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Fig. 1. A in Skeletonized microfossils from the Lower-Middle Cambrian transition of the Cantabrian Mountains, northern Spain
Fig. 1. A. Pre−Hercynian outcrops of the Iberian Peninsula (stippled) and setting of the Esla Nappe in the Cantabrian Zone (grey area). B. Geologic map of the Esla nappe and stratigraphic sections sampled in this work (Cr1–4 and V1; after Truyols et al. 1990; Aramburu et al. 1992; Álvaro et al. 2000b).
Fig. 4 in Skeletonized microfossils from the Lower-Middle Cambrian transition of the Cantabrian Mountains, northern Spain
Fig. 4. Scanning electron micrographs of skeletonized microfossils from the Lower–Middle Cambrian transition of the Esla Nappe, Cantabrian Mountains, Spain. A, B. Chancelloria sp. A; chancelloriid sclerites; section Cr4, "Beleño" facies, upper member of the Láncara Formation, early Leonian. A. DGO 21129, longitudinal section. B. DGO 21130, lateral view. C–E. Chancelloria sp. B; chancelloriid sclerites; section Cr4, "Beleño" facies, upper member of the Láncara Formation, early Leonian. C. (1+6) sclerite, DGO 21131, lateral views. D. (1+5) sclerite, DGO 21132, upper view. E. Incomplete (1+7) sclerite, DGO 21133, upper view. F. Parazhijnites cf. guizhouensis Qian and Yin, 1984; cambroclavid sclerite; section Cr4, "Beleño" facies, upper member of the Láncara Formation, early Leonian; DGO 21134, oblique (F1) and lateral (F2) views. G–J. Torellella sp.; hyolithelminth tubes; section Cr4, ooid/bioclastic limestone, lower member of the Láncara Formation, latest Early Cambrian. G. DGO 21135, lateral view. H. 21136, lateral view. I. DGO 21137, lateral view showing elliptic perforation (I1) and detail of the faint growth lines (squared area on I1; tilt adjust). J. DGO 21138, lateral (J1) and distal (J2) views. K. Phosphatic undefined tube; section Cr4, ooid/bioclastic limestone, lower member of the Láncara Formation, latest Early Cambrian; DGO 21139, lateral view (K1) and detail of broken termination (K2). Scale bars 250 µm, except I2 and K2 for which are 50 µm.
Fig. 7 in Skeletonized microfossils from the Lower-Middle Cambrian transition of the Cantabrian Mountains, northern Spain
Fig. 7. Thin sections on backscattered SEM of Cantabria labyrinthica gen. et sp. nov. (apatite is white and secondary silica is grey), enigmatic fossil, possible external sclerite of lobopodian affinity from the "Beleño" facies (section Cr4), upper member of the Láncara Formation, early Leonian. A, B, D. Cross−sections with chaotic meshwork microstructure of the sclerites (DGO 21152, DGO 21153, and DGO 21156 respectively) with tubes centripetally increasing in size; note their whole perforated pattern of outer wall. C, E. Transverse sections close to the basal (C, DGO 21154) and the upper side (E, DGO 21155) with subcircular to irregular sections of individual tubes. Overall view (E1) and enlargements (E2, E3) showing the tube walls built of two distinct apatitic layers; see a synapticule−like tube (arrowed) connecting two transverse tubes (E3). Scale bars 250 µm. +
Fig. 2 in Skeletonized microfossils from the Lower-Middle Cambrian transition of the Cantabrian Mountains, northern Spain
Fig. 2. Stratigraphic units of the Lower–Middle Cambrian boundary interval in the Esla nappe, and setting of the fossils described in the text.
Marine microfossil data guidelines survey results
<p>Results from a community survey among marine micropalaeontologists to develop guidelines to improve the reusability of marine microfossil assemblage datasets. This record contains a pdf of the survey questions (<a href="../api/records/12722701/draft/files/MiPaDataGuidelines_Google_Forms.pdf/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">MiPaDataGuidelines_Google_Forms.pdf</a>); anonymised survey responses (<a href="../api/records/12722701/draft/files/MiPaSurveyResponses.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">MiPaSurveyResponses.csv</a>) and an overview of how the results were grouped (<a href="../api/records/12722701/draft/files/QuestionGrouping.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">QuestionGrouping.csv</a>). In addition, <a href="../api/records/12722701/draft/files/StatusLegacyData.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">StatusLegacyData.csv</a> presents the results of a first order analysis of how well datasets stored at PANGAEA.de conform to the guidelines derived from the survey response.</p> <p>This record forms the basis of a manuscript in prep titled "Community guidelines to increase the reusability of marine microfossil assemblage data" that will be submitted to the <a href="https://www.journal-of-micropalaeontology.net/home.html">Journal of Micropalaeontology</a>. A full description of the survey methods is provided there. Code used to analyse the results is provided in the associated script.</p>
Data from: Diversity dynamics of microfossils from the Cretaceous to the Neogene show mixed responses to events
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Data from: First record of organic-walled microfossils from the Tonian Shiwangzhuang Formation of the Tumen Group in western Shandong, North China
<p>Organic-walled microfossils offer an important window onto the biospheric evolution in pre-Cryogenian and provide biostratigraphic implications for many Proterozoic fossiliferous sequences which are poorly age constrained for the lack of reliable radiometric date. Recently, macroscopic carbonaceous compression fossils have been reported for the first time from the Tonian Shiwangzhuang Formation of the Tumen Group in western Shandong, North China. However, organic-walled microfossils have never been discovered in the Shiwangzhuang Formation before. To improve our knowledge about Proterozoic biodiversity in North China, we conducted a micropaleontological survey on the argillaceous limestone samples of the Shiwangzhuang Formation, which also contain macroscopic carbonaceous compression fossils, from the Baishicun section in Anqiu, Western Shandong, North China. Our investigation shows that the Shiwangzhuang microfossil assemblage is dominated by smooth-walled sphaeromorphic acritarchs and cyanobacterium-like filaments and relatively low abundance of other acritarchs, including 15 taxa, such as <i>Polysphaeroides filliformis</i>, <i>Ostiana</i> <i>microcystis</i>, <i>Simia annulare</i>, ?<i>Jacutianema </i>sp., <i>Pellicularia tenera</i>, <i>Polythrichoides lineatus</i>, and <i>Navifusa actinomorpha</i>. The Shiwangzhuang organic-walled microfossil assemblage, although consisting of long-ranging taxa and without age diagnostic taxa, is not contradictary with a Tonian age suggested by macroscopic carbonaceous compression fossils,<i> </i>including the <i>Chuaria</i>-<i>Tawuia </i>and <i>Sinosabellidites</i>-<i>Protoarenicola</i>-<i>Pararenicola </i>assemblages, revealed from the same horizon of the Shiwangzhuang Formation and organic-walled microfossil assemblage, including the late Mesoproterozoic to Tonian index fossils <i>Trachyhystrichosphaera aimika</i>, from the underlying Tongjiazhuang Formation. However, it is also worth noting that a Cryogenian or Ediacaran age cannot be completely excluded based just on the microfossils because of their limited biostratigraphic utility.</p>
History of the Giraffe Pipe locality inferred from microfossil remains: A thriving freshwater ecosystem near the Arctic Circle during the warm Eocene
<p>How will freshwater lakes in the Arctic respond to climate change, especially if polar amplification results in even greater warming at these northern latitudes? Deep-time analogs offer opportunities to understand the potential impacts of future climate warming on Arctic environments. The Giraffe Pipe fossil locality located in the Northwest Territories of Canada offers a window into the life of a thriving Arctic freshwater ecosystem in the Eocene under greenhouse conditions. The remains of an extensive deposit of microfossils, including photosynthetic protists (chrysophytes, diatoms and green algae), heterotrophic protists (euglyphids, heliozoans, paraphysomonads, and rotosphaerids), and sponges, were used to reconstruct the history of the ancient water body. The concentrations and diversity of chrysophyte taxa were extensive throughout the core, accounting for over 70 % of the microfossil remains. The ratio of chrysophyte cysts to diatom valves, with a mean value near 14 throughout the core, further emphasized the dominance of the chrysophytes, and given the high diversity of taxa the locality represents a "paleo-hotspot" for this eukaryote lineage. Based on the totality of fossil evidence, the waterbody within the Giraffe Pipe crater represented a series of relatively shallow aquatic habitats, with changing physical and chemical conditions and varying water depths. Five major zones were identified, each found to be stable for an extended period of time, but with distinct transitions between successive zones signaling significant shifts in environmental conditions. The study provides valuable insight into how Arctic freshwater ecosystems responded to past warm climates, and to the organisms that could potentially thrive in these environments under future warming scenarios.</p>
Datasets from "A new method for the detection of siliceous microfossils on sediment microscope slides using convolutional neural networks". JGR Biogeosciences.
<p>This repository contains the datasets linked to "A new method for the detection of siliceous microfossils on sediment microscope slides using convolutional neural networks" (Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JG008047">https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JG008047</a>). This includes:</p> <ul> <li>The images and annotation* text files (in YOLO format) used for the detection of siliceous microfossils. </li> <li>The models and training results for the trainings presented in the main text and supporting information.</li> </ul> <p>*Note that while annotations were attributed to 14 general categories, only twelve of these were used during training (<em>i.e. </em>Pennate, Centric, Silicoflagellate, Centric_debris, Spore, Other_Biomin, Cocco, Silicoflagellate_debris, Undetermined_silica, Chateoceros_Bacteriastrum, Calcispheres, Foraminifer), and all were pooled into a single "Microfossil" category for the purpose of the training.</p>
"Microfossil evidence for trophic changes during the Eocene–Oligocene transition in the South Atlantic (ODP Site 1263, Walvis Ridge)" - calcareous nannofossil census data
<p>This is a data supplement (<strong>Dataset A</strong>) to the paper "Microfossil evidence for trophic changes during the Eocene–Oligocene transition in the South Atlantic (ODP Site 1263, Walvis Ridge)" by Bordiga et al., 2015a (https://doi:10.5194/cp-11-1249-2015). Note that data are tabulated against depth in core (meters composite depth, mcd). Please refer to <strong>Table 1</strong> in Bordiga et al. (2015) for age-depth model.</p> <p><strong>Dataset A</strong>. Calcareous nannofossil census data (ODP Site 1263)</p> <p>One file (ODP 1263 dataset A_Bordiga et al. 2015.xls) containing:<br> Sample information; Raw counts, relative (%) and absolute abundances (N/ g) of all species and size-based groups detected (as illustrated in Figure S2 of the original publication).</p>
Data from: First record of organic-walled microfossils from the Tonian Shiwangzhuang Formation of the Tumen Group in western Shandong, North China
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Diversity of organic-walled microfossils in the phosphates of the ca. 1 Ga Diabaig Formation, Torridon Group, NW Scotland
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History of the Giraffe Pipe locality inferred from microfossil remains: A thriving freshwater ecosystem near the Arctic Circle during the warm Eocene
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Data from: Sustained shift in the morphology of organic-walled microfossils over the Ediacaran-Cambrian transition
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Data from: Pacman profiling: a simple procedure to identify stratigraphic outliers in high-density deep-sea microfossil data
The deep-sea microfossil record is characterized by an extraordinarily high density and abundance of fossil specimens, and by a very high degree of spatial and temporal continuity of sedimentation. This record provides a unique opportunity to study evolution at the species level for entire clades of organisms. Compilations of deep-sea microfossil species occurrences are, however, affected by reworking of material, age model errors, and taxonomic uncertainties, all of which combine to displace a small fraction of the recorded occurrence data both forward and backwards in time, extending total stratigraphic ranges for taxa. These data outliers introduce substantial errors into both biostratigraphic and evolutionary analyses of species occurrences over time. We propose a simple method—Pacman—to identify and remove outliers from such data, and to identify problematic samples or sections from which the outlier data have derived. The method consists of, for a large group of species, compiling species occurrences by time and marking as outliers calibrated fractions of the youngest and oldest occurrence data for each species. A subset of biostratigraphic marker species whose ranges have been previously documented is used to calibrate the fraction of occurrences to mark as outliers. These outlier occurrences are compiled for samples, and profiles of outlier frequency are made from the sections used to compile the data; the profiles can then identify samples and sections with problematic data caused, for example, by taxonomic errors, incorrect age models, or reworking of sediment. These samples/sections can then be targeted for re-study.
Data from: Affinity, life cycle, and intracellular complexity of organic-walled 2 microfossils from the Mesoproterozoic of Shanxi, China
Light microscope and scanning electron microscope observations on new material of unicellular microfossils Dictyosphaera macroreticulata and Shuiyousphaeridium macroreticulatum, from the Mesoproterozoic Ruyang Group in China, provide insights into the microorganisms' biological affinity, life cycle and cellular complexity. Gigantosphaeridium fibratum n. gen. et sp., is described and is one of the largest Mesoproterozoic microfossils recorded. Phenotypic characters of vesicle ornamentation and excystment structures, properties of resistance and cell wall structure in Dictyosphaera and Shuiyousphaeridium are all diagnostic of microalgal cysts. The wide size ranges of the various morphotypes indicate growth phases compatible with the development of reproductive cysts. Conspecific biologically, each morphotype represents an asexual (resting cyst) or sexual (zygotic cyst) stage in the life cycle, respectively. We reconstruct this hypothetical life cycle and infer that the organism demonstrates a reproductive strategy of alternation of heteromorphic generations. Similarly in Gigantosphaeridium, a metabolically expensive vesicle with processes suggests its protective role as a zygotic cyst. In combination with all these characters and from the resemblance to extant green algae, we propose the placement of these ancient microorganisms in the stem group of Chloroplastida (Viridiplantae). A cell wall composed of primary and secondary layers in Dictyosphaera and Shuiyouisphaeridium required a high cellular complexity for their synthesis and the presence of an endomembrane system and the Golgi apparatus. The plastid was also present, accepting the organism was photosynthetic. The biota reveals a high degree of morphological and cell structural complexity, and provides an insight into ongoing eukaryotic evolution and the development of complex life cycles with sexual reproduction by 1200 Ma.
Data from: Isotaphonomy in concept and practice: an exploration of vertebrate microfossil bonebeds in the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) Judith River Formation, north-central Montana
Vertebrate microfossil bonebeds (VMBs)—localized concentrations of small resilient vertebrate hard parts—are commonly studied to recover otherwise rarely found small-bodied taxa, and to document relative taxonomic abundance and species richness in ancient vertebrate communities. Analyses of taphonomic comparability among VMBs have often found significant differences in size and shape distributions, and thus considered them to be non-isotaphonomic. Such outcomes of "strict" statistical tests of isotaphonomy suggest discouraging limits on the potential for broad, comparative paleoecological reconstruction using VMBs. Yet it is not surprising that sensitive statistical tests highlight variations among VMB sites, especially given the general lack of clarity with regard to the definition of "strict" isotaphonomic comparability. We rigorously sampled and compared six VMB localities representing two distinct paleoenvironments (channel and pond/lake) of the Upper Cretaceous Judith River Formation to evaluate biases related to sampling strategies and depositional context. Few defining distinctions in bioclast size and shape are evident in surface collections, and most site-to-site comparisons of sieved collections are indistinguishable (p≤0.003). These results provide a strong case for taphonomic equivalence among the majority of Judith River VMBs, and bode well for future studies of paleoecology, particularly in relation to investigations of faunal membership and community structure in Late Cretaceous wetland ecosystems. The taphonomic comparability of pond/lake and channel-hosted VMBs in the Judith River Formation is also consistent with a formative model that contends that channel-hosted VMBs were reworked from pre-existing pond/lake assemblages, and thus share taphonomic history.
Microfossil ice core dataset from ACT11d ice core in Southern Greenland
<p>Microfossil dataset associated with the manuscript "<strong>Pollen in polar ice implies eastern Canadian forest dynamics diverged from climate after European settlement" by Brugger et al.</strong></p>
Data from: Organic-walled microfossils from the Kistedalen Formation, Norway: acritarch chronostratigraphy of the Baltic Miaolingian and evolutionary trends of placoid acritarchs
<p>New acritarch data from the Kistedalen Formation based on two sections with continuous exposure allow to establish the most detailed Miaolingian acritarch biozonation in Baltica to date. Six interval zones previously established in Gondwana, the <em>Eliasum llaniscum, Cristallinium cambriense, Adara alea, Timofeevia lancarae, Cristallinium dubium</em> and <em>Vulcanisphaera turbata</em> zones, are identified, and their correlations within the Acado-Baltic Province examined. The diagnoses of <em>Retisphaeridium, Cristallinium, Retisphaeridium dichamerum, Retisphaeridium lechistanium, Cristallinium dubium</em> and <em>Cristallinium cambriense </em>are emended and the new species <em>Retisphaeridium rugulatum</em> sp. nov. and <em>Retisphaeridium minimum</em> sp. nov. are described. The diagnosis of R<em>etisphaeridium ovillense </em>(Cramer & Díez) Vanguestaine is emended and the species assigned to <em>Dictyotidium ovillense</em> comb. nov. The main evolutionary changes of the placoid acritarchs during the Miaolingian are analysed. Comparison with previous acritarch data from the Kistedalen Formation suggest that different extraction methodologies may result in significant bias in the recovered fossil record.</p>
Data from: Pacman profiling: a simple procedure to identify stratigraphic outliers in high-density deep-sea microfossil data
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.