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1,610 results for “economic”
Socio-economic development of global river deltas from gridded data
<p>Crop, population, and GDP values in the world's major river deltas, derived from publicly available gridded datasets. </p> <p>v0: Dec. 2022</p> <p>v1: Jan 2023 (added Metadata)</p>
Supplying renewable energy to Central European research facilities: A techno-economic comparison of electricity and hydrogen (Dataset)
<p>This dataset contains central input assumptions and results related to the publication "Supplying renewable energy to Central European research facilities: A techno-economic comparison of electricity and hydrogen".</p> <p>Result files are contained in the <strong> results.zip</strong> archive file. The file contains for each scenario, as indicated by the folder structure, the following files:</p> <ul> <li><strong>results.csv</strong>: Central scenario results exported as <em>character separated value</em> <em>(csv)</em> file, with a semicolon (<strong>;</strong>) as field separator. All fields are quoted using double quotation marks <strong>"..."</strong>. Can be explored using standard office software like Microsoft Excel/Libre Office or other tools.</li> <li><strong>network.nc</strong>: PyPSA network file containing the optimized scenario with all input and unprocessed outputs (results). Can be explored using the <a href="https://pypsa.readthedocs.io">PyPSA software package</a>.</li> <li><strong>lcoes.csv</strong>: Levelised Cost of Electricity used to construct the renewable energy source (RES) based supply curve for each scenario.</li> </ul> <p>The dataset further contains the following files which represent central input assumptions to the model and scenarios, both as <em>CSV</em> files:</p> <ul> <li><strong>efficiencies.csv</strong>: Technology process and conversion efficiencies<em> </em>including more details on the assumptions and information on which references the assumptions are based.</li> <li><strong>costs_2030.csv</strong>: Technology cost assumptions for 2030 including more details on the assumptions and information on which references the assumptions are based. This data is based on this <a href="https://github.com/pypsa/technology-data">Technology Data repository</a> on GitHub.</li> </ul>
Reproducibility package for Using root economics traits to predict biotic plant soil-feedbacks
<p>Using root economics space to predict biotic plant soil-feedbacks presents a novel framework linking below ground ecological theory to plant soil feedback effects. We show how to calculate root functional distance and location of two plant species in root economics space and how these measures can help to predict the strength and direction of the plant soil feedback between them. </p> <p>Contains data and scripts to reproduce analysis and figures for the manuscript (https://github.com/ggpmrutten/linkingRES-PSF)</p>
Dataset - Analytic Network Process in economics, finance and management
<p><em>This data set presents the recent use of the Analytic Network Process (ANP) in the decision process in the areas of economics, finance and management. It has 434 ANP studies for a 10-year period (2012-2021) within the Scopus database. They were identified using the keyword “Analytic Network Process” in articles indexed in the following two database categories: "Business, Management and Accounting"; and "Economics, Econometrics and Finance". </em></p> <p> </p>
Geospatial Analysis of Economic Development in kenya by Province
<p>This dataset presents both vector and raster data combinations for pm2.5, elevation, nightlight data, population density, area, and population that can be used to estimate the economic development of Kenya using distribution of banks as a proxy.</p>
Exploring Economic Integration of Peasant Settlements Central Roman Spain (1st - 3rd c. AD). Dataset.
<p>Archaeological data used for the paper Exploring Economic Integration of Peasant Settlements in Roman Central Spain (1st - 3rd c. AD). The supplement is composed by three CSV files recording respectively the presence and frequency of an artefact chrono-type at a site, the adjacency matrix (MATRIX_SITE-CHRONOTYPE_CARPETANIA.csv), the attribute information per site (ATTRIB_SITES_CARPETANIA.csv) and the attribute information per artefact chrono-type (ATTRIB_CHRONOTYPES_CARPETANIA.csv). Also included are the raw .graphmlz files relating to the analyses carried out which include, among other data, the Louvain modularity. <br> In order to view and analyse the .graphmlz files provided in this archive, you can use the Visone software, a tool for visualizing and analyzing networks: To view these .graphmlz files, first download and install Visone software from their official website (<a href="https://visone.ethz.ch/">https://visone.ethz.ch/</a>). Then, download the .graphmlz files from the Zenodo archive. Open Visone, and navigate to 'File' > 'Open' to access the downloaded files.</p>
Population-level health and economic impacts of introducing Vaccae vaccination in China: A modeling study
<p>Supplementary to "Population-level health and economic impacts of introducing Vaccae vaccination in China: A modeling study"</p>
Representing Socio-Economic Uncertainty in Human System Models
<p>This data repository is associated with the paper:<br> Morris,J., J. Reilly, S. Paltsev, A. Sokolov and K. Cox (2022): Representing socio-economic uncertainty in human system models. <em>Earth's Future</em>, In press.</p>
Result data related to "Bersalli et al. (2024): Economic crises as critical junctures for policy and structural changes towards decarbonization – the cases of Spain and Germany"
<p>Result data related to "Bersalli et al (2024): Economic crises as critical junctures for policy and structural changes towards decarbonization – the cases of Spain and Germany". The following files are included:</p> <ul> <li>"Energy policy 2020-21 Germany-Spain.xlsx": Policy measures supporting clean energy during the Covid-19 pandemic in Germany and Spain. Data from <a href="http://energypolicytracker.org/">EnergyPolicyTracker.org</a>, amended by the authors.</li> <li> "factors.csv": Time series of emissions, population, GDP, energy intensity, and carbon intensity. Data derived from BP and Eurostat.</li> <li>"multiplicative-contribution-factors.csv": Time series of relative growth in the factors.</li> <li>"relative-cumulative-contribution-factors.csv": Time series of cumulative relative growth in the factors.</li> <li>"periods.csv": Relative growth in the factors during the global financial and COVID19 crises and before (pre) and after (post) the global financial crisis.</li> </ul>
Global Wheat Cultivation Distribution under Future Climatic and Socio-economic Conditions (RCP-SSP combinations)
<p>This is the outcome data from our study titled "<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170481" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em><u>Prediction of global wheat cultivation distribution under climate change and socioeconomic development</u></em></a>" which was published in The Science of The Total Environment. The present study represents a significant extension of our previous research on "<em><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.153" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Potential Distribution and Dynamics of Global Wheat under Multiple Climate Change Scenarios"</a></em>.</p> <p>Socioeconomic and climate change are both critical factors influencing the global distribution of crop cultivation. However, there has been limited exploration of the role of socioeconomic factors in predicting future crop cultivation distribution under climate change.</p> <p>We have proposed the MaxEnt-SPAM approach under the assumption that environmental conditions are the primary determinants of land suitability for cultivating wheat, while socioeconomic factors play a crucial role in influencing farmers' crop choices. In essence, the distribution of wheat cultivation is contingent upon maximizing potential revenue and ensuring suitability for wheat planting.</p> <p>The proposed MaxEnt-SPAM approach was utilized to estimate the distribution of wheat cultivation in three combined Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) - Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) scenarios, namely RCP2.6-SSP1, RCP4.5-SSP2, and RCP8.5-SSP3. The methodology involved estimating wheat planting suitability under future RCP scenarios using the MaxEnt model, predicting farmers' crop choices under future SSP scenarios through Time series-Backpropagation (TS-BP) models, and ultimately estimating global wheat cultivation distribution based on the SPAM model. Validation of this approach against major known datasets on the distribution of wheat cultivation demonstrated satisfactory accuracy, with a predictive accuracy exceeding 85% and a significant positive correlation (p < 0.01) between the predicted global wheat cultivation and multiple known datasets.</p> <p>Based on the aforementioned concept and methodology, a global wheat cultivation distribution grid (0.5 degree × 0.5 degree) was projected under the RCP2.6-SSP1, RCP4.5-SSP2, and RCP8.5-SSP3 scenarios.</p> <p>The findings suggest that RCP8.5-SSP3 may offer the most favorable conditions for wheat cultivation. Additionally, socioeconomic development significantly constrains the potential distribution of wheat cultivation, with estimated areas accounting for an average of 77% of the potential distribution determined by climatic factors under the selected RCP-SSP scenarios. Socioeconomic development appears to have a positive impact on wheat cultivation in Africa.</p> <p>Our results illustrate the influence of socioeconomic factors on crop distribution within a market economy framework, underscoring the importance of integrating socioeconomic factors and climate change for accurate predictions of crop cultivation distribution.</p> <p>We contend that the global wheat cultivation distribution datasets under future climatic and socio-economic conditions (RCP-SSP combinations) are a valuable addition to existing products. This prediction data is among the few products to consider both climate change and socio-economic development, providing a more comprehensive understanding of crop cultivation distribution dynamics.</p> <p>The Global Wheat Cultivation Distribution under Future Climatic and Socio-economic Conditions (RCP-SSP combinations) is expected to enhance our comprehension of the dynamics and distribution of global wheat cultivation under different climate change and socio-economic development paths in the future, potentially supporting research in earth system simulation and agricultural sciences.</p> <p>The dataset for the Global Wheat Cultivation Distribution under Future Climatic and Socio-economic Conditions (RCP-SSP combinations) and the Maxent-SPAM approach code is stored in a zip package named SPAM_MaxEnt.zip, which contains two folders (code and data).</p> <p><strong>code: </strong></p> <p>This sub-folder provides the main program and example data for the MaxEnt-SPAM approach. Codes are written in Matlab language by Puying Zhang. There are also 'read me.txt' files under the code folder to provide the necessary information.</p> <p>The exampleData contains</p> <p>1. h_pri.tif: prior data</p> <p>2. h_res.tif: global C3 crop cultivation proportion</p> <p>Run the main programme: cross_entroy.m</p> <p><strong>data: </strong></p> <p>This sub-folder contains global wheat cultivation distribution stored in GeoTIFF file format.</p> <p><strong>1 Global distribution of the long-term wheat-</strong><strong>c</strong><strong>ultivation area fraction: </strong></p> <p>This sub-folder contains the data for the global distribution of the long-term wheat-cultivation area fraction in RCP2.6-SSP1, RCP4.5-SSP2, and RCP8.5-SSP3 scenarios. The value of each data ranges from 0 to 1, indicating the long-term wheat-cultivation area fraction in each grid, and the higher the value, the more wheat cultivated.</p> <p><strong>r2s1f_sub.tif:</strong> the data for global distribution of the long-term wheat-cultivation area fraction in RCP2.6-SSP1 scenario</p> <p><strong>r4s2f_sub.tif:</strong> the data for global distribution of the long-term wheat-cultivation area fraction in RCP4.5-SSP2 scenario</p> <p><strong>r8s3f_sub.tif:</strong> the data for global distribution of the long-term wheat-cultivation area fraction in RCP8.5-SSP3 scenario</p> <p><strong>2 </strong><strong>S</strong><strong>patial overlap between the long-term period of land suitability for wheat </strong><strong>planting </strong><strong>and wheat cultivation distribution: </strong></p> <p>This sub-folder contains the data for Spatial overlap between the long-term period of land suitability for wheat planting and wheat cultivation distribution in multi-scenarios. The value of each data contains three values:<strong>{1, 2, 3}</strong>, <strong>1</strong> wheat cultivation existed but was predicted to be unsuitable to plant wheat; <strong>2 </strong>presented a reduction in the wheat cultivation area compared to the land's suitability; <strong>3</strong> presented the region that wheat cultivation existed and was predicted to be suitable to plant wheat.</p> <p><strong>com_suit_fra126.tif: </strong>the spatial overlap between the long-term period land suitability for wheat planting and wheat cultivation distribution in (a) RCP2.6-SSP1 scenario and RCP2.6</p> <p><strong>com_suit_fra245.tif: </strong>the spatial overlap between the long-term period land suitability for wheat cultivation and wheat cultivation distribution in (b) RCP4.5-SSP2 scenario and RCP4.5</p> <p><strong>com_suit_fra385.tif:</strong> the spatial overlap between the long-term period land suitability for wheat cultivation and wheat cultivation distribution in (c) RCP8.5-SSP3 scenario and RCP8.5</p> <p><strong>3 Differences in the proportion of long-term wheat </strong><strong>c</strong><strong>ultivation: </strong></p> <p>This sub-folder contains the data for the difference in the proportion of long-term wheat cultivation under the RCP-SSP scenarios and the distribution of long-term wheat planting suitability under the same RCP scenarios. The value of each data ranges from -1 to 1, This data is obtained by using the wheat-cultivation area fraction minus planting suitability grid to grid. the negative value indicates that the proportion of wheat cultivation is lower than the wheat planting suitability, while this positive value indicates that the proportion of wheat cultivation is higher than the wheat planting suitability.</p> <p><strong>r2s1_f.tif:</strong> Difference in the proportion of long-term wheat cultivation under the RCP2.6-SSP1 scenario and the distribution of long-term wheat planting suitability under the RCP2.6 scenario</p> <p><strong>r4s2_f.tif:</strong> Differences between the proportion of long-term wheat cultivation in RCP4.5-SSP2 and the suitability of long-term wheat planting under the RCP4.5 scenario</p> <p><strong>r8s3_f.tif:</strong> Differences between the proportion of long-term wheat cultivation in RCP8.5-SSP3 and the suitability of long-term wheat planting under the RCP8.5 scenario </p> <p><strong>References:</strong></p> <p>Yaojie Yue, Puying Zhang, Yanrui Shang. The Potential Distribution and Dynamic of Global Wheat under Multiple Climate Change Scenarios. Science of the Total Environment, 2019, 688: 1308-1318.</p> <p>Xi Guo, Puying Zhang, Yaojie Yue. Prediction of global wheat cultivation distribution under climate change and socio-economic development. Science of the Total Environment, 2024, 919: 170481.</p> <p>For more details on the MaxEnt (Maximum entropy) model, please refer to (Phillips et al., 2006; Elith et al., 2011). SPAM (spatial production allocation model) refers to (You et al., 2009; You et al., 2014).</p> <p>Elith, J., Phillips, S.J., Hastie, T., Dudík, M., Chee, Y.E., Yates, C.J., 2011. A statistical explanation of maxent for ecologists. Divers Distrib 17 (1), 43-57. https://coi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4642.2010.00725.x.</p> <p>Phillips, S.J., Anderson, R.P., Schapire, R.E., 2006. Maximum entropy modeling of species geographic distributions. Ecol Model 190 (3-4), 231-259. https://coi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2005.03.026.</p> <p>You, L.Z., Wood, S., Wood-Sichra, U., 2009. Generating plausible crop distribution maps for sub-Saharan Africa using a spatially disaggregated data fusion and optimization approach. Agr Syst 99 (2-3), 126-140. https://coi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2008.11.003.</p> <p>You, L.Z., Wood, S., Wood-Sichra, U., Wu, W.B., 2014. Generating global crop distribution maps: from census to grid. Agr Syst 127, 53-60. https://coi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2014.01.002</p>
Adirondack Public Good Events Database: Natural Resource, Environmental, Economic and Recreation Policy and Common Pool Resources for a Social-Ecological System in Adirondack Park, New York, USA, 1760-2020.
I assembled this dataset from various published sources to evaluate how the social-ecological system (SES) in Adirondack Park, New York changed through time and the interplay of public goods (Common Pool Resources, CPRs), public land rules and private land rights, and related concepts over 260 years (1760-2020). The database was the basis for a doctoral dissertation titled "Blue Lining: Assessing the Resilience of Adirondack Park, New York Using Polycentricity and Panarchy Frameworks." The goal of the dissertation was to assess patterns and changes in institutional rules, actors and arrangements before and after establishment of the public Adirondack Forest Preserve in 1885 and Adirondack Park in 1892 as those actors and rules were modified and as both internal and external events influenced the SES as it moved through different phases of the adaptive cycle through space and time (see panarchy). Using the database, I identified which organizations and events contributed to natural resource and CPR policy. The dissertation can be downloaded here: https://experts.esf.edu/esploro/outputs/99917370604826.
Integrated experimental and techno-economic modeling of renewable natural gas production from prairie biomass
This study coupled experimental and techno-economic modeling to evaluate the economic prospects of utilizing prairie biomass as a feedstock for anaerobic digestion. Anaerobic digestion experiments were performed using 15 lab-scale bioreactors under semi-continuous operation, designed based off a box-Behnken design with three factors. Response variables included biogas and biomethane yields, in addition to numerous digestate physico-chemical characteristics. Statistical models were developed from the experimental data to predict these responses and were subsequently incorporated into a techno-economic model developed in Python using BioSTEAM. In addition to optimizing key anaerobic digestion parameters, four scenarios were evaluated investigating liquid digestate recirculation, as well as methane recovery from the liquid digestate in a two-stage anaerobic digestion process.
(POST) Socio-economic and cultural dataset in relation to Persuasive Strategies to boost Energy Efficiency and in the UK, Spain, Greece and Austria
<p>The dataset has been created from obtaining post-pilot answers from 106 participants of four different countries in the EU (the questionnaire can be studied in <strong>GreenSoul_Validation_Questionnaire-POST.pdf</strong>). It is composed by several factors which are explained in<strong> POST-coding.ods </strong>file. All these factors are contained in: "<strong>POST-results-socio-economic-model.ods</strong>" and "<strong>POST-results-treatments-evaluation.ods</strong>" along with their answers by participants.</p> <p>Finally, we provided a cleaned version of the dataset to study how can a researcher is able to forecast the ranking that a user will give to different persuasion strategies according to user profiles: "<strong>POST-results-ranking-model.ods</strong>"</p>
Demographic, economic, geospatial data for municipalities of the Central Federal District in Russia (excluding the city of Moscow and the Moscow oblast) in 2010-2016
<p>The database contains demographic, economic, geospatial data for 452 municipalities of the 16 administrative units of the Central Federal District in Russia (excluding the city of Moscow and the Moscow oblast) for 2010-2016.</p> <p>The sources of data are the municipal-level statistics of Rosstat, Google Maps data and calculated indicators. The statistical data were arranged by the year, the data on municipalities for which there were administrative and territorial transformations for the period under study were excluded (in some cases, the data were provided in accordance with the administrative-territorial demarcation as of 2016).</p> <p>Municipalities' websites were used to fill the lack of population information in individual municipalities for some years.</p> <p>Calculated variables were made to estimate a number of indicators per capita, to introduce additional demographic indicators (e.g. migration inflow rate), to bring price economic indicators to base year prices (2010). For example, indicators of income of the local budget, volumes of investments in fixed assets (excluding budgetary funds), level of wages are modified to a comparable form (to 2010 prices).</p> <p>The distances on roads in different units of measurement from the geographical center of municipalities to the center of the capital of the region are calculated using the Google Maps database.</p> <p>Data mapping was performed using ArcGIS software.</p> <p>The data set consists of</p> <p>1) Municipalities_CFD_Russia_2010_2016_ENG.xlsx - The database of demographic, economic, geospatial data for 452 municipalities of the 16 administrative units of the Central Federal District in Russia (excluding the city of Moscow and the Moscow oblast) for 2010-2016,</p> <p>2) MUNICIPALITIES_CFD_RUSSIA_SHAPE.rar - The shape-files for maps construction,</p> <p>3) Fig.1. Municipalities ENG.jpg - The map of studied administrative units and municipalities of the Central Federal District in Russia .</p>
Supplementary dataset for "Global agricultural economic water scarcity"
<p>This repository contains supporting data for: "<strong>Global agricultural economic water scarcity"</strong></p> <p>Cite: Rosa, L., Chiarelli, D.D., Rulli, M.C., Dell’Angelo J., and D’Odorico, P. Global agricultural economic water scarcity. Science Advances. 2020<br> Email: lorenzo_rosa@berkeley.edu</p> <p>The dataset contains the number of months (#months) croplands are facing green water scarcity (GWS), blue water scarcity (BWS), and economic water scarcity (EWS). Where "0" indicates that the pixel does not face water scarcity, "1" indicates that the pixel is facing water scarcity for 1 month, "12" indicates that the pixel is facing water scarcity for 12 months. Files are uploaded in arcmap and netcdf formats. </p> <p> </p>
Figure 2 in Economically Beneficial Ground Beetles. The specialized predators Pheropsophus aequinoctialis (L.) and Stenaptinus jessoensis (Morawitz): Their laboratory behavior and descriptions of immature stages (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Brachininae)
Figure 2. Frequency of numbers of eggs laid daily by S. jessoensis females in February 1987 (Σ observations = 145 excluding records of zero).
Figure 3 in Economically Beneficial Ground Beetles. The specialized predators Pheropsophus aequinoctialis (L.) and Stenaptinus jessoensis (Morawitz): Their laboratory behavior and descriptions of immature stages (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Brachininae)
Figure 3. Frequency of numbers of eggs laid daily by P. aequinoctialis females in February-April 1987 (Σ observations = 145 excluding records of zero).
Figure 4 in Economically Beneficial Ground Beetles. The specialized predators Pheropsophus aequinoctialis (L.) and Stenaptinus jessoensis (Morawitz): Their laboratory behavior and descriptions of immature stages (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Brachininae)
Figure 4. Scanning Electron Micrograph of egg of S. jessoensis: a, complete egg; b, apical micropore; c, surface texture; d, microperforations.
Figure 25 in Economically Beneficial Ground Beetles. The specialized predators Pheropsophus aequinoctialis (L.) and Stenaptinus jessoensis (Morawitz): Their laboratory behavior and descriptions of immature stages (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Brachininae)
Figure 25. Legs (dorsal aspect, left side of thorax) of P. aequinoctialis, first instar. Top, anterior leg; middle, middle leg; bottom, posterior leg.
Figures 6-7. 6 in Economically Beneficial Ground Beetles. The specialized predators Pheropsophus aequinoctialis (L.) and Stenaptinus jessoensis (Morawitz): Their laboratory behavior and descriptions of immature stages (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Brachininae)
Figures 6-7. 6 – Head (dorsal aspect) of S. jessoensis, first instar; ventral mouthparts and left antenna not shown. 7- Head (ventral aspect) of S. jessoensis, first instar; mandibles and antennae not shown.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.