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FIGURE 3 in Diversity of Tropidurus (Squamata: Tropiduridae) in Paraguay-an integrative taxonomic approach based on morphological and molecular genetic evidence
FIGURE 3. Location of genetic samples used for the analyses. See Appendix 1 for information on the specimens.
FIGURE 4 in Diversity of Tropidurus (Squamata: Tropiduridae) in Paraguay-an integrative taxonomic approach based on morphological and molecular genetic evidence
FIGURE 4. Phylogenetic trees of Paraguayan samples of Tropidurus inferred from 16S (A), COI (B), 16S+COI (C), and PRLR (D) partial gene sequences. For each analysis we present maximum likelihood (ML, left) and Bayesian inference (BI, right) trees. Red dots indicate support values (basedon on SH-aLRT/UFBoot for ML and posterior probability for BI) equal or superior to 80 for ML and 0.85 for BI. Roots to outgroup Plica plica (AMCC-106953). Reference bar represents substitutions per site.
FIGURE 11 in Diversity of Tropidurus (Squamata: Tropiduridae) in Paraguay-an integrative taxonomic approach based on morphological and molecular genetic evidence
FIGURE 11. Distribution maps of Tropidurus catalanensis (A), T. etheridgei (B), T. spinulosus (C), and T. lagunablanca (D).
FIGURE 13 in Diversity of Tropidurus (Squamata: Tropiduridae) in Paraguay-an integrative taxonomic approach based on morphological and molecular genetic evidence
FIGURE 13. Differences in the color of females of T. lagunablanca (above, SMF 103315) and T. spinulosus (below, SMF 103322). Note the black stripes (the upper one behind the eye, and the lower beyond the ear opening) of T. lagunablanca, absent in T. spinulosus.
FIGURE 12 in Diversity of Tropidurus (Squamata: Tropiduridae) in Paraguay-an integrative taxonomic approach based on morphological and molecular genetic evidence
FIGURE 12. Diagram showing the theory of a ring species, where populations accumulate gradual changes along temporal and spatial scales (represented here by black arrows), originating different species.
FIGURE 7 in Diversity of Tropidurus (Squamata: Tropiduridae) in Paraguay-an integrative taxonomic approach based on morphological and molecular genetic evidence
FIGURE 7. Detailed view of the left hind claws of T. torquatus (A, SMF 100097) showing a paler color than observed in T. catalanensis (B, SMF 100093). This coloration is also present in the fore claws.
FIGURE 6 in Diversity of Tropidurus (Squamata: Tropiduridae) in Paraguay-an integrative taxonomic approach based on morphological and molecular genetic evidence
FIGURE 6. Graphic visualization of genetic distances among specimens of the Tropidurus spinulosus group (red dots). The width of the lines refer to the p-distance between specimens (reference at the upper right corner). At the bottom is presented the mean p-distance between species of the torquatus group (T. catalanensis and T. etheridgei) and the two bigger clades of the spinulosus group.
FIGURE 10 in Diversity of Tropidurus (Squamata: Tropiduridae) in Paraguay-an integrative taxonomic approach based on morphological and molecular genetic evidence
FIGURE 10. Asulcate (left) and sulcate (right) views of the left hemipenes of T. lagunablanca (SMF 103316). White bar = 5 mm.
Data from: Trapped within the city: Integrating demography, time since isolation and population-specific traits to assess the genetic effects of urbanization
Urbanization is a severe form of habitat fragmentation that can cause many species to be locally extirpated and many others to become trapped and isolated within an urban matrix. The role of drift in reducing genetic diversity and increasing genetic differentiation is well recognized in urban populations. However, explicit incorporation and analysis of the demographic and temporal factors promoting drift in urban environments are poorly studied. Here, we genotyped 15 microsatellites in 320 fire salamanders from the historical city of Oviedo (Est. 8th century) to assess the effects of time since isolation, demographic history (historical effective population size; Ne) and patch size on genetic diversity, population structure and contemporary Ne. Our results indicate that urban populations of fire salamanders are highly differentiated, most likely due to the recent Ne declines, as calculated in coalescence analyses, concomitant with the urban development of Oviedo. However, urbanization only caused a small loss of genetic diversity. Regression modelling showed that patch size was positively associated with contemporary Ne, while we found only moderate support for the effects of demographic history when excluding populations with unresolved history. This highlights the interplay between different factors in determining current genetic diversity and structure. Overall, the results of our study on urban populations of fire salamanders provide some of the very first insights into the mechanisms affecting changes in genetic diversity and population differentiation via drift in urban environments, a crucial subject in a world where increasing urbanization is forecasted.
FIGURE 21. Maximum parsimony 16S rRNA phylogram for the Boophis albipunctatus group. From 485 total characters, 391 were constant and 72 in Integrative taxonomy of Malagasy treefrogs: combination of molecular genetics, bioacoustics and comparative morphology reveals twelve additional species of Boophis 2383
FIGURE 21. Maximum parsimony 16S rRNA phylogram for the Boophis albipunctatus group. From 485 total characters, 391 were constant and 72 parsimony informative. MP searches retained 26 trees of which a strict consensus is shown. Consensus support values higher than 50, from 2000 bootstrap replicates, are shown; an asterisk indicates Bayesian posterior probabilities equal or higher than 95%. Species newly described herein are in bold.
FIGURE 27 in Integrative taxonomy of Malagasy treefrogs: combination of molecular genetics, bioacoustics and comparative morphology reveals twelve additional species of Boophis 2383
FIGURE 27. Spectrogram and waveform of call type 1 of Boophis luciae sp. nov. from Andasibe (recorded on 1 February 1995, air temperature 22°C).
FIGURE 19 in Integrative taxonomy of Malagasy treefrogs: combination of molecular genetics, bioacoustics and comparative morphology reveals twelve additional species of Boophis 2383
FIGURE 19. (A) Male holotype of Boophis sandrae sp. nov. (ZMA 20133) from Ranomafana; (B) female paratype of Boophis sandrae sp. nov. (ZSM 236/2006) from Ambatolahy.
FIGURE 10 in Integrative taxonomy of Malagasy treefrogs: combination of molecular genetics, bioacoustics and comparative morphology reveals twelve additional species of Boophis 2383
FIGURE 10. Male holotype of Boophis entingae sp. nov. (ZSM 2083/2007): (A) dorsolateral view; (B) ventral view; (C) detail showing colouration of posterior surfaces of thigh.
FIGURE 8 in Integrative taxonomy of Malagasy treefrogs: combination of molecular genetics, bioacoustics and comparative morphology reveals twelve additional species of Boophis 2383
FIGURE 8. Male of Boophis brachychir (ZSM 2157/2007) from Forêt d'Ambre Special Reserve: (A) dorsolateral view; (B) ventral view.
FIGURE 5 in Integrative taxonomy of Malagasy treefrogs: combination of molecular genetics, bioacoustics and comparative morphology reveals twelve additional species of Boophis 2383
FIGURE 5. Spectrograms and waveforms of advertisement calls of: (A) Boophis andrangoloaka from Ambohitantely Special Reserve (recorded on 18 January 2005, air temperature app. 18°C); (B) Boophis rhodoscelis from Ranomafanakely, Ranomafana National Park (recorded on 28 January 2004, air temperature app. 21°C).
FIGURE 9 in Integrative taxonomy of Malagasy treefrogs: combination of molecular genetics, bioacoustics and comparative morphology reveals twelve additional species of Boophis 2383
FIGURE 9. Spectrogram, corresponding waveform and expanded waveform of the advertisement call of Boophis brachychir from Manongarivo Special Reserve (recorded on 1 February 2003, air temperature 24.5°C).
FIGURE 7. Maximum parsimony 16S in Integrative taxonomy of Malagasy treefrogs: combination of molecular genetics, bioacoustics and comparative morphology reveals twelve additional species of Boophis 2383
FIGURE 7. Maximum parsimony 16S rRNA phylogram of species of the Boophis goudoti group. From 510 total characters, 340 were constant and 130 parsimony informative. MP searches retained 3681 trees of which a strict consensus is shown. Consensus support values higher than 50, from 2000 bootstrap replicates, are shown; an asterisk indicates Bayesian posterior probabilities equal or higher than 95%. Species newly described or resurrected herein are in bold.
FIGURE 25 in Integrative taxonomy of Malagasy treefrogs: combination of molecular genetics, bioacoustics and comparative morphology reveals twelve additional species of Boophis 2383
FIGURE 25. Comparative waveform sections (each 2000 ms duration) of advertisement calls of species in the Boophis albipunctatus group: (A) Boophis schuboeae (Ranomafana National Park, 23°C); (B) Boophis haingana sp. nov. (Andohahela National Park, low altitude, 23.2°C); (C) Boophis haingana sp. nov. (Andohahela National Park, 1600 m a.s.l., 17.6°C); (D) Boophis ankaratra (Manjakatompo, 18°C); (E) Boophis miadana sp. nov. (Andohahela National Park, 1550 m a.s.l., 17.6°C).
FIGURE 22 in Integrative taxonomy of Malagasy treefrogs: combination of molecular genetics, bioacoustics and comparative morphology reveals twelve additional species of Boophis 2383
FIGURE 22. Male holotype of Boophis miadana sp. nov. (ZSM 5107/2005) from Andohahela, 1550 m a.s.l.: (A) dorsolateral view; (B) ventral view.
FIGURE 23 in Integrative taxonomy of Malagasy treefrogs: combination of molecular genetics, bioacoustics and comparative morphology reveals twelve additional species of Boophis 2383
FIGURE 23. Male holotype of Boophis haingana sp. nov. (ZSM 5109/2005) from Andohahela: (A) dorsolateral view; (B) ventral view.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.