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95 results for “contests”
Data and code for: Male-male contest limits the expression of assortative mate preferences in a polymorphic poison frog
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Data from: Fighting in rounds: males of a Neotropical cricket switch assessment strategies during contests
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Data from: Stomatopods detect and assess achromatic cues in contests
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Data from: Effects of prior contest experience and contest outcome on female reproductive decisions and offspring fitness
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Data from: Prior experience and contest outcome: winner effects persist in absence of evident loser effects in a parasitoid wasp
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The angle of attack: Rapping technique predicts skill in hermit crab contests
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Data from: Contests with deadly weapons: telson sparring in mantis shrimp (Stomatopoda)
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Data from: Let the most motivated win: resource value components affect contest outcome in a parasitoid wasp
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Data from: Song rate as a signal of male aggressiveness during territorial contests in the wood warbler
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Data from: The battle of the sexes over seed size: support for both kinship genomic imprinting and interlocus contest evolution
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Data from: Game of webs: species and web structure influence contest outcome in black widow spiders
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Winner effects and switching assessment strategies facilitate fast and frugal decisions in territorial contests
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Data from Effects of social experience, aggressiveness and comb size on contest success in male domestic fowl
<p class="04Abstract"><span>The ability to dominate conspecifics and thereby gain access to resources depends on a number of traits and skills. Experience of dominance relationships during development is a potential source of learning such skills. We here study the importance of social experience, aggressiveness, and morphological traits for competitiveness in social interactions (winning duels) in male domestic fowl (<i>Gallus gallus domesticus</i>). We let males grow up either as a single (dominant) male or as an intermediately ranked male in a group of males, and measured their success in duels against different opponents. We found that single-raised males had lower competitive ability than group-raised males, and that aggression and comb size had positive effects on competitive ability. This indicates that experience of dominance interactions increases future success in duels. We similarly studied the consequences of growing up as a dominant or subordinate in a pair of males, finding no statistically significant effect of the dominance position on competitive ability. Finally, we found that males were consistent over time in competitive ability. We conclude that social experience increases competitive ability in male domestic fowl, but that certain behavioural and morphological characteristics have an equal or even stronger influence on duel outcomes.</span></p>
Rapid beard darkening predicts contest outcome, not copulation success, in bearded dragon lizards
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Rapid colour change is widespread in animals and allows them to respond dynamically to the physical and social environment. However, few studies have examined the information conveyed by dynamic colour signals in different social contexts, such as courtship and rivalry contests. Furthermore, dynamic colour change on different body regions may be subject to different selection pressures and therefore serve different functions. We tested whether male colour or colour change predict contest outcome in male-male interactions, or the likelihood of copulation attempts in male-female interactions in the central bearded dragon, <i>Pogona vitticeps</i>. The extent of beard darkening strongly predicted contest outcome, but neither colour (beard, dorsal) nor colour change predicted copulation attempts. <span><span>Dorsal colour showed little consistent change and did not predict contest outcome or copulation attempts. </span></span>Previous work shows that dorsal but not beard colour change occurs in response to both background colour and temperature in the laboratory and in the wild. <a name="_Hlk33037262">Taken together, these results indicate that dynamic colour change in bearded dragons varies in relation to social context and can serve different functions depending on the body region.</a> Our data add to the growing appreciation of how rapid colour change enables animals to accommodate the multiple functions of colour, including communication to different receivers, camouflage and thermoregulation.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Data from: Weaponry and defenses in fighting animals: how allometry can alter predictions from contest theory
Theoretical models have been developed to understand how animals decide to withdraw from a contest. They provide testable predictions regarding the relationship between resource holding potential (RHP) and contest duration that assume linear relationships among RHP traits. However, RHP traits might scale with body size according to power laws. Furthermore, investment across different RHP traits may vary. Herein, we provide a model that encompasses the allometric relationship between body size and other RHP traits. First, we partition RHP traits into "offensive" traits (i.e., the ability to inflict damage) and "defensive" traits (i.e., persistence in a contest). Defensive traits may in turn be subdivided into "damage endurance" (DE) or the ability to absorb damage and "stamina." We then model scenarios where: 1) there are power relationships among RHP traits; 2) individuals invest differently in defensive and offensive traits; 3) offensive traits and DE have a positive/negative relationship with body size. We modeled sized-matched injurious contests where 1) offensive capacity (OC) increases superlinearly with body size, 2) DE increases superlinearly, and 3) OC increases superlinearly but DE increases sublinearly. Our analyses indicate that if RHP traits scale linearly current predictions are upheld for injurious contests—contest duration increases with body size. However, with power relationships we can expect nonlinear relationships. Here, contest duration increased with body size until a maximum, decreasing afterwards. Thus, considering allometric relationships between body size and RHP traits may lead to new insights in animal contest theory and may help to solve discrepancies between current theory and empirical data.
Data from: Losing reduces maximum bite performance in house cricket contests
Whole-organism performance capacities influence male combat outcomes in many animal species. However, several species also exhibit winner and loser effects, and current theory predicts that losers are more likely to lose again due to a decrease in aggression following defeat, not because of any change in underlying maximum performance capacity. To test the effect of fight experience on performance, we measured the maximum bite force of male Acheta domesticus crickets that were pitted against size-matched opponents in staged fights. Winners then fought a second contest against other winners while losers fought other losers, after which we measured the change in bite force in all contest crickets and in a control group that did not take part in any contests. Bite force predicted fight outcomes in the first round, and losing the first fight had a significant effect on bite force, leading to a 20% decrease in relative bite force compared to crickets that won both rounds. However, winning did not increase performance as there was no difference between those that won the first round and those that never experienced a loss, nor did winning a second bout alleviate the negative effects on realized bite performance of losing an initial bout. Past defeats can therefore alter the realized short-term maximal performance of traits that contribute to contest outcomes independent of maximum performance limits set by morphology.
Data from: Contest dynamics and assessment strategies in combatant monkey beetles (Scarabaeidae: Hopliini)
Some of the most striking examples of intrasexual contest competition are to be found in the insects, whose weaponry and contest behaviours have become highly intricate and diverse. Game theory has been used as a basis to develop models of the competitive assessment strategies that may be used by males to either judge their probability of winning by comparing their own fighting ability to that of their opponents, or to persist in contests for a period determined only by their own fighting ability. Conclusions from empirical studies about the means of assessment in their study systems have not, however, always been clear. In view of this, some authors have suggested that utilizing a broad suite of data concerning multiple facets of the study system may assist in gaining clearer insights into animal contests and assessment strategies. The present study integrates data on contest behaviour, weapon morphology, residency effects, cost accumulation, and correlates of contest success, to test game theory-informed models of competitive assessment strategies in the sexually dimorphic monkey beetle Heterochelus chiragricus. We found that males of all sizes engaged aggressively in intrasexual contests for mating access to sedentary females, utilizing their hypertrophied hind legs as weapons. Contest outcome was determined by hind femur size and strongly influenced by residency effects. We found mixed support for both pure self-assessment and mutual assessment contest strategies. Such inconclusive findings are not uncommon in animal contest assessment studies, even when contest cost and RHP data are contextualized with behavioural and ecological data.
Data from: Chameleons communicate with complex colour changes during contests: different body regions convey different information
Many animals display static coloration (e.g. of feathers or fur) that can serve as a reliable sexual or social signal, but the communication function of rapidly changing colours (as in chameleons and cephalopods) is poorly understood. We used recently developed photographic and mathematical modelling tools to examine how rapid colour changes of veiled chameleons Chamaeleo calyptratus predict aggressive behaviour during male–male competitions. Males that achieved brighter stripe coloration were more likely to approach their opponent, and those that attained brighter head coloration were more likely to win fights; speed of head colour change was also an important predictor of contest outcome. This correlative study represents the first quantification of rapid colour change using organism-specific visual models and provides evidence that the rate of colour change, in addition to maximum display coloration, can be an important component of communication. Interestingly, the body and head locations of the relevant colour signals map onto the behavioural displays given during specific contest stages, with lateral displays from a distance followed by directed, head-on approaches prior to combat, suggesting that different colour change signals may evolve to communicate different information (motivation and fighting ability, respectively).
Dynamics of dominance: maneuvers, contests, and assessment in the posture-scale movements of interacting zebrafish
<p>This is the dataset of the paper "<strong>Dynamics of dominance</strong>:<strong> </strong><i><strong>maneuvers, contests, and assessment in the posture-scale movements of interacting zebrafish</strong></i>".</p><h2>Contents</h2><h4>Very useful data</h4><ol><li>tracking_results.zip. This file contains the tracking results for all 22 experiments. <strong>This is the most useful file to download.</strong></li><li>fight_detection_data.zip. This file contains the data that was originally clustered to build the fight detector (see the paper). This is the same data that you need if you want to use the fight detector yourself.</li></ol><h4>Other data</h4><ol><li>Files of the form FishTank*.zip. These contain the raw output of idtracker.ai and SLEAP that were used to track the experiments. These files are only useful if you want to re-track from the very beginning. Even then, a slightly modified verison of this data is available in tracking_results.zip (for all experiments), and that may be what you want. These files are mainly for posterity.</li><li>PCA_data.zip. This is cached data that can be recomputed from the trajectory data. See the paper, and the code in the github.</li><li>tmat_and_infomap_generation_data.zip & infomap_data.zip & infomap_tau_sweep_data.zip. These contain the output of the calculations for the main infomap calculation, and the tau sweep calculation. See the paper and github.</li></ol><p> </p><h2>Code</h2><p>See <a href="https://github.com/liamshock/Dynamics_of_dominance">https://github.com/liamshock/Dynamics_of_dominance</a></p>
Using Open Contest and Neuro-influence Experiment to Develop and Evaluate PrEP Promotion Messages for High Risk Men
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04166851. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.