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227 results for “lake morphology”
Data from: Eco-morphological differentiation in Lake Magadi tilapia, an extremophile cichlid fish living in hot, alkaline and hypersaline lakes in East Africa
Ecological diversification through divergent selection is thought to be a major force during the process of adaptive radiations. However, the large sizes and complexity of most radiations such as those of the cichlids in the African Great Lakes make it impossible to infer the exact evolutionary history of any population divergence event. The genus Alcolapia, a small cichlid lineage endemic to Lakes Magadi and Natron in East Africa, exhibits phenotypes similar to some of those found in cichlids of the radiations of the African Great Lakes. The simplicity within Alcolapia makes it an excellent model system to investigate ecological diversification and speciation. We used an integrated approach including population genomics based on RAD-seq data, geometric morphometrics, and stable isotope analyses to investigate the eco-morphological diversification of tilapia in Lake Magadi and its satellite lake Little Magadi. Additionally, we reconstructed the demographic history of the species using coalescent simulations based on the joint site frequency spectrum. The population in Little Magadi has a characteristically upturned mouth - possibly an adaptation to feeding on prey from the water surface. Eco-morphological differences between populations within Lake Magadi are more subtle, but are consistent with known ecological differences between its lagoons such as high concentrations of nitrogen attributable to extensive guano deposits in Rest of Magadi relative to Fish Springs Lagoon. All populations diverged simultaneously only about 1,100 generations ago. Differences in levels of gene flow between populations and the effective population sizes have likely resulted in the inferred heterogeneous patterns of genome-wide differentiation.
FIGURES 1–12 in Morphological variability of stomatocyst 131 Pang & Wang (Chrysophyceae) from a freshwater shallow lake in South Urals, Russia
FIGURES 1–12. Morphological variability of stomatocyst 131 Pang & Wang from the Lake Zhurmankol (SEM). Figs. 1–6. Immature stomatocysts. Note the different stages of hexagonal pattern development. Figs. 7–9. Mature stomatocysts with fully developed hexagonal pattern and high mesh edges. Figs. 10–12. Structure of the pore-collar complex. Note a regular pore surrounded by a planar annulus. Scale bars: 1 μm.
FIGURE 4 in Molecular and morphological identification of frog species collected at Rara Lake in Rara National Park, Nepal
FIGURE 4. The adult male specimen of Paa cf. ercepeae (NHM 17A-0120). (A–F) specimen in preservative; (A & D) dorsal view; (C & E) ventral view; (B) frontal view; (F) left foot.
FIGURE 3 in Molecular and morphological identification of frog species collected at Rara Lake in Rara National Park, Nepal
FIGURE 3. (A) Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of 25 meristic measurements from 27 male specimens colored by species. Circles are scaled by snout-vent length (SVL); (B) Boxplot of SVL (mm) for each Paa species showing that SVL predicts most of the variation between species.
FIGURE 1 in Molecular and morphological identification of frog species collected at Rara Lake in Rara National Park, Nepal
FIGURE 1. Top - Map of the western extent of Rara Lake demonstrating where we encountered the specimens used in this study. Bottom - Rara Lake landscape view (left); Lake outlet (right).
FIGURE 2 in Molecular and morphological identification of frog species collected at Rara Lake in Rara National Park, Nepal
FIGURE 2.. Maximum Likelihood phylogeny of Paa species from the Central Himalaya clade. Bold letters indicate data (specimens) collected in this study. Bootstrap values> 75 are shown in black circles. Colors correspond to Fig. 3.
FIGURE 5 in Molecular and morphological identification of frog species collected at Rara Lake in Rara National Park, Nepal
FIGURE 5. The adult male specimens of Paa rarica. (A, C, D, E, & F) specimen NHM 17A-0118; (B) specimen NHM 17A- 0119; (A & B) specimens in life; (C, D, E, & F) specimens in preservative; (A, B, C, & D) dorsal view; (E) ventral view; (E & F) spines on the first and second fingers and chest region.
Supplementary material 5 from: Karanovic I, Sitnikova TY (2017) Morphological and molecular diversity of Lake Baikal candonid ostracods, with description of a new genus. ZooKeys 684: 19-56. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.684.13249
p-distances between 28S rRNA sequences, vx region : Explanation note: data were used for the Figure 16.
Supplementary material 4 from: Karanovic I, Sitnikova TY (2017) Morphological and molecular diversity of Lake Baikal candonid ostracods, with description of a new genus. ZooKeys 684: 19-56. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.684.13249
p-distances between 28S rRNA sequences, em region : Explanation note: data were used for the Figure 16.
Supplementary material 1 from: Karanovic I, Sitnikova TY (2017) Morphological and molecular diversity of Lake Baikal candonid ostracods, with description of a new genus. ZooKeys 684: 19-56. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.684.13249
Locality data and BenBank Accession Numbers : Explanation note: Species in bold are our sequences, regular font species were downloaded from the GenBank.
Supplementary material 3 from: Karanovic I, Sitnikova TY (2017) Morphological and molecular diversity of Lake Baikal candonid ostracods, with description of a new genus. ZooKeys 684: 19-56. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.684.13249
p-distances between 28S rRNA sequences, df region : Explanation note: data were used for the Figure 16.
Fig. 1 in Morphological specificities of vendace (Salmoniformes: Salmonidae: Coregoninae: Coregonus albula) population in Lake Pleshcheyevo (the Volga River basin): relationships of two phylogenetic lineages in a new zone of secondary contact
Fig. 1 Map of European north of Russia marking the selected sampling location. 1, 2—Lake Goreloye [16] and Lake Bol'shoye Krasnoye [35] (Bol'shoy Solovetsky Island); 3—Lake Beloye [16]; 4—Lake Pleshcheyevo: lineages E [44] and ALBP2 [29]; 5—Lake Vishtynetskoye (Kaliningrad region) [28]. In square brackets, the sample size is shown
Fig. 3 in Morphological specificities of vendace (Salmoniformes: Salmonidae: Coregoninae: Coregonus albula) population in Lake Pleshcheyevo (the Volga River basin): relationships of two phylogenetic lineages in a new zone of secondary contact
Fig. 3 Plots of scores for the first two discriminant functions for size-free morphometric data for six vendace (C. albula) groups. 1—Lake Pleshcheyevo, lineage E; 2—Lake Pleshcheyevo, lineage ALBP2; 3—Lake Goreloye; 4—Lake Bol'shoye Krasnoye; 5—Lake Vishtynetskoye; 6—Lake Beloye. 95% confidence ellipses are shown
Data from: A phylogenetic and morphologic context for the radiation of an endemic fauna in a long-lived lake: Corbulidae (Bivalvia; Myoida) in the Miocene Pebas Formation of western Amazonia
The Corbulidae are one of a handful of a primarily marine bivalve clades that exhibit a remarkable radiation, marked by increased species richness and divergent morphologies, within a long-lived lake. For corbulids, this diversification occurred within the lower to middle Miocene Pebas Formation of western Amazonia. Only one taxon associated with this radiation (Anticorbula) remains extant. We conducted a series of phylogenetic analyses to characterize diversification of Corbulidae within the Pebas Formation and relate that diversification to geologically older freshwater corbulids from the Paleocene Fort Union Formation of the northern Great Plains (United States). We used these results, as well as a quantitative examination of morphospace occupation, to infer whether Pebasian corbulids represent a true species flock, and whether the lacustrine system represented by the Pebas Formation represents a cradle of, or reservoir for, freshwater corbulid diversity. We conducted two sets of phylogenetic analyses using shell morphology characters. A genus-level data set incorporated type species of freshwater corbulid genera, any Paleocene representatives of these genera, and selected brackish and marine corbulid genera. A species-level analysis added all described freshwater corbulid taxa to the genus-level matrix. Our results were highly resolved (few most-parsimonious trees), but not particularly robust (low branch support). For the genus-level matrix, we used a taxon jackknife procedure to explore the effects of taxon sampling on tree stability and topology. Jackknife results recover a subclade of freshwater taxa (including both Anticorbula and Pachydon species and the Paleocene Ostomya sp.) in 92.4% of trees, although placement of this subclade across the ingroup varies, as do the topologic positions of other freshwater species. Freshwater and marine corbulids also are morphologically distinct from each other, a factor that likely reduced the robustness of our phylogenetic results. By combining these results with paleoecologic, stratigraphic, and morphologic data, we infer that freshwater corbulids arose once within the family, prior to the Cenozoic, with three distinct freshwater lineages present at their first appearance in the late Paleocene of North America. Within the Miocene Pebas system of South America, we reconstruct supralimital morphologic evolution within three lineages as freshwater taxa became variously adapted to the fluid, dysoxic muds characterizing lake-bottom facies representative of the Pebas lacustrine system. In addition, corbulids apparently successfully coped with high predation pressures from co-occurring shellcrushing predators. Finally, we consider that freshwater Corbulidae were primarily fluvial taxa throughout their geologic history, with a relatively ephemeral radiation within the Pebasian lake system, thus making the Pebasian system a cradle of diversity for several corbulid lineages.
Data from: Quantitative genetic inheritance of morphological divergence in a lake-stream stickleback ecotype pair: implications for reproductive isolation
Ecological selection against hybrids between populations occupying different habitats might be an important component of reproductive isolation during the initial stages of speciation. The strength and directionality of this barrier to gene flow depends on the genetic architecture underlying divergence in ecologically relevant phenotypes. We here present line cross analyses of inheritance for two key foraging-related morphological traits involved in adaptive divergence between stickleback ecotypes residing parapatrically in lake and stream habitats within the Misty Lake watershed (Vancouver Island, Canada). One main finding is striking genetic dominance of the lake phenotype for body depth. Selection associated with this phenotype against first and later generation hybrids should therefore be asymmetric, hindering introgression from the lake to the stream population but not vice versa. Another main finding is that divergence in gill raker number is inherited additively and should therefore contribute symmetrically to reproductive isolation. Our study suggests that traits involved in adaptation might contribute to reproductive isolation qualitatively differently, depending on their mode of inheritance.
FIGURE 42 in Morphology and ultrastructure of Hippodonta qinghainensis sp. nov. (Bacillariophyceae), a new diatom from Lake Qinghai, China
FIGURE 42. Ordination plots representing the first two axes of the Canonical Variates Analysis (CVA) performed on the normalized coordinates of the morphological landmarks digitized on LM images of Hippodonta qinghainensis and other species of Hippodonta.
FIGURES 38–40 in Morphology and ultrastructure of Hippodonta qinghainensis sp. nov. (Bacillariophyceae), a new diatom from Lake Qinghai, China
FIGURES 38–40. Boxplots showing quantile distributions of valves characters for Hippodonta qinghainensis 38. Valve length. 39. Valve width. 40. Stria density (= number of striae in 10 µm). The 25–75 percent quartiles (excluding outliers) are drawn using a box. The median is shown with a horizontal line inside the box. The whiskers represent the upper and lower "inner fence", i.e. are drawn from the edge of the box up to the largest/lowest data point less than 1.5 times the box height. Outliers, i.e. values outside the inner fences, are shown as circles if they lie further from the edge of the box than 3 times the box height.
FIGURES 34–37 in Morphology and ultrastructure of Hippodonta qinghainensis sp. nov. (Bacillariophyceae), a new diatom from Lake Qinghai, China
FIGURES 34–37. SEM images of Hippodonta qinghainensis. Figs 34, 35. Internal view of entire valves of different size. Striae composed of simple lineolae, positioned in quite shallow and narrow depressions; interstriae strongly pronounced. Some lineolae are still covered by volae. Raphe-sternum thickened towards central raphe endings. Fig. 36. Internal view, detail of apex. Linear raphe slit distally terminated by crescent-shaped helictoglossa, positioned just below terminal area. Fig. 37. Internal, oblique view showing two rows of lineolae around the valve apex. Scale bars in Fig. 34 = 3 µm; Fig. 35, 37 = 2 µm; Fig. 36 = 1 µm.
FIGURES 28–33 in Morphology and ultrastructure of Hippodonta qinghainensis sp. nov. (Bacillariophyceae), a new diatom from Lake Qinghai, China
FIGURES 28–33. SEM images of Hippodonta qinghainensis. Fig. 28. External view of entire valve. Striae composed of simple lineolae throughout. Figs 29, 31. Close-up of apices. Terminal pores of raphe are weakly deflected towards one valve side. Two rows of apical areolae at the valve apices. Fig. 30. Close-up of central area. External central raphe endings weakly developed, teardrop-shaped depressions. Fig. 32. External view of complete frustules showing broad, unornamented girdle. Fig. 33. Detail of one apex in girdle view, showing two rows of apical areolae. Scale bars in Figs 28, 32, 33 = 2 µm; Figs 29, 30, 31 = 1 µm.
FIGURE 2 in Morphology and ultrastructure of Hippodonta qinghainensis sp. nov. (Bacillariophyceae), a new diatom from Lake Qinghai, China
FIGURE 2. Positions of the 20 landmarks, with fixed landmarks represented by filled circles and sliding landmarks represented by empty circles. Average valve shapes (= consensus) of the newly described species, Hippodonta qinghainensis, and of the other Hippodonta species compared in the text.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.