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250 results for “Ryukyu Archipelago”
FIGURE 3. Gnathia excavata n in Gnathiidae from Kumejima Island in the Ryukyu Archipelago, southwestern Japan, with description of three new species (Crustacea: Isopoda) *
FIGURE 3. Gnathia excavata n. sp., holotype, adult male (RUMF-ZC-1428, total length, 2.45 mm): A, left maxilliped, ventral view; B, left pylopod, ventral view; C, left pereopod II, medial view; D, left pleopod II, ventral view; E, left pleopod IV, ventral view, plumose setae were omitted; F, penes, ventral view.
FIGURE 7. Gnathia kumejimensis n in Gnathiidae from Kumejima Island in the Ryukyu Archipelago, southwestern Japan, with description of three new species (Crustacea: Isopoda) *
FIGURE 7. Gnathia kumejimensis n. sp., holotype, adult male (RUMF-ZC-1430, total length, 4.85 mm): A, right maxilliped, ventral view; B, right pylopod, ventral view; C, right pereopod II, medial view; D, left pleopod II, ventral view; E, penes, ventral view.
FIGURES 17–19 in Two new millipede species of the genus Riukiaria (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Xystodesmidae) endemic to the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan
FIGURES 17–19. Riukiaria mundyi sp. n. 17–19= Left gonopod of paratype male, lateral and mesal views; 19= Left cyphopod of paratype female, posterior view. Scale 0.5 mm. ms= macroseta, other abbreviations as in Figs 1, and 10–13.
FIGURES 10–13 in Two new millipede species of the genus Riukiaria (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Xystodesmidae) endemic to the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan
FIGURES 10–13. Riukiaria maculata sp. n. 10–12 = Left gonopod of holotype male, lateral, mesal, and apical (ventral) views, respectively; 13= Left cyphopod of paratype female, posterior view. Scales 0.5 mm. c= coxa, tp= triangular process, v= valve, r= receptacle, op= operculum, other abbreviations as in Fig. 1.
FIGURES 2–3 in Two new millipede species of the genus Riukiaria (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Xystodesmidae) endemic to the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan
FIGURES 2–3. Riukiaria maculata sp. n., holotype male. 2= Live coloration, Tane-ga-shima; 3= Live specimen in UV-light. FIGURES 4–6. Riukiaria mundyi sp. n., paratype specimens. 4= Live coloration, Yonaguni-jima; 5–6 = The same specimens in ambient flashlight, and in UV-light.
FIGURE 1 in Two new millipede species of the genus Riukiaria (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Xystodesmidae) endemic to the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan
FIGURE 1. Schematic Riukiaria gonopod, right, mesal view. Abbreviations: cm= coxal macroseta, ca= coxal apophysis, pf= prefemur, pfp= prefemoral process, ps= prostatic groove, s= solenomere. Prefemur (with prefemoral process) + acropodite (with prostatic groove running along solenomere) = telopodite.
FIGURE 4 in A new species of Plestiodon (Squamata: Scincidae) from the Senkaku Group, Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan
FIGURE 4. Bar graph showing the numbers (left-right) of supralabials in contact with the posterior loreal (A) and arrangement of a pair of prefrontals (B) in Plestiodon takarai sp. nov. from the Senkaku Group (Uoturijima, Kikakojima, Minamikojima, and Kubajima Islands) and P. elegans. Data for P. elegans were obtained from Hikida (1989) for A and Van Denburgh (1912b) for B.
FIGURE 3 in A new species of Plestiodon (Squamata: Scincidae) from the Senkaku Group, Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan
FIGURE 3. Dorsal (A), lateral (B), and ventral (C) views of head scutellation in the holotype of Plestiodon takarai sp. nov. (KUZ R32170). Abbreviations for scale characters: CS, chin shield; F, frontal; FN, frontonasal; FP, frontoparietal; IL, infralabial; IP, interparietal; L, loreal; M, mental; N, nasal; Nu, nuchal; P, parietal; PF, prefrontal; PG, postgenial; PL, postlabial; PM, postmental; PoO, postocular; PoSO, postsubocular; PrO, preocular; PrSO, presubocular; PrT, pretemporal; R, rostral; SL, supralabial; SN, supranasal; SuC, supraciliary; SuO, supraocular; T1, primary temporal; T2, secondary temporal; T3, tertiary temporal. Scale bar = 5 mm.
FIGURE 2 in A new species of Plestiodon (Squamata: Scincidae) from the Senkaku Group, Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan
FIGURE 2. Median-joining network of the RAG-1 (A) and PRLR (B) datasets for Plestiodon takarai sp. nov. from Kitakojima Island (black), P. elegans (gray), P. kuchinoshimensis (Pk), P. oshimensis (Po), P. marginatus (Pm), and P. stimpsonii (Ps). Open circles indicate missing haplotypes.
FIGURE 1 in A new species of Plestiodon (Squamata: Scincidae) from the Senkaku Group, Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan
FIGURE 1. Maximum likelihood tree based on the mitochondrial sequences (2,353 bp) for the Plestiodon specimens used in this study. Numbers near interior branches indicates the bootstrap probability (left; only values> 50%) and Bayesian posterior probability (right; only values> 0.90). Specimen names correspond to those provided in Table 1.
FIGURES 14–21 in Zherikhinia matobai sp. nov., a second species of the genus Zherikhinia Alonso-Zarazaga (Coleoptera, Brentidae, Nanophyinae) from the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan
FIGURES 14–21. Zherikhinia matobai sp. nov.—14. aedeagus, dorsal; 15. ditto, lateral; 16. tegmen, dorsal; 17. ditto, lateral; 18. sternite 8; 19. spiculum gastrale; 20. spiculum ventrale; 21. Female genitalia (gonocoxites, bursa copulatrix, spermathecal duct, spermatheca). Scale= 0.2mm
FIGURES 22–24 in Zherikhinia matobai sp. nov., a second species of the genus Zherikhinia Alonso-Zarazaga (Coleoptera, Brentidae, Nanophyinae) from the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan
FIGURES 22–24. Pattern variation of Zherikhinia matobai sp. nov.—22. yellow type (Kume-jima Is.); 23. Brown type (Ishigaki-jima Is.); 24. Blackish brown type (Okinawa-honto jima Is.). Scale= 1.0 mm.
FIGURES 4–13 in Zherikhinia matobai sp. nov., a second species of the genus Zherikhinia Alonso-Zarazaga (Coleoptera, Brentidae, Nanophyinae) from the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan
FIGURES 4–13. Zherikhinia matobai sp. nov.—4. head, male apical; 5. ditto, female; 6. head, male lateral; 7. ditto, female; 8–11. legs (8. trochanters & femora, 9. tibia, 10. tarsi); 12. abdomens, male; 13. ditto, female. Scale=0.2 mm.
FIGURES 1–3 in Zherikhinia matobai sp. nov., a second species of the genus Zherikhinia Alonso-Zarazaga (Coleoptera, Brentidae, Nanophyinae) from the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan
FIGURES 1–3. Habitus photographs of Zherikhinia matobai sp. nov.—1, lateral, male (holotype); 2, dorsal, male (holotype); 3, dorsal, female (paratype, from, Ishigaki Is., Okinawa Pref.). Scale=1.0 mm.
FIGURE 1. Desmicola ryukyuensis n in Morphological and molecular characterization of Desmicola ryukyuensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Oxyuridomorpha: Thelastomatidae) from the wood-feeding cockroach Panesthia angustipennis yayeyamensis Asahina, 1988 (Blattaria: Blaberidae) in the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan
FIGURE 1. Desmicola ryukyuensis n. sp. Male. A. Oesophageal region, lateral view. B. Cephalic end, optical section. C. Cephalic end (reconstructed from SEM images). D. Tail, lateral view. E. Spicule. F. Habitus, lateral view.
FIGURE 4. Desmicola ryukyuensis n in Morphological and molecular characterization of Desmicola ryukyuensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Oxyuridomorpha: Thelastomatidae) from the wood-feeding cockroach Panesthia angustipennis yayeyamensis Asahina, 1988 (Blattaria: Blaberidae) in the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan
FIGURE 4. Desmicola ryukyuensis n. sp., SEM images. Female. A. Cervical region, lateral view. B. Anus region and phasmid, ventro-lateral view. C. Vulva, lateral view. D, E. Cephalic end, ventro-lateral view. F. Cephalic end, en face view. G. Oral opening, en face view. H. Sub-ventral lip. I. Dorsal lip. J. Sensilla and fang-like structure at interlabial space. K. Excretory pore, ventral view. Scale bars: A. 50 µm. B, C, D, E. 10 µm. F, I, K. 5 µm. G, H. 2 µm. J. 1 µm.
FIGURE 3. Desmicola ryukyuensis n in Morphological and molecular characterization of Desmicola ryukyuensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Oxyuridomorpha: Thelastomatidae) from the wood-feeding cockroach Panesthia angustipennis yayeyamensis Asahina, 1988 (Blattaria: Blaberidae) in the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan
FIGURE 3. Desmicola ryukyuensis n. sp. Female. A. Oesophageal region, lateral view. B. Cephalic end, optical section. C. Cephalic end (reconstructed from SEM images). D. Tail, lateral view. E. Vagina. F. Genital tract, lateral view. G. Egg. F. Habitus, lateral view.
FIGURE 2. Desmicola ryukyuensis n in Morphological and molecular characterization of Desmicola ryukyuensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Oxyuridomorpha: Thelastomatidae) from the wood-feeding cockroach Panesthia angustipennis yayeyamensis Asahina, 1988 (Blattaria: Blaberidae) in the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan
FIGURE 2. Desmicola ryukyuensis n. sp., SEM images. Male. A. Cephalic end and beginning of the lateral ala, lateral view. B. Cephalic end. C. Cephalic end, en face view. D. Tail, lateral view. E. Modified ventrally projected cuticular annuli, ventro-lateral view (anterior end to the top). F. Detail of the modified ventrally projected cuticular annuli, ventral view (anterior end to the top). G. Cloacal region, lateral view. H. Cloacal region, ventral view. Scale bars: A, D. 20 µm. B, E. 10 µm. C. 2 µm. F, G, H. 5 µm.
FIGURE 5 in Morphological and molecular characterization of Desmicola ryukyuensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Oxyuridomorpha: Thelastomatidae) from the wood-feeding cockroach Panesthia angustipennis yayeyamensis Asahina, 1988 (Blattaria: Blaberidae) in the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan
FIGURE 5. Bayesian Inference (BI) tree inferred from the D2-D3 28S rDNA for several species of the superfamily Thelastomatoidea (Nematoda: Oxyuridomorpha). Two species of Travassosinematidae and three of Pseudonymidae were used as outgroup taxa. Values at the nodes correspond to posterior probability (≥0.95)/bootstrap resampling (≥70). Newly obtained sequences in red.
Subspecies and Distribution. S. s. scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 — W Europe, from Denmark, Germany, Poland, and Czech Republic to N Italy and N Iberian Peninsula; possibly also Albania. The taxonomic status of animals in Austria, Switzerland, Slovenia, and Slovakia is unclear but presumably these populations are included in scrofa, as are the populations of Sweden, Finland, and the Baltic states. However, restocking of once depleted populations, for example in Italy, has likely involved the introduction and mixing of this subspecies with other subspecies, such as attila. S. s. affinis Gray, 1847 — S India and Sri Lanka. S. s. algirus Loche, 1867 — Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco, on the coastal side of the mountains or in the low montane areas. S. s. attila Thomas, 1912 — Hungary, Ukraine, C & S Belarus, Romania, Moldova, and S Russia towards the N flank of the Caucasus, but not including the Transcaucasian countries of Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. The range possibly extends as far S as the Mesopotamian Delta in Iraq, in which case it would likely include W & SW Iran, and possibly E Turkey and Syria, where it borders with lybicus. Such a range could not be easily reconciled with a statement by Groves that "the difference between pigs from N and S of the Caucasus is quite striking; Transcaucasian boars are certainly not attila." This subspecies may also extend into C Asia and include Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan, but no data exist to support this. S. s. baeticus Thomas, 1912 — originally described from Coto Donana, S Spain, and later merged with meridionalis; also S Portugal. Unless evidence is found that these Italian and Iberian populations are the relics of a much larger formerly contiguous range, this subspecies should be kept as distinct. S. s. coreanus Heude, 1897 — Korean Peninsula. S. s. eristatus Wagner, 1839 — Himalayas S to C India and E to Indochina (N of the Kra Isthmus). S. s. davidi Groves, 1981 — the arid zone from E Iran to Gujarat, including Pakistan and NW India, and perhaps N to Tajikistan. S. s. leucomystax Temminck, 1842 — main Is ofJapan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Nakadori, Hiburijima, Tojima, Kushima, and other smaller Is). S. s. lybicus Gray, 1868 — Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey, Syria, Jordan, Israel, Palestine, in the past also in Lybia, and Egypt. The former Yugoslavia was included in its range, which would suggest that now Slovenia, Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, and Kosovo are within the range of this subspecies, although the exact boundaries are unclear. Pigs from Albania have been assigned to S. s. scrofa. S. s. majori De Beaux & Festa, 1927 — C & S Italian Peninsula. S. s. menidionalis Forsyth Major, 1882 — Corsica and Sardinia, with the proviso that the two populations are very likely to be introduced or feral. S. s. moupinensis Milne-Edwards, 1871 — China, S to Vietnam and W to Sichuan. S. s. nigripes Blanford, 1875 — the flanks of the Tianshan mountains in Kyrgyzstan and NW China (Xinjiang). An animal photographed in NE Iran (Golestan) looked like this subspecies. S. s. nukiuanus Kuroda, 1924 — Iriomote, Ishigaki, Okinawa, Tokunoshima, Amamioshima, and Kakerome Is in the Ryukyu chain in extreme S Japan, though some of these populations have hybridized with introduced domesticates. S. s. sibiricus Staffe, 1922 — Mongolia and Transbaikal (S & E of Lake Baikal). S. s. tawvanus Swinhoe, 1863 — Taiwan. S. s. ussuricus Heude, 1888 — far E Russia and the Manchurian region (China). Korean populations were previously included in this subspecies, but based on new evidence, the Korean taxon seems more similar to moupinensis. S. s. vittatus Boie, 1828 — Malay Peninsula, S of the Isthmus of Kra, the offshore islands of Terutai and Langkawi, Sumatra, Riau Archipelago, Java, Bali, and a range of smaller islands around these, including Babi, Bakong, Batam, Bawean, Bengkalis, Bintan, Bulan, Bunguran, Cuyo, Deli, Durian, Enggano, Galang, Jambongan, Karimon (Riau Is), Kundur, Lagong, Laut, Lingga, Lingung, Mapor, Moro Kecil, North Pagai, Nias, Panaitan, Payong, Penang, Pinie, Rupat, Siantan, Siberut, Simeulue, Singkep, Sugi, Sugi Bawa, Telibon, Tinggi, Tuangku, and the Tambelan Is. This species was originally present from the British Is in the extreme W, through Eurasia from S Scandinavia to S Siberia, extending as far E as Korea and Japan, and SE into some of the Sunda Is and Taiwan. In the S the species ranged along the Nile Valley to Khartoum, and N of the Sahara in Africa, more orless following the continental coasts of S, E, and SE Asia. Within this range it was absent only from extremely dry deserts, e.g. the driest regions of Mongolia and in China W of Sichuan; and alpine zones, such as the high altitudes of Pamir and Tien Shan. In recent centuries, the range of S. scrofa has changed dramatically because of hunting and changes in available habitat. The species disappeared from the British Is in the 17" century, from Denmark in the 19" century, and was greatly reduced in range and numbers in the 20" century from areas as distant as Tunisia, Sudan, Germany, and Russia. Following these severe declines, there were some slight population recoveries in Russia, Italy, Spain, and Germany in the mid-20™ century, and natural and assisted range expansions in Denmark and Sweden. The species has also been inadvertently reintroduced in various locations in the Great Britain via escapees of mixed origin from commercial farming enterprises. Ex-S. scrofa stocks also occur as introduced feral populations in various other parts of the world, including Australia, New Zealand, the eastern Malay Archipelago, and in North, Central, and South America. In all of these areas they are now generally recognized as a major pest. in Suidae
Subspecies and Distribution. S. s. scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 — W Europe, from Denmark, Germany, Poland, and Czech Republic to N Italy and N Iberian Peninsula; possibly also Albania. The taxonomic status of animals in Austria, Switzerland, Slovenia, and Slovakia is unclear but presumably these populations are included in scrofa, as are the populations of Sweden, Finland, and the Baltic states. However, restocking of once depleted populations, for example in Italy, has likely involved the introduction and mixing of this subspecies with other subspecies, such as attila. S. s. affinis Gray, 1847 — S India and Sri Lanka. S. s. algirus Loche, 1867 — Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco, on the coastal side of the mountains or in the low montane areas. S. s. attila Thomas, 1912 — Hungary, Ukraine, C & S Belarus, Romania, Moldova, and S Russia towards the N flank of the Caucasus, but not including the Transcaucasian countries of Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. The range possibly extends as far S as the Mesopotamian Delta in Iraq, in which case it would likely include W & SW Iran, and possibly E Turkey and Syria, where it borders with lybicus. Such a range could not be easily reconciled with a statement by Groves that "the difference between pigs from N and S of the Caucasus is quite striking; Transcaucasian boars are certainly not attila." This subspecies may also extend into C Asia and include Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan, but no data exist to support this. S. s. baeticus Thomas, 1912 — originally described from Coto Donana, S Spain, and later merged with meridionalis; also S Portugal. Unless evidence is found that these Italian and Iberian populations are the relics of a much larger formerly contiguous range, this subspecies should be kept as distinct. S. s. coreanus Heude, 1897 — Korean Peninsula. S. s. eristatus Wagner, 1839 — Himalayas S to C India and E to Indochina (N of the Kra Isthmus). S. s. davidi Groves, 1981 — the arid zone from E Iran to Gujarat, including Pakistan and NW India, and perhaps N to Tajikistan. S. s. leucomystax Temminck, 1842 — main Is ofJapan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Nakadori, Hiburijima, Tojima, Kushima, and other smaller Is). S. s. lybicus Gray, 1868 — Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey, Syria, Jordan, Israel, Palestine, in the past also in Lybia, and Egypt. The former Yugoslavia was included in its range, which would suggest that now Slovenia, Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, and Kosovo are within the range of this subspecies, although the exact boundaries are unclear. Pigs from Albania have been assigned to S. s. scrofa. S. s. majori De Beaux & Festa, 1927 — C & S Italian Peninsula. S. s. menidionalis Forsyth Major, 1882 — Corsica and Sardinia, with the proviso that the two populations are very likely to be introduced or feral. S. s. moupinensis Milne-Edwards, 1871 — China, S to Vietnam and W to Sichuan. S. s. nigripes Blanford, 1875 — the flanks of the Tianshan mountains in Kyrgyzstan and NW China (Xinjiang). An animal photographed in NE Iran (Golestan) looked like this subspecies. S. s. nukiuanus Kuroda, 1924 — Iriomote, Ishigaki, Okinawa, Tokunoshima, Amamioshima, and Kakerome Is in the Ryukyu chain in extreme S Japan, though some of these populations have hybridized with introduced domesticates. S. s. sibiricus Staffe, 1922 — Mongolia and Transbaikal (S & E of Lake Baikal). S. s. tawvanus Swinhoe, 1863 — Taiwan. S. s. ussuricus Heude, 1888 — far E Russia and the Manchurian region (China). Korean populations were previously included in this subspecies, but based on new evidence, the Korean taxon seems more similar to moupinensis. S. s. vittatus Boie, 1828 — Malay Peninsula, S of the Isthmus of Kra, the offshore islands of Terutai and Langkawi, Sumatra, Riau Archipelago, Java, Bali, and a range of smaller islands around these, including Babi, Bakong, Batam, Bawean, Bengkalis, Bintan, Bulan, Bunguran, Cuyo, Deli, Durian, Enggano, Galang, Jambongan, Karimon (Riau Is), Kundur, Lagong, Laut, Lingga, Lingung, Mapor, Moro Kecil, North Pagai, Nias, Panaitan, Payong, Penang, Pinie, Rupat, Siantan, Siberut, Simeulue, Singkep, Sugi, Sugi Bawa, Telibon, Tinggi, Tuangku, and the Tambelan Is. This species was originally present from the British Is in the extreme W, through Eurasia from S Scandinavia to S Siberia, extending as far E as Korea and Japan, and SE into some of the Sunda Is and Taiwan. In the S the species ranged along the Nile Valley to Khartoum, and N of the Sahara in Africa, more orless following the continental coasts of S, E, and SE Asia. Within this range it was absent only from extremely dry deserts, e.g. the driest regions of Mongolia and in China W of Sichuan; and alpine zones, such as the high altitudes of Pamir and Tien Shan. In recent centuries, the range of S. scrofa has changed dramatically because of hunting and changes in available habitat. The species disappeared from the British Is in the 17" century, from Denmark in the 19" century, and was greatly reduced in range and numbers in the 20" century from areas as distant as Tunisia, Sudan, Germany, and Russia. Following these severe declines, there were some slight population recoveries in Russia, Italy, Spain, and Germany in the mid-20™ century, and natural and assisted range expansions in Denmark and Sweden. The species has also been inadvertently reintroduced in various locations in the Great Britain via escapees of mixed origin from commercial farming enterprises. Ex-S. scrofa stocks also occur as introduced feral populations in various other parts of the world, including Australia, New Zealand, the eastern Malay Archipelago, and in North, Central, and South America. In all of these areas they are now generally recognized as a major pest.
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