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FIGURE 2 in A second species of Gegeneophis Peters (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Caeciliidae) lacking secondary annular grooves
FIGURE 2. Anterior end of preserved holotype (BNHS 5264) of Gegeneophis pareshi sp. nov. Scale bar in mm.
FIGURE 1 in A third species of Gegeneophis Peters (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Indotyphlidae) lacking secondary annular grooves
FIGURE 1. Gegeneophis primus sp. nov. paratopotype ZSI/WGRC/V/A/852 in life, approximately 168 mm total length.
FIGURE 3 in A third species of Gegeneophis Peters (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Indotyphlidae) lacking secondary annular grooves
FIGURE 3. Map showing the approximate positions of the type localities of the three nominal species of Gegeneophis occurring in Kerala state: 1. G. carnosus (Peria), 2. G. p r i m u s sp. nov. (Sugandhagiri), 3. G. ramaswamii (Thenmalai).
Pernambuco State, Brazil (MZSP 30975). Fig. 1: ventral, lateral & dorsal views; Fig. 2: apical view, V = varix, L = edge of outer lip. Figs. 3–4: paratype from the type lot (MZSP 122078). Fig. 3: ventral view; Fig. 4: apical view (varix not developed in this immature specimen). Figs. 5–6: shell surface SEM images of holotype (MZSP 30975). Fig. 5: image taken at 500x showing pattern of paired grooves separated by wider region; the thin line is parallel to the axis of shell. Fig. 6: a closer look showing pattern of punctae (1,000x). SEM images by Yolanda Villacampa and courtesy of the Smithsonian. in Taxonomic review of tropical western Atlantic shallow water Drilliidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Conoidea) including descriptions of 100 new species
Pernambuco State, Brazil (MZSP 30975). Fig. 1: ventral, lateral & dorsal views; Fig. 2: apical view, V = varix, L = edge of outer lip. Figs. 3–4: paratype from the type lot (MZSP 122078). Fig. 3: ventral view; Fig. 4: apical view (varix not developed in this immature specimen). Figs. 5–6: shell surface SEM images of holotype (MZSP 30975). Fig. 5: image taken at 500x showing pattern of paired grooves separated by wider region; the thin line is parallel to the axis of shell. Fig. 6: a closer look showing pattern of punctae (1,000x). SEM images by Yolanda Villacampa and courtesy of the Smithsonian.
tongue in groove medpor
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XFP-061 Grooved Harpoon Fragment, Sanak Is. AK
Grooved harpoon fragment, sea mammal bone, Sanak Island, Alaska. XFP-061. XFP-061 is one of the oldest village sites in the region dating between 3600 and 3200 BCE. It has many characteristics in common with the Ocean Bay tradition of Kodiak Island including end blades, harpoons, and other artifacts. These artifacts were scanned with either a Faro Edge Arm or a Minolta Vivid 9i. Processed in Geomagic or Polyworks. 4-8 photos were used for texture in ZBrush. The Sanak Island artifacts are presented as a result of the research conducted under grants NSF 0326584, NSF 0508101, NSF 1139266, NSF 1321411. H. Maschner, Principal Investigator. Original digitizing work done at the IVL at Id. St. Univ. Subsequent processing completed at Global Digital Heritage. Fieldwork and analysis done with the permission and collaboration of the Pauloff Harbor Tribe and the Sanak Corporation Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Full-Grooved Axe (2101a309)
**Full-grooved axe** Location: Site 31Dv6, Davidson County, North Carolina. Period: Late Archaic (3000-1000 BC). Material: coarse-grained igneous rock. Dimensions: length, 157 mm; width, 93.1 mm; thickness, 50.8 mm. Notes: Catalog no. 2101a309. North Carolina Archaeological Collection, North Carolina Archaeological Collection, Research Laboratories of Archaeology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Model by Aidan Paul. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
XPM-104, Sapsuk River, Alaska. Grooved Stone
XPM-104, Sapsuk River, Alaska. Unusual Notch Stone, Fishing Weight or Net Sinker. XPM-104-E3-U4 XPM-104 is a group of house depressions on a high terrace overlooking the river. This component dates to approximately 100-300 CE. Grooved stones such as thuse, with multiple grooves or notches, are unusual. Sapsuk River, Nelson Lagoon area, Alaska Peninsula, Alaska. Several salmon fishing sites. Early period dating 3200-2100 BCE, and a later occupation 100 BCE to 500 CE. Original digitizing work done at the IVL at Id. St. Univ. Subsequent processing completed at Global Digital Heritage. These artifacts were scanned with either a Faro Edge Arm or a Minolta Vivid 9i. Processed in Geomagic or Polyworks. 4-8 photos were used for texture in Geomagic Wrap Maschner, H. et al. 2010. The Archaeology of the Sapsuk River, Alaska. An Occasional Papers Publication. Bureau of Indian Affairs, Alaska Region, Branch of Regional Archaeology, Anchorage. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Grooved Axe (2101a)
**Grooved axe** Location: Site 31St13, Stanly County, North Carolina. Period: Late Archaic (3000-1000 BC). Material: fine-grained igneous rock. Dimensions: length, 96.3 mm; width, 93.4 mm; thickness, 36.8 mm. Notes: Uncataloged specimen donated by Herbert M. Doerschuk, North Carolina Archaeological Collection, Research Laboratories of Archaeology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Model by Abigail Gancz. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
On following pages: 3. Ingraham's Hutia (Geocapromys ingrahami); 4. Desmarest's Hutia (Capromys pilorides); 5. Cabrera's Hutia (Mesocapromys angelcabrerai); 6. Eared Hutia (Mesocapromys auritus); 7. Black-tailed Hutia (Mesocapromys melanurus); 8. Dwarf Hutia (Mesocapromys nanus); 9. Prehensile-tailed Hutia (Mysateles prehensilis); 10. Garrido Tree Hutia (Mysateles garridol); 11. Groove-toothed Spiny-rat (Carterodon sulcidens). in Echimyidae
On following pages: 3. Ingraham's Hutia (Geocapromys ingrahami); 4. Desmarest's Hutia (Capromys pilorides); 5. Cabrera's Hutia (Mesocapromys angelcabrerai); 6. Eared Hutia (Mesocapromys auritus); 7. Black-tailed Hutia (Mesocapromys melanurus); 8. Dwarf Hutia (Mesocapromys nanus); 9. Prehensile-tailed Hutia (Mysateles prehensilis); 10. Garrido Tree Hutia (Mysateles garridol); 11. Groove-toothed Spiny-rat (Carterodon sulcidens).
On following pages: 473. Senegal Striped Grass Mouse (Lemniscomys linulus); 474. Mittendorf's Striped Grass Mouse (Lemniscomys mittendorfi); 475. Hoogstraal's Striped Grass Mouse (Lemniscomys hoogstraali), 476. Buffoon Striped Grass Mouse (Lemniscomys macculus); 477. Griselda Striped Grass Mouse (Lemniscomys griselda); 478. Single-striped Grass Mouse (Lemniscomys rosalia); 479. Rosevear's Striped Grass Mouse (Lemniscomys roseveari); 480. West African Rufous-nosed Rat (Oenomys ornatus); 481. Common Rufous-nosed Rat (Oenomys hypoxanthus); 482. East African Groove-toothed Swamp Rat (Pelomys fallax); 483. Hopkins's Groove-toothed Swamp Rat (Pelomys hopkinsi); 484. Lake Victoria Groove-toothed Swamp Rat (Pelomys isseli); 485. Angolan Groove-toothed Swamp Rat (Pelomys campanae); 486. Least Groove-toothed Swamp Rat (Pelomys minor); 487. Target Rat (Stochomys longicaudatus); 488. Kemp's Thicket Rat (Thamnomys kempi); 489. Hatt's Thicket Rat (Thamnomys majon; 490. Schouteden's Thicket Rat (Thamnomys schoutedeni); 491. Thomas's Thicket Rat (Thamnomys venustus); 492. Namaqua Rock Rat (Micaelamys namaquensis); 493. Grant's Rock Rat (Micaelamys granti); 494. Mesic Four-striped Grass Rat (Rhabdomys dilectus); 495. West-Central South African Fourstriped Grass Rat (Rhabdomys bechuanae); 496. KwaZulu Natal Four-striped Grass Rat (Rhabdomys chakae); 497. Karoo Four-striped Grass Rat (Rhabdomys intermedius); 498. Xeric Four-striped Grass Rat (Rhabdomys pumilio), 499. Loring's Thallomys (Thallomys loringi); 500. Black-tailed Thallomys (Thallomys nigricauda); 501. Sundevall's Thallomys (Thallomys paedulcus); 502. Shortridge's Thallomys (Thallomys shortridgei). in Muridae
On following pages: 473. Senegal Striped Grass Mouse (Lemniscomys linulus); 474. Mittendorf's Striped Grass Mouse (Lemniscomys mittendorfi); 475. Hoogstraal's Striped Grass Mouse (Lemniscomys hoogstraali), 476. Buffoon Striped Grass Mouse (Lemniscomys macculus); 477. Griselda Striped Grass Mouse (Lemniscomys griselda); 478. Single-striped Grass Mouse (Lemniscomys rosalia); 479. Rosevear's Striped Grass Mouse (Lemniscomys roseveari); 480. West African Rufous-nosed Rat (Oenomys ornatus); 481. Common Rufous-nosed Rat (Oenomys hypoxanthus); 482. East African Groove-toothed Swamp Rat (Pelomys fallax); 483. Hopkins's Groove-toothed Swamp Rat (Pelomys hopkinsi); 484. Lake Victoria Groove-toothed Swamp Rat (Pelomys isseli); 485. Angolan Groove-toothed Swamp Rat (Pelomys campanae); 486. Least Groove-toothed Swamp Rat (Pelomys minor); 487. Target Rat (Stochomys longicaudatus); 488. Kemp's Thicket Rat (Thamnomys kempi); 489. Hatt's Thicket Rat (Thamnomys majon; 490. Schouteden's Thicket Rat (Thamnomys schoutedeni); 491. Thomas's Thicket Rat (Thamnomys venustus); 492. Namaqua Rock Rat (Micaelamys namaquensis); 493. Grant's Rock Rat (Micaelamys granti); 494. Mesic Four-striped Grass Rat (Rhabdomys dilectus); 495. West-Central South African Fourstriped Grass Rat (Rhabdomys bechuanae); 496. KwaZulu Natal Four-striped Grass Rat (Rhabdomys chakae); 497. Karoo Four-striped Grass Rat (Rhabdomys intermedius); 498. Xeric Four-striped Grass Rat (Rhabdomys pumilio), 499. Loring's Thallomys (Thallomys loringi); 500. Black-tailed Thallomys (Thallomys nigricauda); 501. Sundevall's Thallomys (Thallomys paedulcus); 502. Shortridge's Thallomys (Thallomys shortridgei).
Otomys orestes previously was included in O. wrroratus or O. typus but later shown to be a distinct species. Monotypic. Distribution. Mt Kenya and Aberdare Range, C Kenya. Descriptive notes. Head-body 135-175 mm, tail 61-93 mm, ear 21-25 mm, hindfoot 25-30 mm. No specific data are available for body weight. The Afroalpine Vlei Rat is large and robust, with large blunt head, short tail, and shaggy fur. Fur is tawny brown above, with distinctive creamy buff post-auricular patches, and dark gray below. Tail is short (c.46% of head-body length). Upper and lower incisors each have single deep groove, and additional faint groove is present on lower incisors. M, has fourlaminae, and M" has seven or occasionally six laminae. in Muridae
Otomys orestes previously was included in O. wrroratus or O. typus but later shown to be a distinct species. Monotypic. Distribution. Mt Kenya and Aberdare Range, C Kenya. Descriptive notes. Head-body 135-175 mm, tail 61-93 mm, ear 21-25 mm, hindfoot 25-30 mm. No specific data are available for body weight. The Afroalpine Vlei Rat is large and robust, with large blunt head, short tail, and shaggy fur. Fur is tawny brown above, with distinctive creamy buff post-auricular patches, and dark gray below. Tail is short (c.46% of head-body length). Upper and lower incisors each have single deep groove, and additional faint groove is present on lower incisors. M, has fourlaminae, and M" has seven or occasionally six laminae.
Although previously included in O. typus, O. jackson: differs from it in body size, number of M® lamina, and genetically. Monotypic. Distribution. Known only from Mt Elgon, E Uganda and W Kenya. Descriptive notes. Head-body 120-171 mm, tail 57-82 mm, ear 19-26 mm, hindfoot 19-26 mm; weight 70-121 g. The Mount Elgon Vlei Rat is medium to large in size and robust, with large blunt head, shorttail, and shaggy fur; it is the smallest of the O. typus species group. Fur coloris not clearly distinct from the Ethiopian Vlei Rat (O. typus). Lower incisors each have two deep grooves. M, has four laminae, and M? has seven laminae. in Muridae
Although previously included in O. typus, O. jackson: differs from it in body size, number of M® lamina, and genetically. Monotypic. Distribution. Known only from Mt Elgon, E Uganda and W Kenya. Descriptive notes. Head-body 120-171 mm, tail 57-82 mm, ear 19-26 mm, hindfoot 19-26 mm; weight 70-121 g. The Mount Elgon Vlei Rat is medium to large in size and robust, with large blunt head, shorttail, and shaggy fur; it is the smallest of the O. typus species group. Fur coloris not clearly distinct from the Ethiopian Vlei Rat (O. typus). Lower incisors each have two deep grooves. M, has four laminae, and M? has seven laminae.
Otomys cheesmani previously was included in O.typus but shown to be a distinct spe-cies based on morphological and molecular grounds. Monotypic. Distribution. Restricted to two known lo-calities in NW Ethiopia, S ofLake Tana. Descriptive notes. Head-body 165-210 mm, tail 77-106 mm, ear 22-24 mm, hindfoot 28-31 mm. No specific data are available for body weight. Cheesman's Vlei Rat has shaggy dark pelage and is larger than all other species of Otomys, except the Angolan Vlei Rat (O. anchietae). Fur of Cheesman's Vlei Rat is bright brown, with reddish shade above and pale yellowish gray below. Ears are blackish, and inner surfaces are covered with short rufous hairs. Forefeet and hindfeet are dark gray above. Tail is relatively short (49-3% of head-body length), blackish above and pale yellowish below but notappearing distinctly bicolored. Lower incisors with two deep grooves. M, has four laminae, and M" has eight or nine laminae. in Muridae
Otomys cheesmani previously was included in O.typus but shown to be a distinct spe-cies based on morphological and molecular grounds. Monotypic. Distribution. Restricted to two known lo-calities in NW Ethiopia, S ofLake Tana. Descriptive notes. Head-body 165-210 mm, tail 77-106 mm, ear 22-24 mm, hindfoot 28-31 mm. No specific data are available for body weight. Cheesman's Vlei Rat has shaggy dark pelage and is larger than all other species of Otomys, except the Angolan Vlei Rat (O. anchietae). Fur of Cheesman's Vlei Rat is bright brown, with reddish shade above and pale yellowish gray below. Ears are blackish, and inner surfaces are covered with short rufous hairs. Forefeet and hindfeet are dark gray above. Tail is relatively short (49-3% of head-body length), blackish above and pale yellowish below but notappearing distinctly bicolored. Lower incisors with two deep grooves. M, has four laminae, and M" has eight or nine laminae.
Grooved Caribou Antler, XCB-105-3675
Grooved Caribou Antler, XCB-105-3675. 400 BCE-100 CE XCB-105 Adamagan (Aleut for place of walrus hunters) is at the head of Morzhovoi Bay, western Alaska Peninsula. It is a massive village with multiple occupations. When it was occupied 400 BCE-100 CE, it was the largest village in the Arctic with an estimated 1000 people. It also has limited occupations dated 2200-1700 BCE, 1000-600 BCE, and 900-1100 CE. The Western Alaska Peninsula artifacts are presented as a result of the research conducted under grants NSF 9630072, NSF 9814086, NSF 9996372, NSF 9996415, NSF 1139266, NSF 1321411. H. Maschner, Principal Investigator. These artifacts were scanned with either a Faro Edge Arm or a Minolta Vivid 9i. Processed in Geomagic or Polyworks. 2-8 photos were used for texture in Geomagic Wrap. Original digitizing work done at the IVL at Id. St. Univ. Subsequent processing and publication completed at Global Digital Heritage. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
FIGURE 6 in A new species of Tanaopsis (Crustacea: Tanaidacea) from Japan, with remarks on the functions of serial ridges and grooves on the appendages
FIGURE 6. Tanaopsis japonica sp. nov., paratype female, scanning electron microscopic images: A, terminal region of antennule, with double arrowhead indicating vestige of small cap-like article; B, cheliped-sclerite-cephalothorax connection, right view, with asterisk indicating acute dorsal process on pereopod-1 coxa (other parts were detached); C–E, right chela, anterior (C), outer (D), and inner dorsal (E) views, with each white arrowhead indicating one ridge in outer series of denticulate ridges on dactylus, each black arrowhead indicating one ridge in series of smooth ridges on fixed finger, and each arrow indicating one fringed incision in inner hatching on dactylus; inserts in (D) and (E) are images magnified threefold from the corresponding boxes in the main panels. Scale bars: 0.01 mm for A; 0.05 mm for B–E.
FIGURE 7 in A new species of Tanaopsis (Crustacea: Tanaidacea) from Japan, with remarks on the functions of serial ridges and grooves on the appendages
FIGURE 7. Tanaopsis japonica sp. nov. A, B, holotype female; C–F, paratype female; scanning electron microscopic images: A, part of right antenna, dorsal view, showing series of denticulate ridges on article 2; B, enlargement of ridges from (A); C, cephalothorax, anterior ventral view (left cheliped and antenna removed); D, E, proximal region of antennule and antenna in right view and right anterior ventral view, respecively; F, enlargement from (E) showing grooves and ridges. Each white arrowhead, dorsal denticulate ridge on antenna article 2; each black arrowhead, ventral groove on antennule article 1. Scale bars: 0.01 mm for A, B, F; 0.1 mm for C, E; 0.05 mm for D.
Silicone oil droplet spreading inside hypocycle and epicycle grooves
<p>Chapter 2 : Droplet spreading inside curved grooves. Figure 2.3 (c) <br>Two videos of a red-dyed silicone oil droplet spreading within (top) a hypocycle groove and (bottom) a epicycle groove. The radius of the groove is the same, R = 1.37 mm, and the volume of the droplet is the same, 5 µl. The numerically found contour is in black, it allows to measure to position at both side of the droplet, and therefore the speading over time. <br>Real time video.</p>
FIGURE 34. A. Upper incisors with a longitudinal groove. B. Upper incisors without a in Systematics, distribution and ecological analysis of rodents in Jordan
FIGURE 34. A. Upper incisors with a longitudinal groove. B. Upper incisors without a longitudinal groove.
Syncopation creates the sensation of groove in synthesized music examples
<p>This dataset contains the supplementary material for the journal article:</p> <blockquote> <p><a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01036/full">Syncopation creates the sensation of groove in synthesized music examples</a></p> <p>G Sioros, M Miron, M Davies, F Gouyon, G Madison</p> <p>Frontiers in psychology 5, 1036</p> </blockquote> <p>We include the musical stimuli and the anonymized user ratings for the two experiments in the paper:</p> <p><strong>Experiment 1</strong></p> <p><em>Files included: </em></p> <ul> <li><em>musical_stimuli/expA/</em></li> <li><em>ratings/GrooveSynthExptA.XLS</em></li> </ul> <p>Our aim was to measure and understand the effect of syncopation on the sensation of groove, independently of other structural or expressive factors such as the meter or timing deviations from the metronomical positions. At the same time we wanted to eliminate any expressive features of human performances, such as timing deviations from the metrical grid or dynamic accents. To this end, we used simple piano melodies with a clear metrical structure. All melodies were in 4/4 meter and consisted of short melodic phrases of 2–4 bars. The melodies contain simple rhythmic figures such as the ones found in melodies for children and were of moderate tempo (120 BPM). Seven melodies were traditional songs for children from different cultures. Another five were composed for the purposes of the experiment. </p> <p>Four different syncopation transformations were applied on the original melodies that differ on the metrical subdivisions that the displaced notes were found after the transformation. They are coded by two numbers, <em>x</em> and <em>y</em>, in the following form <em>xDyA</em>, where <em>x</em>denotes the metrical level that the weak quarter notes were shifted to and <em>y</em> is the metrical level where the last note of each phrase is shifted to. For example, in the <em>16D8A</em> transformation the notes originally articulated on weak quarter notes were shifted to the 16 note position directly preceding the next strong beat, while the last note of each phrase in the melodies was shifted to the preceding 8 note metrical position.</p> <p>Twenty-eight participants (14 female, 14 male, mean = 30.0 years, <em>SD</em> = 2.9 years) of different nationalities participated to this experiment.</p> <p><strong>Experiment 2</strong></p> <p><em>Files included: </em></p> <ul> <li><em>musical_stimuli/expB/</em></li> <li><em>ratings/GrooveSynthExptB.XLS</em></li> </ul> <p>Experiment 1 showed that the syncopation transformations increased the groove ratings of the simple melodies, but also that all transformations had a similar effect. This raises the question whether any kind of transformation that introduces faster metrical levels but preserves the structure of the melodies would in fact result in higher ratings from the metronomic deadpan original version, or if syncopation is indeed required. In Experiment 2 we aim to address this main question by including other non-syncopation transformations. Additionally, we employ a set of three syncopation transformations that vary in the degree and strength of the syncopation that they generate. We wanted, in that way, to examine in more detail how syncopation affects the sensation of groove. In order to be able to achieve a higher degree of syncopation without altering the perceived meter, a metronome was employed to provide a strong metrical reference.</p> <p>Five of the traditional complex songs from Experiment 1 and all five simple melodies that were composed for the purposes of Experiment 1 were used. A set of transformations was then applied resulting in 6 versions of each. The meter was emphasized by a hi-hat drum sound on every quarter note with the first quarter note of each bar being dynamically stressed (twice the MIDI velocity value). An introductory bar with only the metronome sound preceded the playback of each melody.</p> <p>Transformations: Syncopation transformation 8A, Syncopation transformation 8D, Maximum syncopation, Density transformations (density1 and density2).</p> <p>Twenty-two participants (6 female, 16 male) took part in the experiment (mean = 30.7 years, <em>SD</em> = 6.3 years). Of the 22 participants, six of them had no music training and nine of them were considered professional musicians with more than 8 years of music training. </p> <p><strong>Conditions of Use</strong></p> <p>The musical stimuli and the user ratings in this dataset are offered free of charge for non-commercial use only. You can not redistribute them nor modify them. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 Unported License.</p> <p>Please Acknowledge this dataset in Academic Research</p> <p>When the present dataset is used for academic research, we would highly appreciate if scientific publications of works partly based on the present dataset quote the following publication:</p> <blockquote> <p>Syncopation creates the sensation of groove in synthesized music examples</p> <p>G Sioros, M Miron, M Davies, F Gouyon, G Madison</p> <p>Frontiers in psychology 5, 1036</p> </blockquote>
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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