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closedIPD-NOFeb 2026View details →

A Case-control Study of Costa Rican Adults With Myocardial Infarction

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03308838. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 6.

A Case-control Study to Assess the Association Between Environmental, Domestic and Occupational Exposures and the Risk of Testicular Germ Cell Tumor

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02109926. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 44.

closedIPD-NOFeb 2026View details →

Multiple Myeloma and Environmental Exposure to Pesticides in the French West Indies: A Population Based Case-control Study.

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04260490. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 2. Publications: 2.

Efficacy and Safety of Entacapone Combined With Madopar in the Treatment of Early Parkinson's Disease: An Observational, Multicenter, Case-Control Study

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06928519. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 7.

Case-Control Study on Analgesics and Nephropathy (SAN)

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00302835. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

publicJun 2019View details →

Data from: Activating Killer-cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptor genes confer risk for Crohn’s disease in children and adults of the Western European descent: findings based on case-control studies

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publicJul 2024View details →

Data from: A case-control study evaluating CT signs of xiphoid process associated with xiphodynia

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publicFeb 2017View details →

Data from: Skin autofluorescence and subclinical atherosclerosis in mild to moderate chronic kidney disease: a case-control study

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publicNov 2012View details →

Data from: Gene expression profiles of alveolar type II cells of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a case-control study

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opencc-zeroDec 2019View details →

Data from: Identification of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate on tissue specimens using Raman micro-spectroscopy: A diagnostic accuracy case-control study with multicohort validation

Background Prostate cancer (PC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in North American men. Pathologists are in critical need of accurate biomarkers to characterize PC, particularly to confirm the presence of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P), an aggressive histopathological variant for which therapeutic options are now available. Our aim was to identify IDC-P with Raman micro-spectroscopy and machine learning technology following a protocol suitable for routine clinical histopathology laboratories. Methods and findings We used Raman micro-spectroscopy to differentiate IDC-P from PC, as well as PC and IDC-P from benign tissue on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded first-line radical prostatectomy specimens (embedded in tissue microarrays, TMAs) from 483 patients treated in three Canadian institutions between 1993 and 2013. The main measures were the presence or absence of IDC-P and of PC, regardless of the clinical outcomes. Most of the 483 patients were pT2 stage (44–69%), and pT3a (22–49%) was more frequent than pT3b (9–12%). After approval of the construction of the TMAs by local ethics review board, the diagnostic accuracy study was approved by the Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) ethics review board. Briefly, two consecutive sections of each TMA block were cut. The first section was transferred onto a glass slide to perform immunohistochemistry with H&E counterstaining for cell identification. The second section was placed on an aluminum slide, dewaxed, and then used to acquire an average of 7 Raman spectra per specimen (between 4 and 24 Raman spectra, 4 acquisitions / TMA core). Raman spectra of each cell type were then analyzed to retrieve tissue-specific molecular information and to generate classification models using machine learning technology. Models were trained and cross-validated using data from one institution. Accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were respectively of 87 ± 5%, 86 ± 6% and 89 ± 8% to differentiate PC from benign tissue, and of 95 ± 2%, 96 ± 4% and 94 ± 2% respectively to differentiate IDC-P from PC. The trained models were then tested on data from two independent institutions, reaching accuracies, sensitivities and specificities of 84 and 86%, 84 and 87%, and 81 and 82%, respectively to diagnose PC, and of 85 and 91%, 85 and 88%, and 86 and 93% respectively for the identification of IDC-P. IDC-P could further be differentiated from high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN), a pre-malignant intraductal proliferation which can be mistaken as IDC-P, with accuracies, sensitivities and specificities >95% in both training and testing cohorts. As we used stringent criteria to diagnose IDC-P, the main limitation of our study is the exclusion of borderline, difficult to classify lesions from our datasets. Conclusions In this study, we developed classification models for the analysis of Raman micro-spectroscopy data to differentiate IDC-P, PC and benign tissue, including HGPIN. Raman micro-spectroscopy could be a next-generation histopathological technique used to reinforce the identification of high-risk PC patients and lead to more precise diagnosis of IDC-P.

opencc-zeroAug 2020View details →

Data from: Osteosarcopenia in reproductive-aged women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a multicenter case-control study

Context: Osteosarcopenia (loss of skeletal muscle and bone mass and/or function usually associated with aging) shares pathophysiological mechanisms with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, the relationship between osteosarcopenia and PCOS remains unclear. Objective: We evaluated skeletal muscle index% (SMI%=[appendicular muscle mass/weight {kg}]×100) and bone mineral density (BMD) in PCOS <a name="_Hlk36059693">(hyperandrogenism+oligoamenorrhea), and contrasted these musculoskeletal markers against 3 reproductive phenotypes: (1) HA (hyperandrogenism+eumenorrhea); (2) OA (normoandrogenic+oligoamenorrhea) and, (3) controls (normoandrogenic+eumenorrhea). </a>Endocrine predictors of SMI% and BMD were evaluated across groups. Design, Setting, Participants: Multicenter case-control study of 203 women (18–48y) in New York State. <a name="_Hlk36062204">Results:</a> PCOS group exhibited reduced SMI% (<a name="_Hlk35952064">mean [95%CI]; 26.2% [25.1,27.3] vs. 28.8% [27.7,29.8])</a>, lower-extremity SMI% (57.6% [56.7,60.0] vs. 62.5% [60.3,64.6]), and BMD (1.11 [1.08,1.14] vs. 1.17 [1.14,1.20] g/cm2) compared to controls. PCOS group also had decreased upper (0.72 [0.70,0.74] vs. 0.73 [0.71,0.76] g/cm2) and lower (1.13 [1.10,1.16] vs. 1.15 [1.12,1.18] g/cm2) limb BMD compared to HA. Matsuda index was lower in PCOS vs. controls and positively associated with SMI% in all groups (All:P≤0.05). Only controls showed associations between insulin-like-growth-factor-1 (IGF-1) and upper (r=0.84) and lower (r=0.72) limb BMD (All:P<0.01). Unlike in PCOS, IGF binding-protein-2 was associated with SMI% in controls (r=0.45) and HA (r=0.67), and with upper limb BMD (r=0.98) in HA (All:P<0.05). Conclusions: Women with PCOS exhibit early signs of osteosarcopenia compared to controls likely attributed to disrupted insulin function. Understanding the degree of musculoskeletal deterioration in PCOS is critical for implementing targeted interventions that prevent and delay osteosarcopenia in this clinical population.

opencc-zeroDec 2015View details →

Data from: Global assessment of the impact of type 2 diabetes on sleep through specific questionnaires. A case-control study

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is an independent risk factor for sleep breathing disorders. However, it is unknown whether T2D affects daily somnolence and quality of sleep independently of the impairment of polysomnographic parameters. Material and Methods: A case-control study including 413 patients with T2D and 413 non-diabetic subjects, matched by age, gender, BMI, and waist and neck circumferences. A polysomnography was performed and daytime sleepiness was evaluated using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). In addition, 135 subjects with T2D and 45 controls matched by the same previous parameters were also evaluated through the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to calculate sleep quality. Results: Daytime sleepiness was higher in T2D than in control subjects (p=0.003), with 23.9% of subjects presenting an excessive daytime sleepiness (ESS>10). Patients with fasting plasma glucose (FPG ?13.1 mmol/l) were identified as the group with a higher risk associated with an ESS>10 (OR 3.9, 95% CI 1.8-7.9, p=0.0003). A stepwise regression analyses showed that the presence of T2D, baseline glucose levels and gender but not polysomnographic parameters (i.e apnea-hyoapnea index or sleeping time spent with oxigen saturation lower than 90%) independently predicted the ESS score. In addition, subjects with T2D showed higher sleep disturbances [PSQI: 7.0 (1.0-18.0) vs. 4 (0.0-12.0), p<0.001]. Conclusion: The presence of T2D and high levels of FPG are independent risk factors for daytime sleepiness and adversely affect sleep quality. Prospective studies addressed to demonstrate whether glycemia optimization could improve the sleep quality in T2D patients seem warranted.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2024View details →

Periodontitis and Pre-eclampsia among Pregnant Women in Rwanda: A Case-Control Study.

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opencc-by-4.0May 2021View details →

How patients with mild dementia living in a nursing home benefit from dementia cafés: a case-control study focusing on psychological and behavioural symptoms and caregiver burden

Background: Dementia is a syndrome, mainly due to neurodegeneration, affecting cognition, behaviour, feelings and relationships. Pharmacological treatment is still challenging and thus different ways to improve/slow down the disease are necessary. Methods: Twenty-five subjects with mild dementia, living in a nursing home, and their relatives were invited to attend a dementia cafe, a community group which provides support for families affected by dementia. Each patient was evaluated by a neuropsychologist, through the administration of a specific neuropsychological battery, before and at the end of the study. Their outcomes were compared to a matched group of patients with dementia receiving psycho-counselling. Results: After the dementia cafe meetings, patients showed higher significant changes in mood (P < 0.01), behavioural symptoms (P < 0.001), quality of life (P < 0.001), and caregiver burden (P < 0.001). The control group significantly improved only in quality of life with a reduction of caregiver burden. Conclusions: Our findings confirm that patients with dementia may benefit from the dementia cafe, especially concerning behavioural symptoms. Moreover, caregivers find these cafés to be welcoming, relaxed places to socialise and access support and information. Future dementia cafés should create programs and comfortable environments answering to the different needs of the patients.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2024View details →

Phenotypes of painful TMD in discordant monozygotic twins according to a cognitive-behavioral-emotional model: a case-control study

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opencc-zeroDec 2017View details →

Data from: Association between aspirin dose and subarachnoid hemorrhage from saccular aneurysms: a case-control study

Objective: We aimed to determine the association between ruptured saccular aneurysms and aspirin use/aspirin dose. Methods: 4,701 patients who were diagnosed at the Massachusetts General Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital between 1990 and 2016 with 6,411 unruptured and ruptured saccular intracranial aneurysms were evaluated. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the association between aSAH and aspirin use, including aspirin dose. Inverse probability weighting using propensity scores was used to adjust for potential differences in baseline characteristics between cases and controls. Additional analyses were performed to examine the association of aspirin use and re-rupture prior to treatment. Results: In multivariate analysis with propensity score weighting, aspirin use (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.45-0.80) was significantly associated with decreased risk of ruptured intracranial aneurysms. There was a significant inverse dose-response relationship between aspirin dose and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.53-0.81). In contrast, there was a significant association between aspirin use and increased risk of re-rupture prior to treatment (OR 8.15, 95% CI 2.22-30.0). Conclusions: In this large case-control study, aspirin therapy at diagnosis was associated with a significantly decreased risk of subarachnoid hemorrhage, with an inverse dose-response relationship among aspirin users. However, once rupture has occurred, aspirin is associated with an increased risk of re-rupture prior to treatment.

opencc-zeroDec 2017View details →

Data from: Can perfusion CT unmask postictal stroke mimics? A case-control study of 133 patients

OBJECTIVE: To study the diagnostic value of volume perfusion CT (VPCT) in patients with transient focal neurological deficits following and during epileptic seizures, that mimic symptoms of stroke. METHODS: a retrospective case-control study was performed on 159 patients that presented with a seizure and received an emergency VPCT within the first 3.5 hours of admission, after being misjudged to have an acute stroke. The reference test was a clinical-based, EEG-supported diagnostic algorithm for seizure. RESULTS: We included 133 patients: 94 stroke-mimicking cases with postictal focal neurological deficits ("Todd's phenomenon", n=67) or ongoing seizure on hospital admission ("ictal patients", n=27), and 39 postictal controls without focal neurological deficits. Patients with Todd's phenomenon showed normal (64%), hypo (21%)- and hyperperfusion (14%) on early VPCT. Ictal patients displayed more hyperperfusion compared to postictal patients (p=0.015). Test sensitivity of hyperperfusion for ictal patients is 38% CI [20.7-57.7], specificity 86% CI [77.3-91.7], positive predictive value (ppv) is 42% CI [27.5-58.7], the negative predictive value (npv) 83% CI [78.6-86.9]. A cortical distribution was seen in all hyperperfusion scans, compared to a cortico-subcortical pattern in hypoperfusion (p<0.001). A history of complex focal seizure and age were associated with hyperperfusion (p= 0.046 and 0.038, respectively). CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class IV evidence that VPCT accurately differentiates ictal stroke mimics from acute ischemic stroke. CONCLUSION: VPCT can differentiate ictal stroke mimics with hyperperfusion from acute ischemic stroke, but not postictal patients who display perfusion patterns overlapping with ischemic stroke.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2023View details →

Nodding Syndrome, a Case-control Study in Mahenge, Tanzania: Onchocerca volvulus and not Mansonella perstans as Risk Factor

Background: Nodding syndrome (NS) has been consistently associated with onchocerciasis. Nevertheless, a positive association between NS and a Mansonella perstans infection was found in South Sudan. We aimed to determine whether the latter parasite could be a risk factor for NS in Mahenge. Methods: Cases of epilepsy were identified in villages affected by NS in Mahenge, Tanzania, and matched with controls without epilepsy of the same sex, age and village. We examined blood films of cases and controls to identify M. perstans infections. The participants were also asked for sociodemographic and epilepsy information, examined for palpable onchocercal nodules and onchocerciasis-related skin lesions and tested for anti-Onchocerca volvulus antibodies (Ov16 IgG4) by ELISA. Clinical characteristics of cases and controls, O. volvulus exposure status and relevant sociodemographic variables were assessed by a conditional logistic regression model for NS and epilepsy status matched for age, sex and village. Results: A total of 113 epilepsy cases and 132 controls were enrolled, of which, respectively, 56 (49.6%) and 64 (48.5%) were men. The median age in cases and controls was 28.0 (IQR: 22.0–35.0) and 27.0 (IQR: 21.0-33.3) years. Of the persons with epilepsy, 43 (38.1%) met the probable NS criteria and 106 (93.8%) had onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy (OAE). M. perstans infection was absent in all participants, while Ov16 seroprevalence was positively associated with probable NS (odds ratio (OR): 5.05, 95%CI: 1.79–14.27) and overall epilepsy (OR: 2.03, 95%CI: 1-07–3.86). Moreover, onchocerciasis-related skin manifestations were only found in the cases (n = 7, p=0.0040), including persons with probable NS (n=4, p=0.0033). Residing longer in the village and having a family history of seizures were positively correlated with Ov16 status and made persons at higher odds for epilepsy, including

ClinicalTrials.gov28/100

Observational Multicenter Case-control Study to Assess Nailfold Capillary Abnormalities in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02801812. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 0. Publications: 3.

closedIPD-NOFeb 2026View details →

ClinicalTrials.gov28/100

Metabolomics and Breast Cancer Risk in a Nested Case-control Study of the Cancer Prevention Study-II Nutrition Cohort

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03282812. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 0. Publications: 2.