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opencc-by-4.0May 2020View details →

Supplementary Data for Multiform: Multi-objective Evolution of Requirements Models Constrained by Formal Verification Results

This data set provides supplementary material for the article "Multiform: Multi-objective Evolution of Requirements Models Constrained by Formal Verification Results" (to appear). It contains the following files: <ul> <li>experiment-input-models.zip which contains the SML input models for the EBEAS and production cell examples that were used to conduct the experiment</li> <li>experiment-results.tar which contains the computed candidate SML models as well as H2 database files that contain measurements.</li> <li>experiment-results.pdf which summarizes the conducted controlled experiment and results.</li> </ul>   Input models (example for EBEAS) <ul> <li>ebeas.sml contains the actual SML input model to be evolved</li> <li>ebeas.ecore contains the metamodel of the EBEAS example</li> <li>ebeas.xmi contains the object system of the EBEAS example that is used for the SML realizability check</li> <li>ebeas.runconfig contains the runtime configuration for ScenarioTools that binds the SML input model with the object system</li> <li>ebeas.cspec contains the solution space model used by Multiform.</li> </ul>   Measurements are stored in an <a href="http://h2database.com/html/main.html">H2 database</a> file. To open one of the database files for the EBEAS or production cell examples extract the appropriate zip file to a local folder, navigate to the folder in a terminal, and start H2 with the appropriate database file as follows: <pre><code>java -jar h2-1.4.199.jar -url jdbc:h2:./Statistics</code></pre> A web-based SQL client will open in your browser. H2 cann be obtained free of charge from their homepage.   The database schema consists of three simple tables: SMLCANDIDATESTATISTICS contains measurements for each evolved candidate SML model and consists of the following columns: ALGORITHM - one of 'Random', 'NSGA2', 'tabu-75-intensify' SEED - seed id for which the measurement was taken ITERATION - iteration id during whch the measurement was taken CANDIDATE - unique id of the evaludated candidate SML model SYNTHESISTIME - synthesis time of the evaludated candidate SML model O1_SCENARIOS - objective value for o1 O2_FRAGMENTSRATIO - objective value for o2 O3_ENVFRAGMENTSRATIO - objective value for o3 C1_REALIZABILITY - constraint value for c1 C2_REACHABILITY - constraint value for c1 SMLITERATIONSTATISTICS contains aggregated statistical data for each iteration and consists of the following columns: ALGORITHM - one of 'Random', 'NSGA2', 'tabu-75-intensify' SEED - seed id for which the data was aggregated ITERATION - unique id of this aggregated iteration data ITERATIONSUCCESSRATE - achieved success rate in this iteration ACCUMULATEDSUCCESSRATE - achieved aggregated success reate until this iteration ACCUMULATEDHYPERVOLUMEINDICATOR - achieved hypervolume until this iteration NUMITERATIONPARETOEQUIVALENTCANDIDATES - number of pareto-equivalent candidate SML models in this iteration NUMACCUMULATEDPARETOEQUIVALENTCANDIDATES - number of pareto-equivalent candidate SML models until this iteration NUMITERATIONPARETODOMINANTCANDIDATES - number of pareto-dominant candidate SML models in this iteration NUMACCUMULATEDPARETODOMINANTCANDIDATES - number of pareto-dominant candidate SML models until this iteration ITERATIONSYNTHESISTIME - total synthesis time of this iteration ACCUMULATEDSYNTHESISTIME - accumulated total synthesis time until this iteration SMLSEEDSTATISTICS contains aggregated statistical data for each seed and consists of the following columns: ALGORITHM - one of 'Random', 'NSGA2', 'tabu-75-intensify' SEED - unique id of this aggregated seed data SUCCESSRATE- achieved success rate in this seed HYPERVOLUMEINDICATOR - achieved hypervolume in this seed NUMPARETOEQUIVALENTCANDIDATES - number of pareto-equivalent candidate SML models in this seed NUMPARETODOMINANTCANDIDATES - number of pareto-dominant candidate SML models in this seed TOTALSYNTHESISTIME - total synthesis time of this seed   Please note: the database files contain data for algorithms 'tabu-50-intensify' and 'tabu-25-intensify' representing evaluation runs with different Tabu search configurations. However, these still need to be analyzed and experiment-results.pdf refers to 'tabu-75-intensify' only.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2020View details →

Model Checking the Multi-Formalism Language FIGARO

for double blind review

dryad32/100

Data from: Opportunities to integrate herders' indicators into formal rangeland monitoring: an example from Mongolia

Despite increasing calls for knowledge integration around the world, traditional knowledge is rarely used in formal, Western science-based monitoring and resource management. To better understand indicators herders use and their relationship to researcher-measured indicators, we conducted in-depth field interviews with 26 herders in three ecological zones of Mongolia. We asked each herder to 1) assess the overall condition of three different sites located along a livestock-use gradient from their winter camp using a numeric scale, 2) describe the indicators they used in their assessment, and 3) explain what caused their pastures to remain healthy or become degraded. At each site, we collected field data on vegetation variables and compared these with herders' ratings and indicators using linear regression. We used classification and ordination to understand how herders' assessment scores related to plant community composition, and determine how well multivariate analysis of factors determining plant community composition aligned with herders' observations of factors causing rangeland change. Across all ecological zones, herders use indicators similar to those used in formal monitoring. Herders' assessment scores correlated significantly and positively with measured total foliar cover in all three ecological zones, and with additional measured variables in the steppe and desert steppe. Ordination revealed that herder assessment scores were correlated with the primary ordination axis in each zone, and the main factors driving plant community composition in each zone were the same as those identified by herders as the primary causes of rangeland change in that zone. These results show promise for developing integrated indicators and monitoring protocols and highlight the importance of developing a common language of monitoring terminology shared by herders, government monitoring agencies, and researchers. We propose a new model for integrating herder knowledge and participation into formal monitoring in Mongolia, with implications for rangelands and pastoral people globally. We suggest practical ways of involving herders in formal monitoring that have potential broad application for promoting local and indigenous people's participation in implementing international agreements such as the UN Convention to Combat Desertification and the UN Convention on Biological Diversity, both of which call for involvement of local people and indigenous/traditional knowledges.

opencc-zeroDec 2018View details →

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2015View details →

Presentation on Hadoop and the Map=-Reduce formalism

This is a talk on Hadoop and Map-Reduce given at the ISI in Bangalore.

FIGURE 2 in Formal taxonomy of species C of the Anopheles minimus sibling species complex (Diptera: Culicidae)

FIGURE 2. Alignment of the 28S sequences (341 bp) of Anopheles minimus, An. harrisoni and species E of the Minimus Complex.

FIGURE 5 in Formal taxonomy of species C of the Anopheles minimus sibling species complex (Diptera: Culicidae)

FIGURE 5. Alignment of the COII sequences (631 bp) of Anopheles minimus, An. harrisoni and species E of the Minimus Complex.

FIGURE 3 in Formal taxonomy of species C of the Anopheles minimus sibling species complex (Diptera: Culicidae)

FIGURE 3. Alignment of the ITS2 sequences (470 bp) of Anopheles minimus, An. harrisoni and species E of the Minimus Complex.

FIGURE 1 in Formal taxonomy of species C of the Anopheles minimus sibling species complex (Diptera: Culicidae)

FIGURE 1. The microscope slide bearing the syntypes of Anopheles vincenti Laveran. The two specimens indicated by arrows are females of An. jeyporiensis James; the other three specimens are females of the Minimus Complex that cannot be identified as either An. minimus Theobald or species C of the complex, both of which occur at the type locality of An. vincenti. The specimen of An. jeyporiensis located at lower right is designated the lectotype of An. vincenti (type locality: Van Linh Commune, Chi Lang District, Lang Son Province, Vietnam; depository: Institut Pasteur, Paris [PIP]).

FIGURE 2 in Redescription of Anopheles oswaldoi (Peryassú, 1922) (Diptera: Culicidae), with formal lectotype designation

FIGURE 2. Pupa and male genitalia of Anopheles oswaldoi. A: Pupa — CT: cephalothorax; Pa: paddle; I–IX: abdominal segments. B: Male genitalia — a: gonostylus; b: gonocoxite; c: internal seta; d: accessory setae; e: aedeagus; f: dorsal claspette; g: tubercle of parabasal spine; h: ventral claspette. C: Ventral claspette — ventral view, j: median sulcus; k: preapical plate; l: refringent structure; m: mesal cleft. Scales in mm.

FIGURE 3 in Redescription of Anopheles oswaldoi (Peryassú, 1922) (Diptera: Culicidae), with formal lectotype designation

FIGURE 3. Fourth-instar larva of Anopheles oswaldoi. A: antenna; C: cranium; Dm: dorsomentum; M: mesothorax; P: prothorax; PP: pecten plate; SA: spiracular apparatus; T: metathorax; Vm: ventromentum; I–VIII: abdominal segments; X, anal lobe. Scales in mm.

FIGURE 1 in Redescription of Anopheles oswaldoi (Peryassú, 1922) (Diptera: Culicidae), with formal lectotype designation

FIGURE 1. Photographs depicting the morphological differences between the male genitalia of Anopheles oswaldoi and An. konderi. A: Aedeagus of An. oswaldoi (from Jaguaré, State of Espírito Santo, Brazil); B: Aedeagus of An. konderi (from Coari, State of Amazonas, Brazil); C: Ventral claspette An. oswaldoi (from Jaguaré, State of Espírito Santo, Brazil); D: Ventral claspette of An. konderi (from Coari, State of Amazonas, Brazil).

FIGURE 21 in A new genus and new species of fan worms (Polychaeta: Sabellidae) from Atlantic and Pacific Oceans—the formal treatment of taxon names as explanatory hypotheses

FIGURE 21. Detail of the phylogenetic hypothesis, Sabellomma, and specific hypotheses, from Fig. 20, showing optimizations of dorsal pinnular appendages. The formal definitions of these hypotheses are also presented, indicating that specific hypothesis S. minuta cannot be defined (cf. Figs 23–24 for alternative optimizations).

FIGURE 23 in A new genus and new species of fan worms (Polychaeta: Sabellidae) from Atlantic and Pacific Oceans—the formal treatment of taxon names as explanatory hypotheses

FIGURE 23. Detail of the phylogenetic and specific hypotheses from Fig. 22, showing optimizations of dorsal pinnular appendages. The formal definitions of these hypotheses are also presented, indicating that specific hypotheses S. collinae and S. harrisae cannot be defined (cf. Figs 21, 24 for alternative optimizations).

FIGURE 20 in A new genus and new species of fan worms (Polychaeta: Sabellidae) from Atlantic and Pacific Oceans—the formal treatment of taxon names as explanatory hypotheses

FIGURE 20. Strict consensus tree presented in Fig. 19, but 'inapplicable' character optimizations for distribution of simple eyes (subject 9; cf. Tables 6–7) correctly treated as inapplicable. Note that Sabellomma is monophyletic on the basis of simple eyes distributed along the entire lengths of radioles [9(1)]. Relationships among Sabellomma are determined by one of the optimizations of dorsal pinnular appendages (subject 13); compare with alternate optimization in Fig. 22.

FIGURE 19 in A new genus and new species of fan worms (Polychaeta: Sabellidae) from Atlantic and Pacific Oceans—the formal treatment of taxon names as explanatory hypotheses

FIGURE 19. Strict consensus tree of six minimum-length cladograms (phylogenetic analysis 2 - see text for discussion), showing relationships among apomorphic genera within Sabellinae. Note that the genus Sabellomma is paraphyletic. Character optimizations across all cladograms are indicated for the following subjects (cf. Tables 6–7): 9. distribution of simple eyes along radiole margins; 13. dorsal pinnular appendages; 21. interramal eyespots. Note the ambiguous optimizations for distribution of simple eyes, as a consequence of the use of 'inapplicable' codings.

FIGURE 16 in A new genus and new species of fan worms (Polychaeta: Sabellidae) from Atlantic and Pacific Oceans—the formal treatment of taxon names as explanatory hypotheses

FIGURE 16. Methyl green staining. Sabellomma minuta gen. nov., comb. nov. (spec. 16 [ZUEC-POL 7444], photographed after ~2 hours in ethanol after immersion in methyl green solution). A: total worm, ventral view; B: total worm, dorsal view; C–D: anterior end, ventral views; E: posterior end, ventral view; F: posterior end, dorsal view. Sabellomma collinae gen. nov., sp. nov. (holotype [LACM-AHF 2404], photographed after ~2.5 hours in ethanol after immersion in methyl green solution). G: total worm, right lateral view; H: anterior end, dorsal view; I–J: anterior end, ventral views; K: posterior end, right lateral view. Scale bars: A–B, G = 1 mm; C, I = 0.7 mm; D–F, K = 0.3 mm; H, J = 0.4 mm.

FIGURE 14 in A new genus and new species of fan worms (Polychaeta: Sabellidae) from Atlantic and Pacific Oceans—the formal treatment of taxon names as explanatory hypotheses

FIGURE 14. Sabellomma harrisae gen. nov., sp. nov. A: parapodia from segments 1–2; B: collar chaetae; C: notochaetae from segment 4; D–F: inferior thoracic notochaetae (paleae) from segments 3, 4 and 4, respectively; G, J: posterior abdominal neurochaetae; H–I: mid-abdominal neurochaetae. All photos from paratype 6 (LACM-AHF 2419). Scale bars: A = 40 µm; B, G–H, J = 20 µm; C = 25 µm; D = 15 µm; E = 5 µm; F = 7 µm; I = 8 µm.

FIGURE 18 in A new genus and new species of fan worms (Polychaeta: Sabellidae) from Atlantic and Pacific Oceans—the formal treatment of taxon names as explanatory hypotheses

FIGURE 18. Strict consensus tree of 16 minimum-length cladograms (phylogenetic analysis 1 - see text for discussion), showing relationships among Sabellinae. Note that the genus Sabellomma is paraphyletic.

FIGURE 15 in A new genus and new species of fan worms (Polychaeta: Sabellidae) from Atlantic and Pacific Oceans—the formal treatment of taxon names as explanatory hypotheses

FIGURE 15. Sabellomma harrisae gen. nov., sp. nov. A: neurochaetae from segment 4; B: uncini from segment 3; C: companion chaetae from segment 3; D–E: uncini from segment 6; F, J: anterior abdominal uncini; G–I: posterior abdominal uncini. All photos from paratype 6 (LACM-AHF 2419). Scale bars: A = 15 µm; B = 8 µm; C = 3 µm; D, G, J = 4 µm; E, I = 5 µm; F, H = 2 µm.

FIGURE 10 in A new genus and new species of fan worms (Polychaeta: Sabellidae) from Atlantic and Pacific Oceans—the formal treatment of taxon names as explanatory hypotheses

FIGURE 10. Sabellomma collinae gen. nov., sp. nov. A: notochaetae from segment 4; B: inferior thoracic notochaetae (paleae) from segment 2; C–D: mid-abdominal neurochaetae; E: neurochaetae from segment 3; F: mid-abdominal uncini; G: neurochaetae from segment 2; H: uncini from segment 3; I–K: companion chaetae from segments 4, 3 and 2, respectively. All photos from paratype 6 (LACM-AHF 2410). Scale bars: A = 30 µm; B = 10 µm; C–D = 12 µm; E = 20 µm; F = 5 µm; G–H = 8 µm; I, K = 4 µm; J = 2 µm.