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opencc-zeroMar 2024View details →

Neglected patterns of variation in transgenerational plasticity: The importance of different sources of environmental variation differs across ages and sexes in a cyprinid fish

Adaptive transgenerational plasticity (TGP) requires individuals to integrate environmental experience across multiple sources. However, few empirical studies have considered that the relative relevance of certain sources might vary across ontogeny and sexes. Here, we address this knowledge gap by studying inducible antipredator defenses, one of the most convincing examples of TGP. We assessed individual and combined effects of perceived high predation risk in mothers, fathers, caring males and personal environments on the morphology of juvenile, adult male and adult female cyprinids Pimephales promelas. Parental rather than personal environmental experience determined morphological defense expression across ages and sexes, likely because parents had a longer sampling period. In juveniles and adult males, egg-mediated environmental experience outweighed sperm-mediated environmental experience in the induction of body shape differences, likely because eggs can transmit information beyond epigenomes. However, in adult females, where body shape responses can be interpreted as life-history plasticity, information from egg and sperm were equally important, likely resulting from different integration mechanisms between morphological and life-history plasticity. The importance of care-mediated relative to gamete-mediated variation changed between juveniles and adult males, likely because they represent short- and long-term environmental experience, respectively. Instead, in adult females, both sources were again equally important, potentially owing to lag-times of life-history plasticity. Parental care intensity only contributed marginally to defense formation. These results highlight age- and sex-specific prioritization of different environmental experiences so as to generate optimal phenotypes.

F I G U R E 2 Fitted logistic curves with 95 in Circadian and seasonal flight activity differences between the sexes of the biocontrol agent Eadya daenerys (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and the impact of host size on adult emergence

F I G U R E 2 Fitted logistic curves with 95% confidence intervals for the effect of Paropsisterna agricola beetle prepupal weight (mg) for three post-beetle prepupal outcomes (dead beetle prepupa, beetle or E. daenerys wasp).

F I G U R E 3 in Circadian and seasonal flight activity differences between the sexes of the biocontrol agent Eadya daenerys (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and the impact of host size on adult emergence

F I G U R E 3 Host beetle prepupal weight (mg) (using both Paropsisterna agricola <80 mg and Paropsis charybdis>80 mg) and the head capsule width (mm) of laboratory-reared Eadya daenerys across both host species (n = 96).

F I G U R E 1 in Circadian and seasonal flight activity differences between the sexes of the biocontrol agent Eadya daenerys (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and the impact of host size on adult emergence

F I G U R E 1 Weekly adult total malaise trap counts for three paropsine leaf beetle hosts of E. daenerys at Runnymede for the 2015/2016 season.

F I G U R E 4 in Circadian and seasonal flight activity differences between the sexes of the biocontrol agent Eadya daenerys (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and the impact of host size on adult emergence

F I G U R E 4 Head capsule width (mm) of adult Eadya daenerys (left) reared in the laboratory on Paropsisterna agricola (n = 179) or (right) collected in the field (n = 253).

opencc-zeroApr 2024View details →

Data from: Variation in nuptial colour in relation to sex, individual quality and mating success in the sex-role reversed red phalarope (Phalaropus fulicarius)

In most bird species, males are more ornamented and compete for females, who contribute more to offspring care. In a minority of species this pattern is reversed, with more colourful females competing for mates and males taking care of parental duties. In such sex-role reversed species, the links between colourful ornamentation, individual quality and mating success are not well established. The red phalarope (Phalaropus fulicarius) is a colourful sex-role reversed migratory shorebird with regular social polyandry, in which both sexes show considerable colour variation. Here, we describe sex differences in colour and quantify associations between colour variation and indicators of quality and mating success in both sexes. Using a large sample of photos collected across three consecutive years on the Arctic breeding grounds, we scored colour variation for four body parts (bill, crown, cheek and breast), and analysed scores separately and combined into an overall colour score. Females were more colourful and larger than males, and individuals could be unambiguously sexed by crown colour. Nevertheless, there was substantial variation within sexes and some overlap between males and females in bill, cheek, breast, and overall colour scores. Assortative mating by colour was only found for the bill. Colour variation did not correlate with plasma testosterone levels, except for male cheek colour. Females in better body condition had yellower bills and higher overall colour scores, while early-arriving birds had higher breast and overall scores. Phalaropes that bred locally were heavier than those that did not, but they did not have higher colour scores. Female colour variation did not predict the probability of local social polyandry nor variation in clutch size, and male coloration did not predict the probability of nest predation. In conclusion, phalarope colour variation showed modest correlations with individual quality and was unrelated to variation in local reproductive success.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2023View details →

Dataset from Castel et al. 'Genetic sex determination in three closely related hydrothermal vent gastropods, including one species with intersex individuals'

This is the dataset used in "Genetic sex determination in three closely related hydrothermal vent gastropods, including one species with intersex individuals" Castel J, Pradillon F, Cueff V, Leger G, Daguin-Thiébaut C, Ruault S, Mary J, Hourdez S, Jollivet D, and Broquet T

opencc-zeroApr 2024View details →

Data and code for: A supergene controlling social structure in Alpine ants also affects the dispersal ability and fecundity of each sex

Social organisation, dispersal and fecundity co-evolve, but whether they are genetically linked remains little known. Supergenes are prime candidates for coupling adaptive traits and mediating sex-specific trade-offs. Here, we test whether a supergene that controls social structure in Formica selysi also influences dispersal-related traits and fecundity within each sex. In this ant species, single-queen colonies contain only the ancestral supergene haplotype M and produce MM queens and M males, while multi-queen colonies contain the derived haplotype P and produce MP queens, PP queens, and P males. By combining multiple experiments, we show that the M haplotype induces phenotypes with higher dispersal potential and higher fecundity, for both sexes. Specifically, MM queens, MP queens, and M males are more aerodynamic and more fecund than PP queens and P males, respectively. Differences between MP and PP queens from the same colonies reveal a direct genetic effect of the supergene on dispersal-related traits and fecundity. The derived haplotype P, associated with multi-queen colonies, produces queens and males with reduced dispersal abilities and lower fecundity. More broadly, similarities between the Formica and Solenopsis systems reveal that supergenes play a major role in linking behavioural, morphological, and physiological traits associated with intraspecific social polymorphisms.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2017View details →

Figure 2 in Sexual size dimorphism and sex determination by external measurements in the Redshank Tringa totanus

Figure 2. Distribution of the discriminant score D calculated for males and females sexed molecularly. Gray and white bars are for correct and incorrect classifications. Dashed lines show D border values of –0.96 and 1.17, which allowed for 95% of correct classifications of males and females.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2017View details →

Figure 1 in Sexual size dimorphism and sex determination by external measurements in the Redshank Tringa totanus

Figure 1. Wing length distribution of male (black bars) and female (gray bars) Redshanks caught in southern Belarus.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2024View details →

Sex-specific trunk movement coordination in participants with low-back pain and asymptomatic controls

This is the data set and the code used for our publication.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2021View details →

Summary statistics from "Sex-Specific Causal Relations between Steroid Hormones and Obesity—A Mendelian Randomization Study"

GWAMA summary statistics of four steroid hormone levels and one steroid hormone ratio using fixed-effect model. When using this data, please cite: Pott J, Horn K, Zeidler R, et al.. Sex-Specific Causal Relations between Steroid Hormones and Obesity - A Mendelian Randomization Study. Metabolites 2021, 11, 738. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11110738 All txt files contain the following columns: <ul> <li>markername</li> <li>chr</li> <li>bp_hg19 (base position according to hg19)</li> <li>ea (effect allele)</li> <li>oa (other allele)</li> <li>eaf (effect allele frequency)</li> <li>info (minimal info score across all used studies)</li> <li>nSamples (sample size per SNP)</li> <li>nStudies (number of studies)</li> <li>beta (effect estimate)</li> <li>se (standard error)</li> <li>p (p-value)</li> <li>I2 (SNP heterogeneity across studies)</li> <li>phenotype (phenotyp setting)</li> </ul>

opencc-zeroNov 2021View details →

Sex differences in behavioural and anatomical estimates of visual acuity in the green swordtail Xiphophorus helleri

Among fishes in the family Poeciliidae, signals such as colour patterns, ornaments, and courtship displays play important roles in mate choice and male-male competition. Despite this, visual capabilities in Poeciliids are understudied, in particular visual acuity, the ability to resolve detail. We used three methods to quantify visual acuity in male and female green swordtails (Xiphophorus helleri), a species in which body size and the length of the male's extended caudal fin ('sword') serve as assessment signals during mate choice and agonistic encounters. Topographic distribution of retinal ganglion cells (RGC) was similar in all individuals and characterized by areas of high cell densities located centro-temporally and nasally, as well as a weak horizontal streak. Based on the peak density of RGC in the centro-temporal area, anatomical acuity was estimated to be approximately 3 cycles/degree (cpd) in both sexes. However, a behavioural optomotor assay found significantly lower mean acuity in males (0.8 cpd) than females (3.0 cpd), which was not explained by differences in eye size between males and females. An additional behavioural assay, in which we trained individuals to discriminate striped gratings from grey stimuli of the same mean luminance, also showed lower acuity in males (1-2 cpd) than females (2-3 cpd). Thus, although retinal anatomy predicts identical acuity in males and females, two behavioural assays found higher acuity in females than males, a sexual dimorphism which is rare outside of invertebrates. Overall, our results have implications for understanding how Poeciliids perceive visual signals during mate choice and agonistic encounters.

opencc-zeroNov 2021View details →

Sex roles in birds: influence of climate, life histories and social environment

For detailed information concerning data collection please see Gonzalez-Voyer et al. Sex roles in birds: phylogenetic analyses of the influence of climate, life histories and social environment. Ecology Letters. Briefly, data on ecology, life histories and behaviour of birds were extracted from published literature. If several data were available for a given species, we included the ones that were extracted from breeding individuals or had larger sample sizes. The details regarding data processing are provided in the Supplementary Material of Gonzalez-Voyer et al. (accepted).

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2011View details →

Fig. 5 in Seasonal changes in the gonadossomatic index, allometric condition factor and sex ratio of an auchenipterid catfish from eastern Amazonia

Fig. 5. Bimonthly variation in the raw data (a,c) and mean values (b, d) for the condition factor (K) in juvenile (a, b) and adult (c, d) male of the Auchenipterichthys longimanus collected from July 2008 to July 2009 in the Caxiuanã National Forest.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2011View details →

Fig. 1 in Seasonal changes in the gonadossomatic index, allometric condition factor and sex ratio of an auchenipterid catfish from eastern Amazonia

Fig. 1. Sampling area in the National Forest of Caxiuanã, Pará State, showing the rivers where the fish were collected. Curuá River - Ferreira Penna Research Station (ECFPn), Caxiuanã River; Puraquequara River and Caquajó River. Some black spots represent more than one collection site.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2011View details →

Fig. 4 in Seasonal changes in the gonadossomatic index, allometric condition factor and sex ratio of an auchenipterid catfish from eastern Amazonia

Fig. 4. Bimonthly variation in the raw data (a,c) and mean values (b, d) of the gonadosomatic index (GSI) for female (a, b) and male (c, d) of the catfish Auchenipterichthys longimanus collected from July 2008 to July 2009 in the Caxiuanã National Forest.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2021View details →

Dataset for "Evaluation of Publicly Available Information on Sex-related Differences in the Efficacy and Safety of New Molecular Entities and Therapeutic Biological Products"

Contains our extraction sheets with additional documents/notes on methods used in our study.

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2022View details →

Sperm quality parameters and sex steroid concentrations in male and female meagre (Argyrosomus regius) held under constant or cycling temperatures

The dataset contains excel files with sperm quality parameters measured with Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis (CASA), plasma sex steroids (testosterone, 11-ketotestosterone, estradiol and 17a,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one) measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), oocyte diameters and egg fecundity and % fertilisation data in the meagre Argyrosomus regius held under either attenuated seasonal water temperature (16.4 to 19.6ºC) or relatively constant water temperature (19.4 ± 0.6ºC).