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87 results for “plant species composition”
Data from: Contrasting effects of host identity, plant community, and local species pool on the composition and colonisation levels of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community in a temperate grassland
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are important plant symbionts, but we know little about the effects of plant taxonomic identity or functional group on the AMF community composition. To examine effects of the surrounding plant community, of host, and of the AMF pool on the AMF community in plant roots, we manipulated plant community composition in a long-term field experiment. Within four types of manipulated grassland plots, seedlings of eight grassland plant species were planted for 12 weeks, and AMF in their roots were quantified. Additionally, we characterised the AMF community of individual plots (as their AMF pool) and quantified plot abiotic conditions. The largest determinant of AMF community composition was the pool of available AMF, varying at metre scale due to changing soil conditions. The second strongest predictor was the host functional group. The differences between grasses and dicotyledonous forbs in AMF community variation and diversity were much larger than the differences among species within those groups. High cover of forbs in the surrounding plant community had a strong positive effect on AMF colonisation intensity in grass hosts. Using a manipulative field experiment enabled us to demonstrate direct causal effects of plant host and surrounding vegetation.
Supplementary material 1 from: Huang J, Guo Z, Tang S, Ren W, Chu G, Wang L, Zhao L, Yu R, Xu Y, Ding Y, Zang R (2020) Floristic composition and plant diversity in distribution areas of native species congeneric with Betula halophila in Xinjiang, northwest China. Nature Conservation 42: 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.42.54735
Figure S1. The correlation between environmental variables in distribution areas of five congeneric species with Betula halophila
Direct and legacy-mediated drought effects on plant performance are species-specific and depend on soil community composition
Droughts affect plant communities, but their impacts may be mediated by soil biota. Soil communities may ameliorate drought stress, and droughts may leave legacies of altered soil communities that may affect future plant growth. However, it is not yet understood which groups of soil biota in particular affect plant performance under drought, nor which groups contribute to drought-legacy effects on future plant growth. We hypothesized that increasing soil-community complexity ameliorates drought stress and that drought-legacy effects are species-specific and soil-community-dependent. To test these hypotheses, we performed a two-phase experiment with six grassland species. In the first phase, we examined plant performance under drought and ambient conditions, in soils inoculated with a sterilized inoculum, or increasingly complex soil communities created by wet-sieving through 20-, 40-, and 200-µm mesh sieves. In the second phase, we examined drought-legacy effects on conspecific plant performance. We separately analysed plant performance in both phases, and integrated data from both phases using structural equation models. Drought effects on first-phase root biomass depended on soil inoculum, and this interaction differed among plant species, while effects on shoot biomass differed among species, but did not depend on inoculum. Only one species experienced drought-stress-ameliorating effects of soil biota. Drought-legacy effects on plant performance were positive, but depended on soil inoculum in case of root biomass, and on soil inoculum and species identity in case of shoot biomass. Drought-legacy effects were often mediated by first-phase biomass. In some species this effect was independent of inoculum, suggesting an abiotic legacy effect. In others, low first-phase biomass corresponded with high second-phase performance in presence of the most complex soil community. We conclude that drought-legacy effects on plant performance were soil-community-dependent but positive, suggesting that plants establishing after drought may benefit from increased nutrient availability and more positive impacts of soil biota.
Figure 2 in Multi-scale patterns in the host specificity of plant-dwelling arthropods: the influence of host plant and temporal variation on species richness and assemblage composition of true bugs (Hemiptera)
Figure 2. Non-metric multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) ordination showing hemipteran composition for all sampling periods with selected plant species superimposed.
Figure 5 in Multi-scale patterns in the host specificity of plant-dwelling arthropods: the influence of host plant and temporal variation on species richness and assemblage composition of true bugs (Hemiptera)
Figure 5. Annual cyclic pattern of the proportion of the effectively specialized fauna (squares) and singleton species (circles) for the total number of hemipteran species from each sampling period.
Figure 3 in Multi-scale patterns in the host specificity of plant-dwelling arthropods: the influence of host plant and temporal variation on species richness and assemblage composition of true bugs (Hemiptera)
Figure 3. Mean number of individuals (from SIMPER analysis) of dominant hemipteran species, during each sampling period, for most plant species.
Figure 1 in Multi-scale patterns in the host specificity of plant-dwelling arthropods: the influence of host plant and temporal variation on species richness and assemblage composition of true bugs (Hemiptera)
Figure 1. Interactions between plant species sampled and sampling period for (A) abundance (number of individuals) per plant and (B) species richness per plant (standard error bars are shown).
Figure 6 in Multi-scale patterns in the host specificity of plant-dwelling arthropods: the influence of host plant and temporal variation on species richness and assemblage composition of true bugs (Hemiptera)
Figure 6. Relationship between the effectively specialized fauna (squares) and singleton species (circles) for the number of hemipteran species from each sampling period and for the entire collection. An exponential decay equation is fitted for effectively specialized fauna, y = 2.973∗ exp (−0.00575∗ x) + (−1.478), R2 = 0.7598, and for singleton species, y = 22.53∗exp (−0.08466∗x) + 0.2614, R2 = 0.9873.
Fig. 4 in Cuticular wax composition contributes to different strategies of foliar water uptake in six plant species from foggy rupestrian grassland in tropical mountains
Fig. 4. Chain-length distribution of the very-long-chain (VLC) aliphatic compounds of leaf cuticular waxes of each of the six plant species with two different strategies of foliar water uptake. Data are shown as mean ± SD (n = 3). Bars stand for the contribution of a single chain-length to the total of VLC aliphatic wax load. Dark and grey bars represent plants with fast and slow FWU strategies, respectively. ACL: average-chain-length of the aliphatic wax fraction.
Fig. 5 in Cuticular wax composition contributes to different strategies of foliar water uptake in six plant species from foggy rupestrian grassland in tropical mountains
Fig. 5. NMDS plot of leaf cuticular wax composition of each of the six plant species and (A) leaf water uptake speed (parameter k) and (B) maximum leaf water absorption (parameter Cmax).
Fig. 3 in Cuticular wax composition contributes to different strategies of foliar water uptake in six plant species from foggy rupestrian grassland in tropical mountains
Fig. 3. Gas chromatographic analysis of cuticular waxes of the six plant species with two different strategies of foliar water uptake (FWU). Data are shown as mean ± SD (n = 3). Different letters indicate significant differences among plant species (P ≤ 0.05, One-Way ANOVA). Note that the x-axis scale is modified after the break.
Fig. 2 in Cuticular wax composition contributes to different strategies of foliar water uptake in six plant species from foggy rupestrian grassland in tropical mountains
Fig. 2. Leaf surfaces of the three plant species with fast foliar water uptake strategy under scanning electron microscopy. (A–C) Leandra australis (B) adaxial and (C) abaxial surfaces. (D–F) Byrsonima variabilis (E) adaxial and (F) abaxial surfaces. (G–I) Ocotea pulchella (H) adaxial and (I) abaxial surfaces. St: stomata; T: trichomes. Bars = 10 μm.
Fig. 1 in Cuticular wax composition contributes to different strategies of foliar water uptake in six plant species from foggy rupestrian grassland in tropical mountains
Fig. 1. Leaf surfaces of the three plant species with slow foliar water uptake strategy under scanning electron microscopy. (A–C) Pleroma heteromallum (B) adaxial and (C) abaxial surfaces. (D–F) Trembleya laniflora (E) adaxial and (F) abaxial surfaces. (G–I) Senna reniformis (H) adaxial and (I) abaxial surfaces. Em: emergence; St: stomata; T: trichomes; GT: glandular trichomes. Bars = 10 μm.
Conifer forest plant species composition across nine years following a high severity fire
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Data from: Contrasting effects of host identity, plant community, and local species pool on the composition and colonisation levels of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community in a temperate grassland
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Data from: Plasticity in plant functional traits is shaped by variability in neighbourhood species composition
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Data from: Plant community composition and species richness in the High Arctic tundra: from the present to the future
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Data from: Diverse temperate forest bird assemblages demonstrate closer correspondence to plant species composition than vegetation structure
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Direct and legacy-mediated drought effects on plant performance are species-specific and depend on soil community composition
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Gardener demographics, experience, and motivations drive differences in plant species richness and composition in urban gardens
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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