Find research datasets worth reusing

FIGURE 31 in Review of crayfish color patterns in the Family Cambaridae (Astacoidea), with discussion of their possible importance

FIGURE 31. Possible convergent evolution shown in the camouflage color patterns found in two species in different genera within the family Cambaridae, Barbicambarus cornutus and Cambarus rusticiformis with a species from the family Astacidae, Pacifastacus gambelii. Photo of Pacifastacus gambelii by Eric Larson.

FIGURE 24. Partial cladogram from Taylor & Knouft 2006 showing Clade B in Review of crayfish color patterns in the Family Cambaridae (Astacoidea), with discussion of their possible importance

FIGURE 24. Partial cladogram from Taylor & Knouft 2006 showing Clade B, and indicating that Faxonius wrighti, Faxonius erichsonianus, and Faxonius spinosus are closely related species, but were originally put into separate subgenera.

FIGURE 27 in Review of crayfish color patterns in the Family Cambaridae (Astacoidea), with discussion of their possible importance

FIGURE 27. Comparison of color patterns of Procambarus suttkusi and Procambarus spiculifer from Subclade A with the color patterns of Procambarus vioscai paynei and Procambarus versutus from Subclade B.

FIGURE 20 in Review of crayfish color patterns in the Family Cambaridae (Astacoidea), with discussion of their possible importance

FIGURE 20. Modified distribution map showing the distribution of Faxonius putnami and Faxonius spinosus before evaluation of color patterns (modified from Taylor 2000).

FIGURE 21 in Review of crayfish color patterns in the Family Cambaridae (Astacoidea), with discussion of their possible importance

FIGURE 21. Comparison of color patterns and mesial view of gonopods of Faxonius putnami from the Cumberland and Green rivers in Kentucky and Tennessee and formerly Faxonius putnami from the Tennessee River in northern Alabama.

FIGURE 23 in Review of crayfish color patterns in the Family Cambaridae (Astacoidea), with discussion of their possible importance

FIGURE 23. Modified distribution map showing the distribution of Faxonius putnami, Faxonius yanahlindus, and Faxonius spinosus after evaluation of color patterns (modified from Taylor 2000).

FIGURE 19 in Review of crayfish color patterns in the Family Cambaridae (Astacoidea), with discussion of their possible importance

FIGURE 19. Comparison of color patterns and mesial view of gonopods of Faxonius perfectus and Faxonius palmeri palmeri.

FIGURE 14 in Review of crayfish color patterns in the Family Cambaridae (Astacoidea), with discussion of their possible importance

FIGURE 14. Camouflage color patterns found in Cambarus cracens, Faxonius jonesi, Faxonius lancifer, Cambarus rusticiformis, Cambarellus shufeldtii, and Hobbseus prominens.

FIGURE 2 in Review of crayfish color patterns in the Family Cambaridae (Astacoidea), with discussion of their possible importance

FIGURE 2. Lacunicambarus ludovicianus, right specimen from Alabama, left specimen from Missouri. Showing variation of prominent base color.

FIGURE 9 in Review of crayfish color patterns in the Family Cambaridae (Astacoidea), with discussion of their possible importance

FIGURE 9. Dorsal abdominal band variations found in Lacunicambarus aff. diogenes, Faxonius spinosus, Procambarus paeninsulanus, and Cambarus scotti.

FIGURE 12 in Review of crayfish color patterns in the Family Cambaridae (Astacoidea), with discussion of their possible importance

FIGURE 12. Variation in tail fan color patterns in Barbicambarus cornutus, Faxonius perfectus, Lacunicambarus diogenes, and Procambarus vioscai paynei.

FIGURE 11 in Review of crayfish color patterns in the Family Cambaridae (Astacoidea), with discussion of their possible importance

FIGURE 11. Variation in dorsal carapace saddle patterns in Barbicambarus cornutus, Cambarus lentiginosus, Faxonius durelli, Procambarus vioscai paynei, Faxonius cooperi, and Faxonius compressus.

opennotspecifiedJul 2020View details →

FIGURE 1 in A new species of Hemiphyllodactylus Bleeker (Squamata; Gekkonidae) from Peninsular Thailand that converges in morphology and color pattern on Pseudogekko smaragdinus (Taylor) from the Philippines

FIGURE 1. Confirmed localities of Hemiphyllodactylus pardalis sp. nov. and other species of Hemiphyllodactylus known from Thailand. The type locality of H. pardalis sp. nov. is indicated with a square; other localities are indicated with circles. Data for H. chiangmaiensis come from Grismer et al. (2014), data for H. flaviventris and H. khlonglanensis come from Sukprasert et al. (2018), data for H. cf. yunnanensis come from Zug (2010 and pers. comm, 2020), and data for H. typus come from voucher photos from Khao Luang, Nakkon Si Thammarat (LSUDPC 11147–50) in the south and Khao Yai, Nakkon Ratchasima (LSUDPC 11151–54) in the north. Photo thumbnail illustrates the paratype of Hemiphyllodactylus pardalis sp. nov. (AUP-00766, adult female), photo by Parinya Pawangkhanant.

opencc-zeroJan 2021View details →

Genomic architecture of a genetically assimilated seasonal color pattern

Developmental plasticity allows genomes to encode multiple distinct phenotypes that can be differentially manifested in response to environmental cues. Alternative plastic phenotypes can be selected through a process called genetic assimilation; although the mechanisms are still poorly understood. We assimilated a seasonal wing color phenotype in a naturally plastic population of butterflies, and characterized three responsible genes. Combined with endocrine assays, and chromatin accessibility and conformation analyses, we found that the transition of wing coloration from an environmentally determined trait to a predominantly genetic trait occurred through selection for regulatory alleles of downstream wing patterning genes. This mode of genetic evolution is likely favored by selection because it allows tissue- and trait-specific tuning of reaction norms without affecting core cue detection or transduction mechanisms.

opencc-zeroDec 2014View details →

Data from: Glowing seashells: diversity of fossilized coloration patterns on coral reef-associated cone snail (Gastropoda: Conidae) shells from the Neogene of the Dominican Republic

The biology of modern Conidae (cone snails)—which includes the hyperdiverse genus Conus—has been intensively studied, but the fossil record of the clade remains poorly understood, particularly within an evolutionary framework. Here, ultraviolet light is used to reveal and characterize the original shell coloration patterns of 28 species of cone snails from three Neogene coral reef-associated deposits from the Cibao Valley, northern Dominican Republic. These fossils come from the upper Miocene Cercado Fm. and lower Pliocene Gurabo Fm., and range in age from about 6.6-4.8 Ma. Comparison of the revealed coloration patterns with those of extant species allow the taxa to be assigned to three genera of cone snails (Profundiconus, Conasprella, and Conus) and at least nine subgenera. Thirteen members of these phylogenetically diverse reef faunas are described as new species. These include: Profundiconus? hennigi, Conasprella (Ximeniconus) ageri, Conus anningae, Conus lyelli, Conus (Atlanticonus?) franklinae, Conus (Stephanoconus) gouldi, Conus (Stephanoconus) bellacoensis, Conus (Ductoconus) cashi, Conus (Dauciconus) garrisoni, Conus (Dauciconus?) zambaensis, Conus (Spuriconus?) kaesleri, Conus (Spuriconus?) lombardii, and Conus (Lautoconus?) carlottae. Each of the three reef deposits contain a minimum of 14–16 cone snail species, levels of diversity that are similar to modern Indo-Pacific reef systems. Finally, most of the 28 species can be assigned to modern clades and thus have important implications for understanding the biogeographic and temporal histories of these clades in tropical America.

opencc-zeroDec 2015View details →

Data from: Alternative mating tactics in male chameleons (Chamaeleo chamaeleon) are evident in both long-term body color and short-term courtship pattern

Alternative mating tactics in males of various taxa are associated with body color, body size, and social status. Chameleons are known for their ability to change body color following immediate environmental or social stimuli. In this study, we examined whether the differential appearance of male common chameleon during the breeding season is indeed an expression of alternative mating tactics. We documented body color of males and used computer vision techniques to classify images of individuals into discrete color patterns associated with seasons, individual characteristics, and social contexts. Our findings revealed no differences in body color and color patterns among males during the non-breeding season. However, during the breeding season males appeared in several color displays, which reflected body size, social status, and behavioral patterns. Furthermore, smaller and younger males resembled the appearance of small females. Consequently, we suggest that long-term color change in males during the breeding season reflects male alternative mating tactics. Upon encounter with a receptive female, males rapidly alter their appearance to that of a specific brief courtship display, which reflects their social status. The females, however, copulated indiscriminately in respect to male color patterns. Thus, we suggest that the differential color patterns displayed by males during the breeding season are largely aimed at inter-male signaling.

opencc-zeroDec 2014View details →

Data from: Quantitative genetic analyses of male color pattern and female mate choice in a pair of cichlid fishes of Lake Malawi, East Africa

The traits involved in sexual selection, such as male secondary sexual characteristics and female mate choice, often co-evolve which can promote population differentiation. However, the genetic architecture of these phenotypes can influence their evolvability and thereby affect the divergence of species. The extraordinary diversity of East African cichlid fishes is often attributed to strong sexual selection and thus this system provides an excellent model to test predictions regarding the genetic architecture of sexually selected traits that contribute to reproductive isolation. In particular, theory predicts that rapid speciation is facilitated when male sexual traits and female mating preferences are controlled by a limited number of linked genes. However, few studies have examined the genetic basis of male secondary sexual traits and female mating preferences in cichlids and none have investigated the genetic architecture of both jointly. In this study, we artificially hybridized a pair of behaviorally isolated cichlid fishes from Lake Malawi and quantified both melanistic color pattern and female mate choice. We investigated the genetic architecture of both phenotypes using quantitative genetic analyses. Our results suggest that 1) many non-additively acting genetic factors influence melanistic color patterns, 2) female mate choice may be controlled by a minimum of 1–2 non-additive genetic factors, and 3) F2 female mate choice is not influenced by male courting effort. Furthermore, a joint analysis of color pattern and female mate choice indicates that the genes underlying these two traits are unlikely to be physically linked. These results suggest that reproductive isolation may evolve rapidly owing to the few genetic factors underlying female mate choice. Hence, female mate choice likely played an important role in the unparalleled speciation of East African cichlid fish.

opencc-zeroJul 2019View details →

Data from: Consistent female preference for rare and unfamiliar male color patterns in wild guppy populations

How genetic variation is maintained in ecologically important traits is a central question in evolutionary biology. Male Trinidadian guppies, Poecilia reticulata, exhibit high genetic variation in color patterns within populations, and field and laboratory studies implicate negative frequency-dependent selection in maintaining this variation. However, behavioral and ecological processes that mediate this selection in natural populations are poorly understood. We evaluated female mate preference in 11 natural guppy populations, including paired populations from high-and low-predation habitats, to determine if this behavior is responsible for negative frequency-dependent selection and to evaluate its prevalence in nature. Females directed significantly more attention to males with rare and unfamiliar color patterns than to males with common patterns. Female attention also increased with the area of male orange coloration, but this preference was independent of the preference for rare and unfamiliar patterns. We also found an overall effect of predation regime; females from high-predation populations directed more attention toward males than those from low-predation populations. Again, however, the habitat-linked preference was statistically independent from the preference for rare and unfamiliar patterns. Because previous research indicates that female attention to males predicts male mating success, we conclude that the prevalence of female preference for males with rare and unfamiliar color patterns across many natural populations supports the hypothesis that female preference is an important process underlying the maintenance of high genetic variation in guppy color patterns.

opennotspecifiedDec 2008View details →

FIGURES 60–63. Color patterns. 60–61 in A monograph of the genus Westwoodia (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)

FIGURES 60–63. Color patterns. 60–61, Westwoodia ruficeps from Queensland; 60, habitus; 61, wings, arrow = pale stigma. 62, holotype, W. romani, n. sp., petiole with dark, crescent-shaped transverse line (arrow). 63, neotype, W. ruficeps, petiole, arrow = large, membranous laterotergite.