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71 results for “grassland management”
Data from: Grassland management regimes alter the coordination of plant functional traits and nutrient resorption in semiarid grasslands
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Long-term vegetation changes in Nardus grasslands indicate eutrophication, recovery from acidification, and management change as the main drivers
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Questions</p> <p>Which trends and patterns of community change occurred in <em>Nardus</em> grasslands over recent decades in parts of the Continental biogeographic region of Germany? Are patterns and trends consistent across two study regions? Do impacts of environmental changes on <em>Nardus</em> grasslands in Central Europe correspond to those identified in the European Atlantic biogeographic region?</p> <p>Location</p> <p>East Hesse Highlands, Germany</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In 2012-2015, we re-surveyed quasi-permanent plots that had been initially surveyed between 1971 and 1987, and re-measured soil parameters. We tested for differences in species frequency and cover, mean Ellenberg indicator values, species richness, and soil variables. Nitrogen- and sulphur-deposition data were analysed to evaluate possible effects of atmospheric pollutants. We used regression- and redundancy analyses to identify environmental drivers responsible for changes in species composition.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Across regions, we found significant increases in soil pH, Ellenberg R and N indicator values, plant-nutrient indicators, forbs, species of agricultural grasslands and of fallows. By contrast, the C:N ratio<em>, Nardus</em> grassland specialists, low-nutrient indicators, and graminoids declined. Changes in species composition were related to changes in pH and management. There was a strong decrease in sulphur and a moderate increase in nitrogen deposition, whose local scale pattern did not correlate with changes in soil parameters. However, there was an effect of local NH<sub>y</sub> changes on species composition.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The findings indicate significant overall eutrophication, a trend towards less acidic conditions and insufficient management, which are widely consistent across our study regions and correspond to recent reports of vegetation changes and recovery from acidification in the Atlantic biogeographic region. We assume the reduced sulphur deposition during recent decades to be a major driver of these changes, combined with increased nitrogen deposition and reduced management intensity. This suggests a large-scale validity of processes that influenced changes in <em>Nardus</em> grasslands of Western and Central Europe.</p>
Data from: Manipulating plant community composition to steer efficient N-cycling in intensively managed grasslands
<p>1. Minimizing nitrogen (N) losses and increasing plant N uptake in agroecosystems is a major global challenge. Ecological concepts from (semi)natural grasslands suggest that manipulating plant community composition using plants species with different traits may represent a promising opportunity to face this challenge. Here we translate these trait-based concepts to agricultural systems in a field experiment, aiming to reveal the main determinants of how plant community composition regulates N-cycling in intensively managed grasslands.</p> <p>2. We focused on key N pools (plant N from soil and from biological N-fixation, soil mineral N, and N<sub>2</sub>O emissions) as well as on biological drivers of N-cycling in soil (abundance of N-cycling microbial communities, earthworm populations, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi), using three common grass and one legume species in monoculture, 2- and 4-species mixtures. We hypothesized that: (1) plant species mixtures increase plant N uptake, reduce soil mineral N concentrations and N<sub>2</sub>O emissions, and promote the abundance of biological N-cyclers; (2) legume presence stimulates N pools, fluxes, and biological N-cycling activity, (3) but in combination with a grass with acquisitive traits, more N is retained in the plant community, while N<sub>2</sub>O emissions are reduced.</p> <p>3. We found that mixtures increased plant N and lowered the soil mineral N pool compared to monocultures. However, plant species identity played an overarching role: legume presence increased N<sub>2</sub>O emissions, plant N pools, soil mineral N, and the abundance of N-cycling microbes and earthworms. Combining the legume with a grass with low leaf dry matter content and high root length density (and with high root biomass) reduced the higher soil mineral N and N<sub>2</sub>O emissions induced by the legume, while harnessing positive effects on plant N pools and biological N-fixation.</p> <p>4. Synthesis and applications. Our results unfold the potential of plant community composition to steer N-cycling in fertilized agroecosystems, paving the way for a more biologically-based <a>agriculture</a>. Legumes will play a crucial role, but selecting an optimum companion species is key for the sustainability of the agroecosystem.</p>
Maintaining an open landscape: a 15-year multi-site experiment comparing seven management methods for semi-natural grasslands
<p>The data and publications presented here stems from a field trial started in Sweden ca 1972 (at one site still running in 2023). The purpose of the trial was to compare traditional management of semi-natural grasslands by grazing or annual mowing with five alternative management methods. At <strong>e</strong>leven locations in southern Sweden, block experiments were conducted evaluating seven treatments in 5 m * 20 m plots: grazing, annual mowing, annual spring burning, mowing every third year, mechanical removal of woody plants, herbicide control of woody plants, and untreated control. After approximately 13 years, trends for woody plants and species richness, and the occurrence of management-dependent plant species, low-grown species, and pollinator-attracting plant species were analysed. Overall, the annual mowing and grazing treatments resulted in fewer woody plants, the highest species richness, and more management-dependent, low-grown, and pollinator-attracting species. The untreated control plots showed the opposite effect, whereas less intense management (annual burning, mowing every third year, and mechanical and chemical treatments of woody plants) showed mixed and often intermediate effects. </p><p>On this ZENODO-page, one can find all the orginal publication, most in Swqedish. An article summarizing much of results can be found here: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2023.e02721">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2023.e02721</a></p>
Management impacts on three reptile species (Vipera ursinii, Lacerta agilis, Lacerta viridis) in sandy grasslands in Hungary: Mowing should be avoided
<p>Understanding the factors that determine the abundance of populations is of key importance in conservation biology, ecology, and biogeography. For grassland‐associated species, such as the Hungarian meadow viper (<i>Vipera ursinii rakosiensis</i>), habitat management is particularly important. We aimed to study the effects of the three most common types of grassland management (grazing, mowing, and mowing + grazing) on the abundance of reptile species in meadow viper habitats in Kiskunság National Park, in Hungary. We surveyed grasslands repeatedly (<i>n</i> = 15 occasions) for reptiles in one autumn and one spring season in three 1‐ha quadrates per grassland management type. We recorded all reptiles and their activity related to operative temperatures and analyzed data by n‐mixture models. All reptile species known to occur in the habitats were observed during the surveys, but only the green lizard, sand lizard, and Hungarian meadow viper reached the minimum number of observations required for detailed analyses. Grazing had a strong positive effect on the abundance of Hungarian meadow vipers and sand lizards, while both mowing and mowing + grazing rotation had a negative effect. None of the grassland management types affected green lizard abundance. Our results suggest that grazing is the ideal type of grassland management for the endangered Hungarian meadow viper and the sand lizard. Mowing and mowing + grazing should be replaced by grazing to ensure the effectiveness of habitat management for conservation and to maintain healthy populations of grassland‐associated reptile species.</p>
Fig. 2 in Land management and biodiversity maintenance: a case study in grasslands in the Coastal Plain of Rio Grande do Sul
Fig. 2. Jaccard index showing similarity and plant species shared between the four grassland. São Lourenço do Sul, RS. GSB = grassland soybean/ ryegrass, GRC = grassland rice/livestock. GR1 = grassland extensive livestock breeding 1, GR2 = grassland extensive livestock breeding 2.
Warming, elevated CO2 and drought in combination amplify shifts in canopy greenness dynamics in managed grassland
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Supplementary material 1 from: Tájek P, Tenčík A, Konvička M, John V (2023) Vegetation changes at oligotrophic grasslands managed for a declining butterfly. Nature Conservation 52: 23-46. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.52.90452
Ordination scores from the indirect DCA analysis species
Data from: Manipulating plant community composition to steer efficient N-cycling in intensively managed grasslands
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Data from: Long-term belowground effects of grassland management: the key role of liming
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Governance networks around grasslands with contrasting management history
<p>Dataset article Governance networks around grasslands with contrasting management history.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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