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100 results for “lichen diversity”
Diversity of lichenized fungi in the Argentinean, Brazilian and Uruguayan pampas
<p>A review of the literature on the occurrence of species of lichenized fungi (lichens) in the Pampa biome, which encompasses part of Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay.a review of the literature on the occurrence of species of lichenized fungi (lichens) in the Pampa biome, which encompasses part of Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay.</p>
Sequences and tree used in: Growth form is strongest predictor of algal photobiont community diversity in lichens: Dissertation chapter
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Data from: Tracking global change using lichen diversity: towards a global-scale ecological indicator
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Data from: Phylogenetic diversity of two geographically overlapping species in the lichen genus Sticta (Ascomycota: Peltigeraceae): Isolation by distance, environment, or fragmentation?
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Data from: Effects of natural forest dynamics on vascular plant, bryophyte, and lichen diversity in primeval Fagus sylvatica forests and comparison with production forests
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Integrative biodiversity inventories: characterizing lichen-forming fungal diversity in Glen Canyon National Recreation Area using DNA barcoding and vouchered specimens
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Data from: Photoautotrophic symbiont and geography are major factors affecting highly structured and diverse bacterial communities in the lichen microbiome
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Data from: Fungal specificity and selectivity for algae play a major role in determining lichen partnerships across diverse ecogeographic regions in the lichen-forming family Parmeliaceae
Microbial symbionts are instrumental to the ecological and long-term evolutionary success of their hosts, and the central role of symbiotic interactions is increasingly recognized across the vast majority of life. Lichens provide an iconic group for investigating patterns in species interactions; however, relationships among lichen symbionts are often masked by uncertain species boundaries or an inability to reliably identify symbionts. The species-rich lichen-forming fungal family Parmeliaceae provides a diverse group for assessing patterns of interactions of algal symbionts, and our study addresses patterns of lichen symbiont interactions at the largest geographic and taxonomic scales attempted to date. We analysed a total of 2356 algal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region sequences collected from lichens representing ten mycobiont genera in Parmeliaceae, two genera in Lecanoraceae and 26 cultured Trebouxia strains. Algal ITS sequences were grouped into operational taxonomic units (OTUs); we attempted to validate the evolutionary independence of a subset of the inferred OTUs using chloroplast and mitochondrial loci. We explored the patterns of symbiont interactions in these lichens based on ecogeographic distributions and mycobiont taxonomy. We found high levels of undescribed diversity in Trebouxia, broad distributions across distinct ecoregions for many photobiont OTUs and varying levels of mycobiont selectivity and specificity towards the photobiont. Based on these results, we conclude that fungal specificity and selectivity for algal partners play a major role in determining lichen partnerships, potentially superseding ecology, at least at the ecogeographic scale investigated here. To facilitate effective communication and consistency across future studies, we propose a provisional naming system for Trebouxia photobionts and provide representative sequences for each OTU circumscribed in this study.
Data from: Coalescent-based species delimitation approach uncovers high cryptic diversity in the cosmopolitan lichen-forming fungal genus Protoparmelia (Lecanorales, Ascomycota)
Species recognition in lichen-forming fungi has been a challenge because of unsettled species concepts, few taxonomically relevant traits, and limitations of traditionally used morphological and chemical characters for identifying closely related species. Here we analyze species diversity in the cosmopolitan genus Protoparmelia s.l. The ~25 described species in this group occur across diverse habitats from the boreal -arctic/alpine to the tropics, but their relationship to each other remains unexplored. In this study, we inferred the phylogeny of 18 species currently assigned to this genus based on 160 specimens and six markers: mtSSU, nuLSU, ITS, RPB1, MCM7, and TSR1. We assessed the circumscription of species-level lineages in Protoparmelia s. str. using two coalescent-based species delimitation methods – BP&P and spedeSTEM. Our results suggest the presence of a tropical and an extra-tropical lineage, and eleven previously unrecognized distinct species-level lineages in Protoparmelia s. str. Several cryptic lineages were discovered as compared to phenotype-based species delimitation. Many of the putative species are supported by geographic evidence.
Arctic bryophyte and lichen diversity across microclimatic and competition gradients
<p>Data collected as part of the project 'Arctic bryophyte and lichen diversity across microclimatic and competition gradients'. Plant data were collected following a standardised protocol in the field across an Arctic latitudinal gradient, including Latnjajaure, Sweden (2021), Longyearbyen, Svalbard (2022) and Disko Island, Greenland (2023). Surveying took place with the point-framing method in 0.5x0.5m plots, collecting a total of 30 hits per plot. In total, 110 plots were surveyed. </p> <p>See metadata for a description of all data fields in the database. </p> <p>First release of the data under embargo until the corresponding manuscript is published.</p>
Figure 2 from: Degtjarenko P, Jüriado I, Mandel T, Tõrra T, Saag A, Scheidegger C, Randlane T (2019) Microsatellite based genetic diversity of the widespread epiphytic lichen Usnea subfloridana (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) in Estonia: comparison of populations from the mainland and an island. MycoKeys 58: 27-45. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.58.36557
Figure 2 Total number of shared haplotypes between populations of Usnea subfloridana in the south-eastern (SE), the western (W) and northern (N) regions of Estonia; the thickness of lines reflects the number of shared haplotypes between populations.
Figure 3 from: Degtjarenko P, Jüriado I, Mandel T, Tõrra T, Saag A, Scheidegger C, Randlane T (2019) Microsatellite based genetic diversity of the widespread epiphytic lichen Usnea subfloridana (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) in Estonia: comparison of populations from the mainland and an island. MycoKeys 58: 27-45. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.58.36557
Figure 3 Usnea subfloridana multilocus genotypes in the principal component analysis (PCA) ordination plot of the first and second axes. Samples are grouped according to the presence of lichen substance: samples containing thamnolic (square) or squamatic acid (circle).
Figure 1 from: Degtjarenko P, Jüriado I, Mandel T, Tõrra T, Saag A, Scheidegger C, Randlane T (2019) Microsatellite based genetic diversity of the widespread epiphytic lichen Usnea subfloridana (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) in Estonia: comparison of populations from the mainland and an island. MycoKeys 58: 27-45. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.58.36557
Figure 1 Distribution map of Usnea subfloridana in Estonia (light grey squares) and study populations (black circles) on Hiiumaa island in the western region (W), in the south-eastern region (SE) and in the northern region of Estonia; the map of Scandinavia was taken from free map resource http://d-maps.com/carte.php?num_car=5977&lang=en.
Figure 6 from: Degtjarenko P, Jüriado I, Mandel T, Tõrra T, Saag A, Scheidegger C, Randlane T (2019) Microsatellite based genetic diversity of the widespread epiphytic lichen Usnea subfloridana (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) in Estonia: comparison of populations from the mainland and an island. MycoKeys 58: 27-45. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.58.36557
Figure 6 Alleles of Usnea subfloridana and explanatory variables mean annual air temperature ('Temp') and geographical longitude of populations ('Long') in the bi-plot of the redundancy analysis (RDA) of the first and second axes. Labels of alleles prefixed by '8' or '9' indicate that these alleles belong to loci Us08 or Us09, respectively; for example, 8201 means that allele 201 is from Us08
Figure 4 from: Degtjarenko P, Jüriado I, Mandel T, Tõrra T, Saag A, Scheidegger C, Randlane T (2019) Microsatellite based genetic diversity of the widespread epiphytic lichen Usnea subfloridana (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) in Estonia: comparison of populations from the mainland and an island. MycoKeys 58: 27-45. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.58.36557
Figure 4 Usnea subfloridana multilocus genotypes (Us02, Us03, Us04, Us05, Us06, Us08, Us09) and explanatory variables mean annual air temperature ('Temp') and the presence of thamnolic acid ('Tham') in a lichen sample in the bi-plot of the redundancy analysis (RDA) of the first and second axes.
Figure 5 from: Degtjarenko P, Jüriado I, Mandel T, Tõrra T, Saag A, Scheidegger C, Randlane T (2019) Microsatellite based genetic diversity of the widespread epiphytic lichen Usnea subfloridana (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) in Estonia: comparison of populations from the mainland and an island. MycoKeys 58: 27-45. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.58.36557
Figure 5 Sample populations of Usnea subfloridana and explanatory variables mean annual air temperature ('Temp') and geographical longitude of populations ('Long') in the bi-plot of the redundancy analysis (RDA) of the first and second axes. The shape of symbols indicates the geographical location of studied populations (square – south-eastern region of mainland, circle - western island and diamond – north-eastern region) and the size of symbols indicates the number of different alleles found in the studied populations.
Fig. 3 in Another example of cryptic diversity in lichen-forming fungi: the new species Parmelia mayi (Ascomycota: Parmeliaceae)
Fig. 3 Parmelia mayi habit (MAF-Lich 15767-holotype) (Scale = 2 mm)
TABLE 1 in Small island but great diversity: thirty six species of Parmotrema (Parmeliaceae, lichenized Ascomycota), including sixteen new species, on Réunion (Mascarenes), with additional data from the Western Indian Ocean
<p><b>TABLE 1.</b> List of the 36 species of the genus <i>Parmotrema</i> reported from Réunion Island with, for each species, its Mycobank number, the availability of an ITS barcode, and a summary of its currently known distribution.</p><table><tbody><tr><th></th><th>MycoBank no.</th><th>ITS barcode</th><th><b>Distribution as currently known</b></th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th><i>P. appendiculatum</i> (Fée) Hale</th><td>343010</td><td>No</td><td>Réunion</td></tr><tr><th><i>P. aurantioreagens</i> D.M. Masson & Sérus., <i>sp. nov.</i></th><td>853865</td><td>Yes</td><td>Réunion</td></tr><tr><th><i>P. austrosinense</i> (Zahlbr.) Hale</th><td>343014</td><td>Yes</td><td>Pantropical, extending into temperate areas, incl. Madagascar, Mauritius and Réunion</td></tr><tr><th><i>P. brachyblepharum</i> D.M. Masson, Magain & Sérus., <i>sp. nov</i></th><td>853866</td><td>Yes</td><td>Réunion</td></tr><tr><th><i>P. cetratum</i> (Ach.) Hale</th><td>343018</td><td>No</td><td>Pantropical, extending into temperate areas, incl. Madagascar and Réunion</td></tr><tr><th><i>P.</i> cf. <i>clavuliferum</i> (Räsänen) Streimann</th><td>129346</td><td>Yes</td><td>Maybe pantropical and pantemperate, incl. Madagascar and Réunion</td></tr><tr><th><i>P. cooperi</i> (J. Steiner & Zahlbr.) Sérus.</th><td>107091</td><td>No</td><td>Pantropical, incl. Madagascar and Réunion</td></tr><tr><th><i>P. crinitum</i> (Ach.) M. Choisy</th><td>368891</td><td>Yes</td><td>Widespread in temperate and tropical areas, incl. Madagascar, Mauritius and Réunion</td></tr><tr><th><i>P. cristiferum</i> (Taylor) Hale</th><td>343031</td><td>Yes</td><td>Pantropical, extending into temperate areas, incl. Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, Réunion and Seychelles</td></tr><tr><th><i>P. crossotum</i> D.M. Masson & Sérus., <i>sp. nov.</i></th><td>853867</td><td>Yes</td><td>Réunion</td></tr><tr><th><i>P.</i> cf. <i>deflectens</i> (Kurok.) Streimann</th><td>129347</td><td>No</td><td>Paleotropical, incl. Madagascar and Réunion</td></tr><tr><th><i>P. dilatatum</i> (Vainio) Hale</th><td>343038</td><td>Yes</td><td>Pantropical, incl. Mauritius and Réunion</td></tr><tr><th><i>P. eleonomum</i> D.M. Masson, Magain & Sérus., <i>sp. nov.</i></th><td>853868</td><td>Yes</td><td>Réunion</td></tr><tr><th><i>P. intonsum</i> D.M. Masson, Magain & Sérus., <i>sp. nov.</i></th><td>853869</td><td>Yes</td><td>Madagascar and Réunion</td></tr><tr><th><i>P. mascarenense</i> D.M. Masson & Sérus., <i>sp. nov.</i></th><td>853870</td><td>Yes</td><td>Mauritius and Réunion</td></tr><tr><th><i>P. meiospermum</i> (Hue) D.M. Masson & Sérus. <i>comb. nov.</i></th><td>853882</td><td>Yes</td><td>Mauritius and Réunion</td></tr><tr><th><i>P. mellissii</i> (C.W. Dodge) Hale</th><td>343083</td><td>Yes</td><td>Pantropical, extending into temperate areas, incl. Madagascar and Réunion</td></tr><tr><th><i>P. mezierii</i> D.M. Masson & Sérus., <i>sp. nov.</i></th><td>853871</td><td>Yes</td><td>Réunion</td></tr><tr><th><i>P. mirum</i> D.M. Masson & Sérus., <i>sp. nov.</i></th><td>853872</td><td>Yes</td><td>Réunion</td></tr><tr><th><i>P.</i> cf. <i>negrosorientale</i> Elix & Schumm</th><td>546186</td><td>Yes</td><td>Philippines, Mauritius and Réunion</td></tr><tr><th><i>P. nemorum</i> D.M. Masson, Magain & Sérus., <i>sp. nov.</i></th><td>853873</td><td>Yes</td><td>Réunion</td></tr><tr><th><i>P. nephophilum</i> D.M. Masson & Sérus., <i>sp. nov.</i></th><td>853874</td><td>Yes</td><td>Réunion</td></tr><tr><th><i>P. occultum</i> D.M. Masson & Sérus., <i>sp. nov.</i></th><td>853875</td><td>Yes</td><td>Réunion</td></tr><tr><th><i>P. odontatum</i> (Hue) D.M. Masson & Sérus., <i>comb. nov.</i></th><td>853883</td><td>Yes</td><td>Réunion</td></tr><tr><th><i>P. orarium</i> D.M. Masson, Magain & Sérus., <i>sp. nov.</i></th><td>853876</td><td>Yes</td><td>Réunion</td></tr><tr><th><i>P. paramascarenense</i> D.M. Masson, <i>sp. nov.</i></th><td>853877</td><td>No</td><td>Madagascar and Réunion</td></tr><tr><th><i>P. praesorediosum</i> (Nyl.) Hale</th><td>343106</td><td>No</td><td>Pantropical, extending into temperate areas, incl. Madagascar, Mauritius and Réunion</td></tr></tbody></table><p>......continued on the next page</p>
Linked collectors and determiners for: University of California, Davis, Center for Plant Diversity - Lichen Herbarium.
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "University of California, Davis, Center for Plant Diversity - Lichen Herbarium". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/cf6a5ca0-c9ca-4d99-85df-598bc118226d">https://bionomia.net/dataset/cf6a5ca0-c9ca-4d99-85df-598bc118226d</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/cf6a5ca0-c9ca-4d99-85df-598bc118226d">https://gbif.org/dataset/cf6a5ca0-c9ca-4d99-85df-598bc118226d</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Figure 4 from: Rikkinen J (2013) Molecular studies on cyanobacterial diversity in lichen symbioses. MycoKeys 6: 3-32. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.6.3869
Figure 4 - Photobiont-mediated guilds in lichens (modified from Rikkinen 2003).The lichen-forming fungi belong to three different guilds, one centring around cyanobacterial symbionts (A), the second around green algal symbionts (B), and the third around another genus of green algal symbionts (C). The lichen in the middle of the picture houses both green algae and cyanobacteria (in cephalodia), meaning that its fungal symbiont can operate in two different guilds (C and A). As the symbiotic propagules of this lichen only contain the fungus and green algal photobiont, the fungus is a core species in guild C and a fringe species in guild A. Under certain conditions this fungus may give rise to cyanobacterial morphotypes (A4) and/or green algal thallus lobes. The core species of the lichen guilds produce innumerable symbiotic propagules, most of which will never develop into mature thalli of that lichen species. Germinating spores of fringe species (A1–A4, B1–B5) may commonly acquire their photobionts from small free-living populations that originate from disintegrating symbiotic propagules of the core species. At the latest when the thallus of a fringe species dies and disintegrates (A1), some of the photobionts are released back to the local environment for the common benefit of all fungi of the same guild. However, without the ability to produce symbiotic propagules, the fringe species cannot effectively disperse appropriate photobionts into new habitats. Some fringe species are aggressive enough to steal photobionts from juvenile stages or weakened thalli of other lichen species (A3), or live as lichenicolous lichens (B2) on other lichens of the same guild. The juvenile stages of some green algal lichens establish loose cyanotrophic associations with free-living cyanobacteria (B5) and/or cyanolichens (B4). Some lichenicolous fungi (B3) have evolved from lichen-forming ancestors and in many cases also their host ranges still appreciate guild boundaries.
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