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FIGURE 2 in Studies on Oberonia 2 (Orchidaceae: Malaxideae): Oberonia aureolabris, a new species discovered in cultivation
FIGURE 2. Oberonia aureolabris, SEM images of flowers from the holotype. A–C. Frontal. D–E. Oblique. F. Medial without floral bract. G–H. Medial with floral bracts (scale bar = 1 mm). Arrows point to an irregular serration between main lateral lobe and base of lip.
FIGURE 1. Oberonia aureolabris. A in Studies on Oberonia 2 (Orchidaceae: Malaxideae): Oberonia aureolabris, a new species discovered in cultivation
FIGURE 1. Oberonia aureolabris. A. Habit (scale bar = 10 cm). B. Portion of inflorescence (scale bar = 10 mm). C. Enlarged portion of B (scale bar = 1 mm). D. Lateral view of flower showing inflated sac (scale bar = 1 mm). E. Frontal view of flower showing lateral lobes and fine serrations towards base (scale bar = 1 mm). B–C: z-stacked on stereomicroscope. D–E: z-stacked on compound microscope. (Photographs of the material that became the type.)
FIGURE 4 in Studies on Oberonia 2 (Orchidaceae: Malaxideae): Oberonia aureolabris, a new species discovered in cultivation
FIGURE 4. Oberonia species similar to O. aureolabris. A. SEM of flower of Oberonia lotsyana (K 52868, Comber 1724). B–F. Oberonia rufilabris. B. HNT 13047, ex cult. C. L17649. unknown/s.n. Slope of Gurung Penrissen, Borneo, Indonesia. D. L18987. Hortus Singapore 2790. E. L19257. Hortus Singapore/s.n. Ubi. F. Private collection. Z-stack of 67 images on compound microscope. Note orange pollinaria (scale bar = 1 mm).
FIGURE 3 in Studies on Oberonia 2 (Orchidaceae: Malaxideae): Oberonia aureolabris, a new species discovered in cultivation
FIGURE 3. Oberonia aureolabris, SEM details of flowers from the holotype. A–C. Inflated disc frontal (arrows highlight constriction in the panduriform disc. *: sac). D. Oblique view of inflated disc. E. Cell on middle of lip with glabrous pneumate surface sculpture (scale bars = 100 μm).
FIGURE 2. Peliosanthes ligniradicis under cultivation. A. Flowering plant. B and C in Peliosanthes ligniradicis, a new species (Asparagaceae) from Arunachal Pradesh, NE India
FIGURE 2. Peliosanthes ligniradicis under cultivation. A. Flowering plant. B and C. Venation of leaf blade: adaxial (B) and abaxial (C). D. Detail of inflorescence. E. Fertile bract. F–K. Flowers: F. Front view. G. Side view slightly from below. H. Side view slightly from above. I. Longitudinal section. J. Corona with six anthers and upper part of pistil; perianth segments removed. K. Cross section of ovary.
Data from: Seed size evolution and biogeography of Plukenetia (Euphorbiaceae), a pantropical genus with traditionally cultivated oilseed species
Background: Plukenetia is a small pantropical genus of lianas and vines with variably sized edible oil-rich seeds that presents an ideal system to investigate neotropical and pantropical diversification patterns and seed size evolution. We assessed the biogeography and seed evolution of Plukenetia through phylogenetic analyses of a 5,069 character molecular dataset comprising five nuclear and two plastid markers for 86 terminals in subtribe Plukenetiinae (representing 20 of ~23 Plukenetia species). Two nuclear genes, KEA1 and TEB, were used for phylogenetic reconstruction for the first time. Our goals were: (1) produce a robust, time-dependent evolutionary framework for Plukenetia using BEAST; (2) reconstruct its biogeographical history with ancestral range estimation in BioGeoBEARS; (3) define seed size categories; (4) identify patterns of seed size evolution using ancestral state estimation; and (5) conduct regression analyses with putative drivers of seed size using the threshold model. Results: Plukenetia was resolved into two major groups, which we refer to as the pinnately- and palmately-veined clades. Our analyses suggest Plukenetia originated in the Amazon or Atlantic Forest of Brazil during the Oligocene (28.7 Mya) and migrated/dispersed between those regions and Central America/Mexico throughout the Miocene. Trans-oceanic dispersals explain the pantropical distribution of Plukenetia, including from the Amazon to Africa in the Early Miocene (17.4 Mya), followed by Africa to Madagascar and Africa to Southeast Asia in the Late Miocene (9.4 Mya) and Pliocene (4.5 Mya), respectively. We infer a single origin of large seeds in the ancestor of Plukenetia. Seed size fits a Brownian motion model of trait evolution and is moderately to strongly associated with plant size, fruit type/dispersal syndrome, and seedling ecology. Biome shifts were not drivers of seed size, although there was a weak association with a transition to fire prone semi-arid savannas. Conclusions: The major relationships among the species of Plukenetia are now well-resolved. Our biogeographical analyses support growing evidence that many pantropical distributions developed by periodic trans-oceanic dispersals throughout the Miocene and Pliocene. Selection on a combination of traits contributed to seed size variation, while movement between forest edge/light gap and canopy niches likely contributed to the seed size extremes in Plukenetia.
FIGURE 3. Auricularia heimuer. A–D cultivated basidiomata. E in Species clarification of the most important and cultivated Auricularia mushroom "Heimuer": evidence from morphological and molecular data
FIGURE 3. Auricularia heimuer. A–D cultivated basidiomata. E wild basidiomata (holotype). Scale bars: B = 10 cm, D–E = 5 cm.
FIGURE 2 in Species clarification of the most important and cultivated Auricularia mushroom "Heimuer": evidence from morphological and molecular data
FIGURE 2. Maximum parsimony strict consensus tree illustrating the phylogeny of Auricularia based on ITS+nLSU sequences. Branches are labeled with parsimony bootstrap proportions (before slanting line) higher than 50% and Bayesian posterior probabilities (after slanting line) more than 0.95.
FIGURE 1 in Species clarification of the most important and cultivated Auricularia mushroom "Heimuer": evidence from morphological and molecular data
FIGURE 1. Maximum parsimony strict consensus tree illustrating the phylogeny of Auricularia based on ITS sequences. Branches are labeled with parsimony bootstrap proportions (before slanting line) higher than 50% and Bayesian posterior probabilities (after slanting line) more than 0.95.
FIGURE 4 in Species clarification of the most important and cultivated Auricularia mushroom "Heimuer": evidence from morphological and molecular data
FIGURE 4. Microscopic structures of Auricularia heimuer (photographed from the holotype). A Cross-section displaying medulla. B abhymenial hairs. C–D Basidia (indicated by a). E–F Basidiospores. Bars: A = 100 μm; B = 10 µm; C = 20 µm; D–E = 10 μm; F = 5 µm.
FIGURE 2. Xanthosoma isabellanum. A. Cultivated plant. B. Inflorescence and two leaves. C in Anthurium gallardoae and Xanthosoma isabellanum (Araceae), two new species from coastal Ecuador
FIGURE 2. Xanthosoma isabellanum. A. Cultivated plant. B. Inflorescence and two leaves. C. Inflorescence at anthesis. D. Longitudinally sectioned inflorescence displaying the purple interior of lower spathe, pistillate flowers, and sterile portion fully covered by staminodia.
FIGURE 1. Mahonia lancasteri. A. Habit. B. Leaf underside. C, D in Mahonia lancasteri (Berberidaceae), a new species originating from Sichuan (China) described from cultivation
FIGURE 1. Mahonia lancasteri. A. Habit. B. Leaf underside. C, D. Leaves of three different cultivated forms of M. bealei (left) and M. lancasteri (extreme right), adaxial (C) and abaxial views (D). E. Top of a main raceme showing bifurcations. F. Flower with some sepals removed. G. Stamen. H. Pistil. I. Infructescence. J. Young fruit showing immature seeds. K. Young plant with three simple racemes. L. Flowering raceme. M. Flowering raceme showing conspicuous bracts. N. O. Mature plant and inflorescences. P. Mature plant with inflorescences at bud stage. Q. Mahonia lancasteri, with Roy Lancaster (left) and Mikinori Ogisu in Lezhi county, Sichuan, China (2012). Scale bars represent 10 cm (A, B, C, D, K, N, O, P), 10 mm (A, B, C, D, M) or 5 mm (G, J, H). All photos by O. Colin except Q by John Massey.
Test of cultivation of different macroalgae species and structures in shrimp ponds
<table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p><strong>Shrimp monoculture suffers drastic productivity reduction due to the white spot syndrome outbreak. Integrated multitrophic aquaculture (IMTA) is an alternative to alleviate this problem. Farming autotrophic and filter-feeding organisms with shrimps results in bioremediation of the system, production diversification, and extra income for farmers. We performed a factorial-designed experiment in a commercial shrimp farm, Primar Aquaculture - RN. We tested different species and farming structures of macroalgae for cultivation with shrimps in ponds. The tested macroalgae species were from genera Ulva, Gracilaria, and Hypnea. The structures tested were tubular nets, trays, pillows, and long lines. Macroalgae farming lasted 59 days. We monitored the water parameters temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and salinity. All the treatments presented macroalgae biomass loss. The results indicate no technical feasibility of farming the tested macroalgae species in the shrimp's earthen ponds. </strong></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table>
FIGURE 3 in Pheretimoid earthworms (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) cultivated in a vermifacility in Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines, with description of a new species
FIGURE 3. Maximum Likelihood tree using COI constructed following the GTR + G + I model showing the relationship of P. losbanosensis n. sp. with other Pheretima species and Metaphire bahli. The accession nos. are reflected with the taxa. Bootstrap values lower than 70% indicate weak support and are not reflected.
FIGURE 2 in Pheretimoid earthworms (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) cultivated in a vermifacility in Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines, with description of a new species
FIGURE 2. Metaphire bahli. (A) Male pores (mp) area showing the genital markings (gmg). (B) Spermathecae. (C) Prostate gland (p) showing the genital marking glands (gmg). Scale bar: 1mm.
FIGURE 1. Pheretima losbanosensis n in Pheretimoid earthworms (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) cultivated in a vermifacility in Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines, with description of a new species
FIGURE 1. Pheretima losbanosensis n. sp. (A) Male pores area. (B) Spermatheca. (C) Prostate gland. Scale bar: 1mm.
FIGURE 1. A–H. Rohdea chloroxantha. A. Habitat. B. Aerial parts discarded after harvesting rhizomes. C. Stolons. D. Lateral bud. E, F & G. Cultivated plants. H. Blade. I in Rohdea chloroxantha (Asparagaceae), a new species from Southern Shaanxi, China
FIGURE 1. A–H. Rohdea chloroxantha. A. Habitat. B. Aerial parts discarded after harvesting rhizomes. C. Stolons. D. Lateral bud. E, F & G. Cultivated plants. H. Blade. I. Stolon of R. grandiflora. J. Stolon of R. pachynema.
Fig. 1 in Natural variation of diterpenoid phytoalexins in cultivated and wild rice species
Fig. 1. Accumulation of momilactones A and B in cultivars from the WRC and wild rice species after UV irradiation. (A) Momilactone A amounts in WRC cultivars. (B) Momilactone B amounts in WRC cultivars. (C) Correlation between the amounts of momilactones A and B. R2: decision coefficient. (D) Amounts of momilactones A and B in wild rice species. Or-I, Or-II, and Or-III indicate clades of O. rufipogon. O. gla: O. glaberrima; O. bar: O. barthii; O. glu: O. glumaepatula; O. mer: O. meridionalis; O. pun: O. punctata; O. bra: O. brachyantha. Values are means ± SD of three biological replicates. n.d.: not detected.
Fig. 2 in Natural variation of diterpenoid phytoalexins in cultivated and wild rice species
Fig. 2. Accumulation of phytocassanes A and D in cultivars from the WRC and wild rice species after UV irradiation. (A) Phytocassane A amounts in WRC cultivars. (B) Phytocassane D amounts in WRC cultivars. (C) Correlation between amounts of phytocassanes A and D. R 2: decision coefficient. (D) Amounts of phytocassanes A and D in wild rice species. Or-I, Or-II, and Or-III indicate clades of O. rufipogon. O. gla: O. glaberrima; O. bar: O. barthii; O. glu: O. glumaepatula; O. mer: O. meridionalis; O. pun: O. punctata; O. bra: O. brachyantha. Values are means ± SD of three biological replicates. n.d.: not detected.
Fig. 5 in Natural variation of diterpenoid phytoalexins in cultivated and wild rice species
Fig. 5. Analysis of the chemical structure of 2. (A) COSY (bold lines) and HMBC (black arrows from protons to carbon atoms) correlations of 2. (B) Chemical structure of phytocassane A. (C) NOESY correlations on the three-dimensional chemical structure of 2. (D) Chemical structure of 2.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.