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171 results for “shell morphology”
Riverine flow rate drives widespread convergence in the shell morphology of imperiled freshwater mussels
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Stay in shape: assessing the adaptive potential of shell morphology and its sensitivity to temperature in the invasive New Zealand Mud Snail Potamopyrgus antipodarum through phenotypic plasticity and natural selection in Europe
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Data from: Shell constraints on evolutionary body size-limb size allometry can explain morphological conservatism in the turtle body plan
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Data from: Integrating 2D and 3D shell morphology to disentangle the palaeobiology of ammonoids: a virtual approach
Based on data derived from computed tomography, we demonstrate that integrating 2D and 3D morphological data from ammonoid shells represents an important new approach for investigating the palaeobiology of ammonoids. Characterization of ammonite morphology has long been constrained to 2D data, with only a few studies collecting ontogenetic data in 180° steps. Here we combine this traditional approach with 3D data collected from high-resolution nano-computed tomography. Ontogenetic morphological data on the hollow shell of a juvenile ammonite Kosmoceras (Jurassic, Callovian) was collected. 2D data was collected in 10° steps and show significant changes in shell morphology. Preserved hollow spines show multiple mineralized membranes never reported before, representing temporal changes in the ammonoid mantle tissue. 3D data show that chamber volumes do not always increase exponentially, as was generally assumed, but may represent a proxy for life events, such as stress phases. Furthermore, chamber volume cannot be simply derived from septal spacing in forms comparable to Kosmoceras. Vogel numbers represent a 3D parameter for chamber shape, and those for Kosmoceras are similar to other ammonoids (Arnsbergites, Amauroceras) and modern cephalopods (Nautilus, Spirula). Two methods to virtually document the suture line ontogeny, used to document phylogenetic relationships of larger taxonomic entities, were applied for the first time and present a promising alternative to hand drawings. The curvature of the chamber surfaces increases during ontogeny due to increasing strength of ornamentation and septal complexity. As this may allow for faster handling of cameral liquid, it could compensate for decreasing SA/V ratios through ontogeny.
FIGURE 12 in Morphology and biology of Polydora species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) boring into oyster shells in South America, with the description of a new species
FIGURE 12. Polydora carinhosa sp. nov. larval morphology, Paraná. A, anterior fragment of early 14-chaetiger larva from egg capsule, dorsal view, showing short caruncle with one pair of large glandular cells, and rounded nuchal ciliary patches on the posterior dorso-lateral sides of the prostomium. B–C, late 14-chaetiger larva from egg capsule, showing pigmentation pattern. B, dorsal view, showing arrangement of melanophores. C, ventral view, showing distribution of yellow pigment.
FIGURE 11 in Morphology and biology of Polydora species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) boring into oyster shells in South America, with the description of a new species
FIGURE 11. Polydora carinhosa sp. nov. larval morphology, Paraná. A, 10-chaetiger larva from egg capsule, left lateral view, showing pattern of black pigmentation. B–H, set of chaetae of 14- chaetiger 5 larva: B, C, capillary chaeta and bidentate hooded hook from neuropodium of chaetiger 7. D–H, modified chaetae of chaetiger 5; right side chaetae in ventral view: D, ventral capillary chaeta. E, dorsal superior capillary chaeta. F, provisional awl-like spine with sigmoid distal end. G, provisional heavy falcate spine with longitudinal groove. H, "quasi-adult" heavy falcate spine and bilimbate-tipped companion chaeta.
FIGURE 9 in Morphology and biology of Polydora species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) boring into oyster shells in South America, with the description of a new species
FIGURE 9. Polydora cf. haswelli adult morphology, Paraná (MZSP 179). A, B, posterior ends in left lateral view. A, a common disc-like pygidium with numerous glandular cells. B, pygidium intermediate between disc-like and scoop-shaped pygidia, with few glandular cells. Scales: A, B = 50 µm.
FIGURE 10 in Morphology and biology of Polydora species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) boring into oyster shells in South America, with the description of a new species
FIGURE 10. Polydora carinhosa sp. nov. adult morphology, Santa Catarina (MZSP 181, paratype). A, anterior end, dorsal view, showing black pigmentation on dorsal side of peristomium and anterior chaetigers. B–D, modified chaetae of chaetiger 5: B, ventral capillary. C, dorsal superior geniculate capillary. D, heavy falcate spine and bilimbate-tipped companion chaeta; right side chaetae in ventral view.
FIGURE 8 in Morphology and biology of Polydora species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) boring into oyster shells in South America, with the description of a new species
FIGURE 8. Polydora cf. haswelli adult morphology, São Paulo (MZSP 179). A, bidentate hooded hook from neuropodium of chaetiger 7. B–D, modified chaetae of chaetiger 5: B, ventral capillary. C, dorsal superior geniculate capillary. D, heavy falcate spines and bilimbate-tipped companion chaetae; right side chaetae in ventral view; older, worn chaetae on right. E, posterior end of large worm, dorsal view, showing small yellow chromatophores on segments, sensory cilia on edge of pygidium, numerous glandular cells in pygidium.
FIGURE 13 in Morphology and biology of Polydora species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) boring into oyster shells in South America, with the description of a new species
FIGURE 13. Polydora carinhosa sp. nov. life cycle diagram. A, female brooding larvae in egg capsules joined to each other in string, with each attached by two stalks to inner wall of burrow in shell. B, fragment of egg capsule string. C, 14-chaetiger larva hatched from egg capsule and ready for settlement and metamorphosis. D, juvenile in silty tube at beginning of boring into shell.
FIGURE 7. Polydora ecuadoriana life cycle diagram. A in Morphology and biology of Polydora species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) boring into oyster shells in South America, with the description of a new species
FIGURE 7. Polydora ecuadoriana life cycle diagram. A, sinuous spermatophore released by male and caught by female. B, female brooding early larvae in egg capsules joined to each other in string, with each attached by two stalks to inner wall of burrow in shell. C, fragment of egg capsule string. D, 3-chaetiger larva hatched from egg capsule and entered into the plankton. E, 16-chaetiger pelagic larva ready for settlement and metamorphosis. F, juvenile in silty tube at beginning of boring into shell, with palps lacking pigmentation.
FIGURE 6 in Morphology and biology of Polydora species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) boring into oyster shells in South America, with the description of a new species
FIGURE 6. Polydora ecuadoriana shell-boring life style Espírito Santo (MZSP 168). A, pair of feeding palps protruding out of short silty tube that extends burrow in shell, showing characteristic black bars regularly arranged along length of each palp. B, external opening of burrow in shell, with silty tube extensions removed, showing joined apertures and pair of short palps. C, shells of mangrove oyster Crassostrea rhizophorae infested by Polydora ecuadoriana, showing U-shaped burrows (bu) and small mud blisters (mb) with worms on inner side of shells. Scales: A, B, 1 mm. C, 1 cm.
FIGURE 4 in Morphology and biology of Polydora species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) boring into oyster shells in South America, with the description of a new species
FIGURE 4. Polydora ecuadoriana adult morphology, Paraná (USNM 1022185). A, anterior end, dorsal view, showing palp scars (pa), lateral organs (lo) on chaetiger 1, ciliary bands of nuchal organs (no), nototrochs (nt), and flattened branchiae (br) from chaetiger 7. B–E, posterior end in various views, showing large, scoop-shaped pygidium with wide middorsal gap, dorsal anus (an), and postanal ciliary band (cb). Scales: A–E, 100 µm.
FIGURE 2 in Morphology and biology of Polydora species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) boring into oyster shells in South America, with the description of a new species
FIGURE 2. Polydora ecuadoriana adult morphology, Paraná (USNM 1022185). A, anterior end of a 40-chaetiger juvenile, dorsal view, showing narrow black band along ciliated groove on right palp; left palp omitted. B, bidentate hooded hook from neuropodium of chaetiger 20. C, bidentate hooded hook from neuropodium of chaetiger 7. D, heavy falcate spines and bilimbate-tipped companion chaetae from notopodium of chaetiger 5; right side chaetae in ventral view; older, worn chaetae on right.
FIGURE 3 in Morphology and biology of Polydora species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) boring into oyster shells in South America, with the description of a new species
FIGURE 3. Polydora ecuadoriana adult morphology and distribution of fertile (gametogenic) chaetigers, São Paulo and Paraná. A, relationships between number of eyes and total number of chaetigers in worm, and distribution of number of eyes in population. B, relationships between pigmentation of palps and total number of chaetigers in worm; abs —absence of pigmentation on palp; line —black line along longitudinal ciliated groove on palp; 2–7 —number of black bars on palp. C, relationships between length of caruncle and total number of chaetigers in worm. D, relationships between position of the first and last fertile chaetigers and total number of chaetigers in males. E, same in females.
FIGURE 5 in Morphology and biology of Polydora species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) boring into oyster shells in South America, with the description of a new species
FIGURE 5. Polydora ecuadoriana adult morphology, Paraná (USNM 1022185). A, anterior end, left lateral view, showing narrow, downwards-curved prostomium (pr), low caruncle (ca), and peristomium (pe). B, same, ventral view, showing narrow incision on anterior edge of prostomium. C, chaetigers 2–6, left lateral view, showing lateral ciliated organs (lo) on chaetigers 2, 3 and 6; enlarged chaetiger 5 with tuft of dorsal superior capillaries (ds), two kinds of modified notochaetae (mn) arranged in horizontal double row, and tuft of ventral capillaries (vc). D, chaetigers 6–8, left lateral view, showing ventral capillaries on chaetiger 6, vertical rows of hooded hooks (hh) and external parts of secretory cells of glandular pouches (gp) on chaetigers 7 and 8. E, F, posterior ends in left lateral view, showing various pygidia. Scales: A, B, F, 100 µm. C, E, 50 µm. D, 30 µm.
FIGURE 1 in Morphology and biology of Polydora species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) boring into oyster shells in South America, with the description of a new species
FIGURE 1. Map showing reports of Polydora ecuadoriana (1 —Blake, 1983) and Polydora cf. haswelli in South America. New records of both species from Brazil are depicted by filled circles: ES —Espírito Santo, RJ —Rio de Janeiro, SP —São Paulo, PR —Paraná, SC —Santa Catarina.
Fig. 12. Morphological comparison between Quadrulella symmetrica s.s. and Q in Phylogenetic reconstruction based on COI reshuffles the taxonomy of hyalosphenid shelled (testate) amoebae and reveals the convoluted evolution of shell plate shapes
Fig. 12. Morphological comparison between Quadrulella symmetrica s.s. and Q. cf. symmetrica cells using MRA method. The shape PCA was performed using the same parameters as in Fig. 11.
FIGURE 3. Flexopecten felipponei. A. Left valve. B. Right valve. C in Description of the early shell morphology of three species of Pectinidae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) from Argentina
FIGURE 3. Flexopecten felipponei. A. Left valve. B. Right valve. C. Fold of Post-nepioconch of LV stage. D. Anterior auricle and byssal notch. E. Microsculpture of LV Nepioconch. F. Prodissoconch of RV. Scale bars: A= 1 mm; B= 1 mm; C= 200 µm; D= 400 µm; E = 80 µm; F=100 µm. All specimens from Fracasso Beach (42.39754S, 64.19199W), Chubut Province, Argentina (CNP-INV 4084).
FIGURE 2. Aequipecten tehuelchus. A. Left valve. B. Right valve. C in Description of the early shell morphology of three species of Pectinidae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) from Argentina
FIGURE 2. Aequipecten tehuelchus. A. Left valve. B. Right valve. C. Radial rib with scales of LV. D. Detail of scales. E. Anterior auricle and byssal notch of RV. F. Detail of ctenolium. G. Microsculpture of Nepioconch of LR. H. Prodissoconch. Scale bars: A= 500 µm; B= 500 µm; C= 200 µm; D= 50 µm; E= 400 µm; F=100 µm; G=100 µm; H=50 µm. All specimens from Fracasso Beach (42.39754S, 64.19199W), Chubut Province, Argentina (CNP-INV 4085).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.