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1,316 results for “Trade”
Energetic trade-offs in migration decision-making, reproductive effort, and subsequent parental care in a long-distance migratory bird
<p>Migratory species trade-off long-distance movement with survival and reproduction, but the spatiotemporal scales at which these decisions occur is relatively unknown. Technological and statistical advances allow fine-scale study of animal decision-making, improving our understanding of possible causes and therefore conservation management. We quantified effects of reproductive preparation during spring migration on subsequent breeding outcomes, breeding outcomes on autumn migration characteristics, and autumn migration characteristics on subsequent parental survival in Greenland white-fronted geese (<em>Anser albifrons flavirostris</em>). These are long-distance migratory birds with a ~50% population decline from 1999 to 2022. We deployed GPS-acceleration devices on adult females to quantify up to five years of individual decision-making throughout the annual cycle. Weather and habitat-use affected time spent feeding and overall dynamic body acceleration (i.e., energy expenditure) during spring and autumn. Geese that expended less energy and fed longer during spring were more likely to successfully reproduce. Geese with offspring expended more energy and fed for less time during autumn, potentially representing adverse fitness consequences of breeding. These behavioural comparisons among Greenland white-fronted geese improve our understanding of fitness trade-offs underlying abundance. We provide a reproducible framework for full annual cycle modelling using location and behaviour data, applicable to similarly studied migratory animals.</p>
F I G U R E 5 in Untangling the web: dynamics of Australia s online terrestrial invertebrate trade
F I G U R E 5 (a) Total number of invertebrate listings per State on the classifieds website, (b) classes of invertebrate for sale per State. Note: the Y axes are transformed to display less abundant classes.
F I G U R E 8 in Untangling the web: dynamics of Australia s online terrestrial invertebrate trade
F I G U R E 8 Reconstructed examples of classifieds listings with vague descriptions and poor-quality images.
F I G U R E 6 in Untangling the web: dynamics of Australia s online terrestrial invertebrate trade
F I G U R E 6 (a) Total number of invertebrate listings per State on online pet stores. (b) The classes of invertebrate each listing features. Y axis are log10 transformed to display less abundant classes.
F I G U R E 1 in Untangling the web: dynamics of Australia s online terrestrial invertebrate trade
F I G U R E 1 Species accumulation curve for invertebrate listings collected from the public classifieds website, representing the total cumulative number of species identified over time as listings were collected from the website.
F I G U R E 4 The top 10 in Untangling the web: dynamics of Australia s online terrestrial invertebrate trade
F I G U R E 4 The top 10 most popular invertebrate species in online pet stores, and those that also feature in the top 10 most popular species on the Australian classifieds website. Note that Urodacus elongatus (Flinders Ranges scorpion) has the same relative abundance in online pet stores as Exatosoma tiaratum (giant prickly stick insect), the overall most traded species online.
F I G U R E 7 in Untangling the web: dynamics of Australia s online terrestrial invertebrate trade
F I G U R E 7 (a) Histogram of mean species price-per-unit differences (AUD) between classifieds and online pet stores (classifieds price minus pet store price, i.e., negative price difference indicates that classifieds species are less expensive). Median value of 7.442 is represented by the red line. (b) Examples of species with large price differences on the two e-commerce platforms. Photo credits: (a) Rosie Steinberg, (b) Ajay Narendra, (c) Stephan Höhne.
F I G U R E 3 in Untangling the web: dynamics of Australia s online terrestrial invertebrate trade
F I G U R E 3 Bar graph of the top 10 most popular invertebrate species on the classifieds website by proportion of total listings, and those that also feature in the top 10 most popular species in online pet stores.
F I G U R E 2 in Untangling the web: dynamics of Australia s online terrestrial invertebrate trade
F I G U R E 2 (a) Total number of invertebrate orders traded on the classifieds website. (b) Total number of species within each invertebrate order traded on the classifieds website.
Dataset and code for submission of "Aesthetic values predict bird trade, but the association varies across product types and trade regions"
<p>Data and code used for analyses in the manuscript titled "Aesthetic values predict bird trade, but the association varies across product types and trade regions". The raw data files are given as .xlsx files for the trade data ("birdtrade_data_clean.xlsx" & "EU_birdtrade_data_clean.xlsx"), as a .csv file ("iratebirds_data_151122.csv") for the aeshtetic value data. and all final merged datasets used in the analysis and figure codes are given as .RData -files. All code is given as .R files.<br><br>The data descriptor is currently given in the submitted manuscript and it's supplements, and will be added here too in more detail upon acceptance of the manuscript.</p>
The macroeconomic determinants of trade openness in Latin American countries: A panel data analysis
<p><strong><span>Background:</span></strong><span> Trade openness shows a positive impact on economic growth, supported by economic theory, and export diversification and economic complexity show a positive dynamic in trade openness in the world; however, a specificity is generated in South American countries. Therefore, the objective of the research is to analyse the macroeconomic determinants of trade openness in Latin American countries.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Methods: </span></strong><span>The research approach was quantitative and explanatory using panel data methodology from the databases of the World Bank, Harvard University and the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean for the period 2000-2020.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Results: </span></strong><span>The fixed effects panel data model showed that the variables that had a negative impact on trade openness were GDP, the economic complexity index and the logistic performance index, while the variables that had a positive impact were exports of high-tech products (a proxy for innovation), exports, imports, research and development expenditure and interregional trade in goods.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Conclusions: </span></strong><span>Therefore, during the analysis period of 2000-2020 in South America, based on the panel data analysis under fixed effects, a total of 8 countries had a negative impact on trade openness, and only the economies of Chile, French Guiana, and Brazil had a positive impact on trade openness; these economies are characterized by their better performance in the economic complexity index, their higher percentage of budget for research and development expenses, and their trade policies oriented towards the industrialization of their value-added products.</span></p>
FRESH:COM Dynamic Participation in Local Energy Communities with Peer-to-Peer Trading
<p>This repository contains input data used for the case study in 'Dynamic Participation in Local Energy Communities with Peer-to-Peer Trading'</p>
Data for Ecology Letters paper: Jack-of-all-trades paradigm meets long-term data: generalist herbivores are more widespread and locally less abundant.
<p>Data, R-code, and meta-data document for a 2022 paper in Ecology Letters that examines assumptions about associations between local abundance and dietary specialization using an 18-year dataset of caterpillar-plant interactions in Ecuador. </p>
Dataset- Decarbonization of the Indian Electricity Sector: Technology Choices and Policy Trade-Offs
<p>Input and output data for 40 scenarios for the 2040 Indian electricity sector.</p> <p>Compatible with old versions of GenX: https://github.com/GenXProject/GenX, available upon request.</p> <p> </p>
The biodiversity and ecosystem service contributions and trade-offs of forest restoration approaches
<p>Forest restoration is being scaled-up globally to deliver critical ecosystem services and biodiversity benefits, yet we lack rigorous comparison of co-benefit delivery across different restoration approaches. In a global synthesis (Hua et al. 2022, Science; DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abl4649">10.1126/science.abl4649</a>), we use 25,950 matched data pairs from 264 studies in 53 countries to assess how delivery of climate, soil, water, and wood production services as well as biodiversity compares across a range of tree plantations and native forests. Carbon storage, water provisioning, and especially soil erosion control and biodiversity benefits are all delivered better by native forests, with compositionally simpler, younger plantations in drier regions performing particularly poorly. However, plantations exhibit an advantage in wood production. These results underscore important trade-offs among environmental and production goals that policymakers must navigate in meeting forest restoration commitments. The Excel file and the R code here are the datasets and analysis code that underlie the above study.</p>
Dataset for "Designing Microservice Systems Using Patterns: An Empirical Study on Quality Trade-Offs"
<p>This package provides all published resources used and produced in the context of the research study leading to the article <em>"Designing Microservice Systems Using Patterns: An Empirical Study on Quality Trade-Offs"</em>, presented in ICSA 2022's technical track.</p>
Data from: Riparian reforestation on the landscape scale – Navigating trade-offs among agricultural production, ecosystem functioning and biodiversity
<p> </p> <p><strong>Short description</strong></p> <p>This repository contains the relevant data and code used for the analyses of the scientific publication: "<em>Riparian reforestation on the landscape scale – Navigating trade-offs among agricultural production, ecosystem functioning and biodiversity</em>", published in the Journal of Applied Ecology.</p> <p>For further details please see the original article and its supplementary materials.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Organization of the data</strong></p> <p>The repository contains two main folders:</p> <p> 1. Target indicators & spatial analysis</p> <p><em>‘target indicators.csv’</em>: Measured variables that have been quantified at the CROSSLINK field sampling campaign in the Zwalm catchment (EPT taxa richness, diatoms functional evenness, cotton-strip assay).</p> <p><em>‘bio-suitability segments.csv’</em>: Biophysical suitability for food production of the arable land for each riparian segment of the Zwalm.</p> <p><em>‘spatial analysis.xlsx’</em>: Results of the Zwalm spatial analyses addressing land-use and physiographic properties of the (1) local riparian corridors; (2) full riparian corridors within in the upstream catchments and (3) total upstream catchment areas for each sampling site.</p> <p><em>‘Summary model development Zwalm.pptx’</em>: Additional information on the models that have been used in the CoMOLA optimization framework.</p> <p> 2. CoMOLA input & parameterisation</p> <p>The files in this folder can be used for the parameterisation of the Python tool CoMOLA (Strauch et al., 2019). Source for CoMOLA, including user manual: https://github.com/michstrauch/CoMOLA</p> <p><em>‘config.ini’</em>: Basic configuration file of CoMOLA (needs to be adjusted to local settings)</p> <p><em>‘input’ folder</em>: Includes the CoMOLA input files that have been used in our study. See CoMOLA manual for more details on each file.</p> <p><em>‘models’ folder</em>: Includes the Python code of the models that are used for the calculation of all target indicators within the optimization framework (‘Zwalm_4_Models_v1_utf8.py’). The sub-folders ‘GIS_temp_files’ and ‘Input’ contain all files that are needed and have been used to run the Python code.</p> <p> </p>
Food deprivation exposes sex-specific trade-offs between stress tolerance and lifespan in the copepod Tigriopus californicus
<p>Long life is standardly assumed to be associated with high stress tolerance. Previous work shows that the copepod <em>Tigriopus californicus</em> breaks this rule, with longer lifespan under benign conditions found in males, the sex with lower stress tolerance. Here we extended this previous work, raising animals from the same families in food-replete conditions until adulthood and then transferring them to food-limited conditions until all animals perished. As in previous work, survivorship under food-replete conditions favored males. However, under food deprivation lifespan strongly favored females in all crosses. Compared to benign conditions, average lifespan under nutritional stress was reduced by 47% in males but only 32% in females. Further, the sex-specific mitonuclear effects previously found under benign conditions were erased under food limited conditions. Results thus demonstrate that sex-specific lifespan, including mitonuclear interactions, are highly dependent on nutritional environment.</p>
DEBS 2022 Grand Challenge Data Set: Trading Data
<p>The data provided here as part of the DEBS 2022 Grand Challenge is based on real tick data captured by Infront Financial Technology GmbH for the complete week of November 8th to 14th, 2021 (i.e., five trading days Monday to Friday + Saturday and Sunday). The data set contains 289 million tick data events covering 5504 equities and indices that are traded on three European exchanges: Paris (FR), Amsterdam (NL), and Frankfurt (ETR). </p> <p>Some event notifications appear to come with no payload. This is due to the fact that the 2022 GC requires only a small subset of attributes to be evaluated; other attributes have been eliminated from the data set to minimize its overall size while keeping the amount of events to process unchanged.</p> <p>Further details on the data set, its syntax and its semantics can be found in the official DEBS 2022 Grand Challenge paper as part of the DEBS 2022 conference proceedings (please use this for citation): <br> <br> <em>Sebastian Frischbier, Jawad Tahir, Christoph Doblander, Arne Hormann, Ruben Mayer, and Hans-Arno Jacobsen. 2022. The DEBS 2022 Grand Challenge: Detecting Trading Trends in Financial Tick Data. In The 16th ACM International Conference on Distributed and Event-based Systems (DEBS ’22), </em>June 27-June 30<em>, 2022, Copenhagen. ACM, New York, NY, USA.</em></p> <p><strong>All files of the DEBS 2022 Grand Challenge Data Set “Trading Data” are provided as-is. By downloading and using this data you agree to the terms and conditions of the licensing agreement (CC by-nc-sa).</strong></p>
Changes in trait covariance along an orographic moisture gradient reveal the relative importance of light- and moisture-driven trade-offs in subtropical rainforest communities
<p>•<span> </span>A range of functional trait-based approaches have been developed to investigate community assembly processes, but most ignore how traits covary within communities. </p> <p>•<span> </span>We combined existing approaches (community-weighted means [CWMs] and functional dispersion [FDis]) with a metric of trait covariance to examine assembly processes in five angiosperm assemblages along a moisture gradient in Australia's subtropics. In addition to testing hypotheses about habitat filtering along the gradient, we hypothesised that trait covariance would be strongest at both ends of the moisture gradient and weakest in the middle, reflecting trade-offs associated with light capture in productive sites and moisture stress in dry sites.</p> <p>•<span> </span>CWMs revealed evidence of climatic filtering, but FDis patterns were less clear. As hypothesised, trait covariance was weakest in the middle of the gradient, but unexpectedly peaked at the second driest site due to the emergence of a clear drought tolerance – drought avoidance spectrum. At the driest site, the same spectrum was truncated at the 'avoider' end, revealing important information about habitat filtering in this system.</p> <p>•<span> </span>Our focus on trait covariance revealed the nature and strength of trade-offs imposed by light and moisture availability, and complemented insights gained about community assembly from existing trait-based approaches. </p>
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