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2,007 results for “ecological species”
Fig. 63 in The Phanaeus tridens species group (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea): a dung beetle group with genital morphological stasis but a changing ecological niche
Fig. 63. Phallobase, parameres and endophallite copulatrix of the P.tridens species group. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.
FIG. 4 in Dendrobium petrophilum (Kraenzl.) Garay ex N.Hallé, a well-named species describing its unusual chasmophytic ecology
FIG. 4. — Distribution of Dendrobium oppositifolium (Kraenzl.) N.Hallé (blue) and D. petrophilum (Kraenzl.) Garay ex N.Hallé (red) in New Caledonia (La Grande Terre and Île des Pins): A, focus in the Poum area. Grey shaded areas represent ultramafic outcrops. Circles correspond to herbarium specimens while squares correspond to in situ observations from various authors and compiled by Endemia.nc. Tm, To and Tp represent respectively the type localities of D. multilobatum Guillaumin, D. oppositifolium and D. petrophilum names.
FIG. 1 in Dendrobium petrophilum (Kraenzl.) Garay ex N.Hallé, a well-named species describing its unusual chasmophytic ecology
FIG. 1. — Drawing of the type of E. petrophila Kraenzl. by L.A. Garay completing the photocopy of the type kept at Z.
FIG. 2 in Dendrobium petrophilum (Kraenzl.) Garay ex N.Hallé, a well-named species describing its unusual chasmophytic ecology
FIG. 2. — Dendrobium petrophilum (A-D) habitat, ecology and threat compared to D. oppositifolium (E) habitat: A, the type locality at Arama pass crest; B, three plants (arrows) at the Arama pass siliceous crest exposed to full sun and prevailing wind; C, typical chasmetophytic microhabitat within the cracks of the siliceous rocks; D, anthropogenic fire threat showing a burnt colony at the base of a dead burnt trunk of the microendemic Tristaniopsis ninndoensis J.W.Dawson; E, epiphytic habit in a high altitude (c. 1200 m) and open canopy montane forest at Mont Panié. A, Arama pass, 27.VIII.2019; B, Arama pass, 30.IX.2018; C, D, Vache Crevée, 14.XI.2020; E, Mont Panié (Pwé Taao), 31.V.2014. Photos from: A, B, E, G. Gâteblé; C, D, D. Fleurot.
FIG. 3 in Dendrobium petrophilum (Kraenzl.) Garay ex N.Hallé, a well-named species describing its unusual chasmophytic ecology
FIG. 3. — Comparison of the flowers of Dendrobium petrophilum (Kraenzl.) Garay ex N.Hallé (A-E) and D. oppositifolium (Kraenzl.) N.Hallé (F-J): A, flower (front side); B, column, profile side (p) and front side (f); C, column and lip, profile side; D, lip, ventral side; E, lip spread out, ventral side (f) and backside (d); Dendrobium oppositifolium: F, flower (front side); G, column, profile side (p) and front side (f); H, column and lip, profile side; I, lip, ventral side (f) and backside (d); J, lip, ventral side (f). Photographs of D. petrophilum are from expeditions at Arama (Northern province), photos C. Laudereau. Photographs of D. oppositifolium, Plateau de Dogny, photos C. Laudereau. Olympus EM1MarkII, 30.V.2020, combined as a board. Scale bars: A, 3 mm; B-E, G-J, 5 mm; F, 4 mm.
Fig. 13. Phanaeus coeruleus Bates, 1887 in The Phanaeus tridens species group (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea): a dung beetle group with genital morphological stasis but a changing ecological niche
Fig. 13. Phanaeus coeruleus Bates, 1887, stat. rev., holotype and labels (by Keita Matsumoto, BMNH).
Fig. 1 in Functional And Ecological Adaptations Of Several Acaridid Mite Species (Acariformes, Astigmata) For Feeding On Stored Produce
Fig. 1. Cluster analysis of similarity of acaridid complexes in studied substrates (Ward's method, correlation coefficient 0.5844).
R_JAGS code for estimation and analysis of species-area-relationship (SAR) parameters from NEON (National Ecological Observatory Network) data on plant surveys
<p><span>Invasive species science is heavily geared toward the invasive agent. </span>However, management to protect native species also requires a proactive approach focused on understanding the features affecting community vulnerability to invasion impacts<span>. </span><span>Vulnerability </span><span>is likely the result of </span><span>factors acting across spatial scales, from </span><span>local to regional, and it is the combined effects of these factors that will determine the magnitude of vulnerability.</span><span> We introduce an analytical framework that quantifies the scale-dependent impact of biological invasions from the shape of the native species-area-relationship (SAR). We leverage newly available, biogeographically extensive vegetation data from the US National Ecological Observatory Network to assess plant community vulnerability to invasion impact as a function of factors acting across scales. We analyzed more than 1000 SARs widely distributed across the USA along environmental gradients and under different levels of invasion. </span>Results show that a decrease in native richness is consistently associated with invasive species cover<span>, but it is only at relatively high levels of invasion that native richness is compromised. After accounting for variation in baseline ecosystem diversity, net primary productivity, and human modification, ecoregions that are colder and wetter seem to be most vulnerable to losses of native plant species at the local level, while warmer and wetter areas seem most susceptible at the landscape level. We also document how the combined effects of cross-scale factors result in a heterogenous spatial pattern of vulnerability. </span><span>This pattern </span><span>cannot be predicted by analyses at any single scale, underscoring the importance of accounting for factors acting across scales. Simultaneously assessing differences in vulnerability between distinct plant communities at local, landscape and regional scales provided outputs that can be used to inform policy and management aimed at reducing vulnerability to the impact of plant invasions.</span></p>
Data for: Assortative mating in an ecological context: Effects of mate choice errors and relative species abundance on the frequency and asymmetry of hybridization
<p><span>The frequency and asymmetry of mixed-species mating set the initial stage for the ecological and evolutionary implications of hybridization. How such patterns of mixed-species mating, in turn, are influenced by the combination of mate choice errors and relative species abundance remain largely unknown. We develop a mathematical model that generates predictions for how relative species abundances and mate choice errors affect hybridization patterns. When mate choice errors are small (<5%) the highest frequency of hybridization occurs when one of the hybridizing species is at low abundance, but when mate choice errors are high (>5%) the highest hybridization frequency occurs when species occur in equal proportions. Furthermore, females of the less abundant species are overrepresented in mixed-species matings. We compare our theoretical predictions with empirical data on naturally hybridizing Ficedula flycatchers and find that hybridization is highest when the two species occur in equal abundance, implying rather high mate choice errors. We discuss ecological and evolutionary implications of our findings and encourage future work on hybrid zone dynamics that take demographic aspects, such as relative species abundance, into account.</span></p>
Transformed crane data from: Balancing structural complexity with ecological insight in spatio-temporal species distribution models
<p>The potential for statistical complexity in species distribution models (SDMs) has greatly increased with advances in computational power. Structurally complex models provide the flexibility to analyse intricate ecological systems and realistically messy data, but can be difficult to interpret, reducing their practical impact. Founding model complexity in ecological theory can improve insight gained from SDMs. </p> <p>Here, we evaluate a marked point process approach, which uses multiple Gaussian random fields to represent population dynamics of the Eurasian crane (<em>Grus grus</em>) in a spatio-temporal species distribution model. We discuss the role of model components and their impacts on predictions, in comparison with a simpler binomial presence/absence approach. Inference is carried out using Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA) with inlabru, an accessible and computationally efficient approach for Bayesian hierarchical modelling, which is not yet widely used in SDMs. </p> <p>Using the marked point process approach, crane distribution was predicted to be dependent on the density of suitable habitat patches, as well as close to observations of the existing population. This demonstrates the advantage of complex model components in accounting for spatio-temporal population dynamics (such as habitat preferences and dispersal limitations) that are not explained by environmental variables. However, including an AR1 temporal correlation structure in the models resulted in unrealistic predictions of species distribution; highlighting the need for careful consideration when determining the level of model complexity.</p> <p>Increasing model complexity, with careful evaluation of the effects of additional model components, can provide a more realistic representation of a system, which is of particular importance for a practical and impact-focused discipline such as ecology (though these methods extend to applications for a wide range of systems). Founding complexity in contextual theory is not only fundamental to maintaining model interpretability, but can be a useful approach to improving insight gained from model outputs. </p>
FIGURE 1 in Comparisons of two cryptic Ampedus species (Coleoptera: Elateridae) by using classical systematics, ecological niche modeling, and DNA barcoding
FIGURE 1. Habitus photos and aedeagi drawings of examined species. A-B. Ampedus platiai, C-D. A. samedovi, E-F. A. pomonae (Aedeagi of A. platiai and A. samedovi are redrawn from Kabalak 2010 and aedeagus of A. pomonae is redrawn from Platia 1994.). BML: Basal struts of median lobe, BP: Basal piece, ML: Median Lobe, PDT: Paramere distal tooth, PR: Paramere.
Text-fig. 4. Graphical visualization of Phytogeographic Reference Regions Assessment (PRRA) of nearest living relative genera of fossil-taxa from late Early Miocene Wiesa assemblage in eastern Germany. Analysis yields only NLRs which have modern distribution area (partly) in E and SE Asia. For relationships of fossil-taxa to nearest living relatives or ecological equivalents, see Tab. 6; taxa used for analysis marked with asterisks. Three geographic resolutions conducted: a – grid with 1.5° latitude/longitude resolution, b – grid with 2°, c – grid with 3°; similarity column indicates cooccurrences of genera of nearest living relatives in single grid box. Maximum value in our analysis: grid box marked with arrow in map a, located in western Yunnan Province, P. R. China and southern Kachin Province, NE Myanmar (east of Myitkyina city), area with 97.371 7–98.874 2° longitude and 24.586 7–25.837 5° latitude, yields 23 co-occurring species of 13 genera (Tab. 7). in Assessment Of Phytogeographic Reference Regions For Cenozoic Vegetation: A Case Study On The Miocene Flora Of Wiesa (Germany)
Text-fig. 4. Graphical visualization of Phytogeographic Reference Regions Assessment (PRRA) of nearest living relative genera of fossil-taxa from late Early Miocene Wiesa assemblage in eastern Germany. Analysis yields only NLRs which have modern distribution area (partly) in E and SE Asia. For relationships of fossil-taxa to nearest living relatives or ecological equivalents, see Tab. 6; taxa used for analysis marked with asterisks. Three geographic resolutions conducted: a – grid with 1.5° latitude/longitude resolution, b – grid with 2°, c – grid with 3°; similarity column indicates cooccurrences of genera of nearest living relatives in single grid box. Maximum value in our analysis: grid box marked with arrow in map a, located in western Yunnan Province, P. R. China and southern Kachin Province, NE Myanmar (east of Myitkyina city), area with 97.371 7–98.874 2° longitude and 24.586 7–25.837 5° latitude, yields 23 co-occurring species of 13 genera (Tab. 7).
Species-specific effects and the ecological role of Programmed cell Death in the microalgae Ankistrodesmus (Sphaeropleales, Selenastraceae)
<p>Reports of programmed cell death (PCD) in phytoplankton raise questions about the ecological evolutionary role of cell death in these organisms. We induced PCD by nitrogen deprivation and unregulated cell death (non-PCD) in one strain of the green microalga <em>Ankistrodesmus densus</em> and investigated the effects of the cell death supernatants on phylogenetically related co-occurring organisms using growth rates and maximum biomass as proxies of fitness. PCD-released materials from <em>A. densus</em> CCMA-UFSCar-3 significantly increased growth rates of two conspecific strains compared to healthy culture (HC) supernatants and improved the maximum biomass of all <em>A. densus</em> strains compared to related species. Although growth rates of non-<em>A. densus</em> with PCD supernatants were not statistically different from HC treatment, biomass gain was significantly reduced. Thus, the organic substances released by PCD, possibly nitrogenous compounds, could promote conspecific growth. These results support the argument that PCD may differentiate species or subtypes and increases inclusive fitness in this model unicellular chlorophyte. Further research, however, is needed to identify the responsible molecules and how they interact with cells to provide the PCD benefits.</p>
Intracellular infection of ecologically important diatom species by an evolutionary distinct relative of the Fungi
<p>Data and R script from the publication "Intracellular infection of ecologically important diatom species by an evolutionary distinct relative of the Fungi":</p> <p>-plotting_and_testing_association.r: R script for the s.tatistical testing of NCLC1-diatom associations.</p> <p>-OSD_protist_ASV_table.csv: Amplicon Sequence Variant (ASV) table, comma separated. Lists the distribution of 7766 ASVs across 145 samples collected during the Ocean Sampling Day (OSD) 2014.</p> <p>-OSD_protist_ASV_sequences.fasta: fasta nucleotide file of the 7766 V4-18S ASVs sequenced as part of OSD and classified as unicellular eukaryotes ('protists'; re-processed in the present publication via DADA2).</p> <p>-sparCC_analysis.tar.gz: gzip'd archive with results from co-occurrence analyses ran on the protist OSD V4-18S dataset using sparCC (OSD_protist_ASV_sparCC_cor.csv: correlation output; OSD_protist_ASV_sparCC_100perm_pvals_twosided.csv: results of two-sided t-tests based on 100 sparCC permutations).</p> <p>-holomycota_alignment.fasta: multiple sequence alignment of reference holomycota 18S.</p> <p>-holomycota_MLtree_100nonparamboot.nwk: 18S maximum likelihood tree inferred using IQ-Tree; branch supports assessed with 100 non-parametric bootstrap replicates.</p> <p> </p>
Рис. 4. Раковины видов Melanoididae иЗ термальных источников: А – Melanoides pamiricus Lindholm иЗ теплого источника ДЖаушангоЗ (Памир), высота раковины 16 мм; В – M. shahdaraensis Starobogatov et Izzatullaev, иЗ теплого источника ДЖаушангоЗ, высота раковины 15 мм; С – M. kainarensis Starobogatov et Izzatullaev иЗ теплого источника ХадЖа-Кайнар (юго-восток Туркмении), высота раковины 23 мм. Фото З. ИЗЗатуллаева, 1976, 1980 гг. Fig. 4. Shells of the Melanoididae species from thermal springs: A – Melanoides pamiricus Lindholm, the hot spring Dzhaushangoz (Pamir), shell height 16 mm; B – M. shahdaraensis Starobogatov et Izzatullaev, the hot spring Dzhaushangoz, shell height 15 mm; C – M. kainarensis Starobogatov et Izzatullaev, the hot spring Khadzha-Kainar (south-eastern Turkmenistan). Photo by Z. Izzatullaev, 1976, 1980. in Patterns of ecology and life cycles of aquatic molluscs from Central Asia
Рис. 4. Раковины видов Melanoididae иЗ термальных источников: А – Melanoides pamiricus Lindholm иЗ теплого источника ДЖаушангоЗ (Памир), высота раковины 16 мм; В – M. shahdaraensis Starobogatov et Izzatullaev, иЗ теплого источника ДЖаушангоЗ, высота раковины 15 мм; С – M. kainarensis Starobogatov et Izzatullaev иЗ теплого источника ХадЖа-Кайнар (юго-восток Туркмении), высота раковины 23 мм. Фото З. ИЗЗатуллаева, 1976, 1980 гг. Fig. 4. Shells of the Melanoididae species from thermal springs: A – Melanoides pamiricus Lindholm, the hot spring Dzhaushangoz (Pamir), shell height 16 mm; B – M. shahdaraensis Starobogatov et Izzatullaev, the hot spring Dzhaushangoz, shell height 15 mm; C – M. kainarensis Starobogatov et Izzatullaev, the hot spring Khadzha-Kainar (south-eastern Turkmenistan). Photo by Z. Izzatullaev, 1976, 1980.
Data and code for Reeb, R.A. & Kuebbing, S.E. (2024). Phenology mediates direct and indirect interactions among co-occurring invasive plant species. Ecology, e4446.
<p>Data and analysis code for:</p> <p>Reeb, R.A. & Kuebbing, S.E. (2024). Phenology mediates direct and indirect interactions among co-occurring invasive plant species. Ecology, e4446. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.4446">https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.4446</a></p> <p>Repository contains R markdown analysis code, datasets, and the associated metadata file.</p>
Figures 28–36 in A new species of Craspedostauros (Bacillariophyceae) from the west coast of Sweden, with taxonomic and ecological notes on Craspedostauros laevissimus
Figures 28–36: Scanning electron micrographs of Craspedostauros cf. laevissimus. (28) Internal side of two valves with different outline and size. (29) External side of the valve exhibiting weakly inflated central part and a slight undulation of valve face. (30) Valve interior showing the stauros occupying the middle part of the central area, and the simple elongated proximal raphe endings. (31) External central area with the elongated proximal raphe endings. (32) Internal valve pole showing raphe distal ending and striae spreading around all valve apex. (33) External valve pole with the curved raphe distal ending. (34) Rounded areolae with cribral pores, note the equal size pf peripheral and central pores. (35) Frustule in girdle view. (36) Enlarged part of the frustule showing a cingular band with numerous longitudinal rows of variable sized elongated areolae. Scale bars: (28, 29, 35) 10 μm; (30, 31, 32, 33, 36) 2 μm; (34) 1 μm.
Figures 18–27 in A new species of Craspedostauros (Bacillariophyceae) from the west coast of Sweden, with taxonomic and ecological notes on Craspedostauros laevissimus
Figures 18–27: Scanning electron micrographs of Craspedostauros lateralis sp. nov. (18) Valve in internal view. (19) External side of the valve. (20) Middle part of the valve interior showing the depressed areas on both sides of the axial area (arrows) and the characteristic triangular constriction of the valve which is an extension of the central area (fascia). (21) The two irregular hyaline areas (arrows) which form the junction line between valve face and the mantle. (22) Internal side of the valve pole exhibiting the distal raphe ending. (23) External side of the valve pole with the curved distal raphe ending. (24) Elongated areolae on both sides of the axial area with numerous cribral pores. (25) External openings of the areolae with 4–5 peripheral cribral pores. (26) Valve in girdle view. (27) Internal side of the valve showing the folded marginal silica flap and the dome-like central helicoglossa (arrow). Scale bars: 18, 19,26) 8 μm; (20,21, 22, 23, 27) 2 μm; (24, 25) 0.8 μm.
Figures 1–17 in A new species of Craspedostauros (Bacillariophyceae) from the west coast of Sweden, with taxonomic and ecological notes on Craspedostauros laevissimus
Figures 1–17: Light micrographs of Craspedostauros lateralis sp. nov. and C. cf. laevissimus of different sizes. (1–9) Craspedostauros lateralis. (1–8) Showing the distinct constriction of the valve and the shape of the stauros. (9) A small valve with elliptic outline. (10–17) Craspedostauros cf. laevissimus. (10–12) Valves with parallel margins. (13, 14) Valves with slightly inflated valve halves. (15) Valve with slightly swollen at the centre. (16) Small elliptic valve. (17) Frustule in girdle view showing constriction and cingular bands. Scale bars = 10 μm.
Fig. 3 in Ecology Of The Cold-Adapted Species Nebria Germari (Coleoptera: Carabidae): The Role Of Supraglacial Stony Debris As Refugium During The Current Interglacial Period
Fig. 3. Sampling data are expressed as average Activity Density (AD: number of individuals per day of trap activity). Whiskers represent standard deviation
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.