also occur as introduced feral populations in various other parts of the world, including Australia, New Zealand, the eastern Malay Archipelago, and in North, Central, and South America. In all of these areas they are now generally recognized as a major pest.

FIGURE 5. Secondary structures for the D1–D1 in Porphyrosiphon annulatus sp. nov. (Oscillatoriales, Cyanobacteria) isolated on moist soil in Suwon, Republic of Korea

FIGURE 5. Secondary structures for the D1–D1ʹ helix (A–G) and Box-B helix (H–N) in conserved regions of the 16S–23S ITS. (A, H) Microcoleus vaginatus, (B, I) M. autumnalis, (C, J) Kamptonema formosum, (D, K) Anagnostidinema carotinosum, (E, L), A. pseudacutissimum, (F, M) Geitlerinema splendidum, (G, N) Porphyrosiphon annulatus. Species in bold represents our studied organism.

FIGURE 4 in Porphyrosiphon annulatus sp. nov. (Oscillatoriales, Cyanobacteria) isolated on moist soil in Suwon, Republic of Korea

FIGURE 4. Phylogenetic relationships of cyanobacteria species within the genus Porphyrosiphon inferred from partial 16S rRNA gene sequences with Bayesian analysis. A 16S sequence of Gloeobacter violaceus was included as an outgroup. Additional Maximum-Likelihood (ML) and Neighbor-Joining (NJ) trees showed similar topology of the present Bayesian tree. Their bootstrap proportions (BP) were incorporated into the tree. The first, second and third numbers at the nodes display BP (> 50%) in ML, NJ and posterior probabilities (PP;> 0.90) in Bayesian analysis, respectively. Branch lengths are proportional to the scale given. Species in bold represents our studied organism.

FIGURE 3 in Porphyrosiphon annulatus sp. nov. (Oscillatoriales, Cyanobacteria) isolated on moist soil in Suwon, Republic of Korea

FIGURE 3. Transmission electron micrographs of Porphyrosiphon annulatus strain (FBCC-A260). (A, B) Thylakoids appeared in longitudinal section, (C, D) Radial thylakoid arrangement showed in cross section; cw: cell wall, sh: sheath, th: thylakoids.

FIGURE 2 in Porphyrosiphon annulatus sp. nov. (Oscillatoriales, Cyanobacteria) isolated on moist soil in Suwon, Republic of Korea

FIGURE 2. Microphotographs of Porphyrosiphon annulatus the raw (A–C) and culture samples (D–J) from the reference strain (FBCC-A260). (A–B) Yellowish-brown and blue-green filaments, (C) Transversely annular lamellations in the sheath (arrow), (D) Colony of trichomes (sheath initially colorless and later yellow-brown or pink), (E, F) Longitudinal lamellations in the sheath (arrow), (G–I) Transversely annular lamellations in the sheath (arrows), (J) Two trichomes within a sheath; Scale bars = (A–C, E–J) 10 µm, (D) 50 µm.

FIGURE 1 in Porphyrosiphon annulatus sp. nov. (Oscillatoriales, Cyanobacteria) isolated on moist soil in Suwon, Republic of Korea

FIGURE 1. Map showing site in the Mt. Gwanggyo, Republic of Korea. (A) The aerial view (A red circle is collection site), (B) The habitat of a collection site.

FIGURE 4 in A new species of Coronatella Dybowski & Grochowski, 1984 (Cladocera: Chydoridae) endemic to Jeju Island (Republic of Korea)

FIGURE 4. Coronatella (Coronatella) jejuana sp. nov. from Sangdoekcheon Gyocharo (type locality), Jeju-do, Republic of Korea, parthenogenetic females. Parthenogenetic female, thoracic limbs. A, limb I. B, IDL and ODL of limb I. C–D, outer and inner portions of limb II. E, exopodite of limb III. F–G, inner portion of limb III. H, exopodite of limb IV. I–J, inner portion of limb IV. K, exopodite of limb V. L, inner lobe of limb V. Coronatella (Coronatella) jejuana sp. nov. from Yongsuji Reservoir, Jeju-do, Republic of Korea, parthenogenetic female. M, IDL and ODL of limb I. Coronatella (Coronatella) rectangula (Sars, 1862) from a small pond near Jungsanganseo-ro, Jeju-do, Republic of Korea, parthenogenetic female. N, IDL and ODL of limb I.

FIGURE 2 in A new species of Coronatella Dybowski & Grochowski, 1984 (Cladocera: Chydoridae) endemic to Jeju Island (Republic of Korea)

FIGURE 2. Coronatella (Coronatella) jejuana sp. nov. from Sangdoekcheon Gyocharo (type locality), Jeju-do, Republic of Korea, parthenogenetic females. A–B, lateral view. C, anterolateral view. D, ventral view. E, dorsal view. F, head shield. G–H, head pores.

FIGURE 3 in A new species of Coronatella Dybowski & Grochowski, 1984 (Cladocera: Chydoridae) endemic to Jeju Island (Republic of Korea)

FIGURE 3. Coronatella (Coronatella) jejuana sp. nov. from Sangdoekcheon Gyocharo (type locality), Jeju-do, Republic of Korea, parthenogenetic females. A, antenna. B, labral keel.

FIGURE 1 in A new species of Coronatella Dybowski & Grochowski, 1984 (Cladocera: Chydoridae) endemic to Jeju Island (Republic of Korea)

FIGURE 1. Coronatella (Coronatella) jejuana sp. nov. from Sangdoekcheon Gyocharo (type locality), Jeju-do, Republic of Korea, parthenogenetic females. A, juvenile female of instar II, lateral view. B, adult, lateral view. C, ventral margin of valves. D, posteroventral angle of valves. E–F, head pores. G, labrum. H, postabdomen. I, antennule. J, antenna. K, antennal exopod, setae not shown. C. (C.) rectangula from a small pond near Jungsanganseo-ro, Jeju-do, Republic of Korea. L, adult, lateral view. M, head pores. N, postabdomen. O, antennal exopod, setae not shown.

FIGURES 27–29 in New species and new records of the family Laelapidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) from Republic of Korea

FIGURES 27–29. Hypoaspis longicaudus sp. nov., female. 27, femur, genu and tibia II; 28, femur, genu and tibia III; 29, femur, genu and tibia IV.

FIGURES 14–18 in New species and new records of the family Laelapidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) from Republic of Korea

FIGURES 14–18. Holostaspis mooni sp. nov., female. 14, dorsal idiosoma; 15, ventral idiosoma; 16, epistome;17, subcapitulum; 18, chelicera.

FIGURES 37–38 in New species and new records of the family Laelapidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) from Republic of Korea

FIGURES 37–38. Ololaelaps wangi Bai et. al., 1996, female. 37, femur, genu and tibia II; 38, femur, genu and tibia IV.

FIGURES 11–13 in New species and new records of the family Laelapidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) from Republic of Korea

FIGURES 11–13. Cosmolaelaps sejongi sp. nov., female. 11, femur, genu and tibia II; 12, femur, genu and tibia III; 13, femur, genu and tibia IV.

FIGURES 22–26 in New species and new records of the family Laelapidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) from Republic of Korea

FIGURES 22–26. Hypoaspis longicaudus sp. nov., female. 22, dorsal idiosoma; 23, ventral idiosoma; 24, epistome; 25, subcapitulum; 26, chelicera.