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222 results for “silicate”
Siliceous and non-nutritious: nitrogen limitation increases anti-herbivore silicon defenses in a model grass
<p>Silicon (Si) accumulation alleviates a diverse array of environmental stresses in many plants, including conferring physical resistance against insect herbivores. It has been hypothesised that grasses, in particular, utilise 'low metabolic cost' Si for structural and defensive roles under nutrient limitation. While carbon (C) concentrations often negatively correlate with Si concentrations, the relationship between nitrogen (N) status and Si is more variable. Moreover, the impacts of N limitation on constitutive physical Si defences (e.g. silica and prickle cells) against herbivores are unknown. We determined how N limitation affected Si deposition in the model grass <i>Brachypodium distachyon</i> and how changes in these constitutive defences impacted insect herbivore (<i>Helicoverpa armigera</i>) growth rates. We used scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry in conjunction with X-ray mapping (XRM) to quantify physical structures on leaves and determine Si deposition patterns. We also determined how N limitation and Si supply impacted the jasmonic acid (JA) pathway, the master-regulator of induced defences against arthropod herbivores. N limitation reduced shoot growth by over 40%, but increased root mass (+21%), leaf Si concentrations (+50%) and the density of silica (+28%) and flattened prickle (+76%) cells. EDS and XRM established that Si was being deposited in these structures, together with hooked prickle cells and macro-hairs. Herbivore relative growth rates (RGR) were more than 115% lower in Si supplied plants compared to plants without Si supply and negatively correlated with leaf Si concentration and silica cell density. RGR was further reduced by N limitation and positively correlated with leaf N concentrations. Increases in JA concentrations following induction of the JA pathway were at least doubled by N limitation. Si accumulation and deposition were highly regulated by N availability, with N limitation promoting both constitutive Si physical defences and induction of the JA defensive pathway, in line with the resource availability hypothesis. These results indicate that grasses use 'low cost Si' when resources are limited and suggests that plant productivity may benefit from optimising conventional fertilisers and Si fertilisation.</p>
Dataset for the Speciation and Coordination of a Deep Earth Carbonate-Silicate-Metal Melt
<p>This upload includes speciation files for the paper The Speciation and Coordination of a Deep Earth Carbonate-Silicate-Metal Melt. </p>
Infrared spectra of pyroxenes (crystalline chain silicates) at room temperature
<p>PYROXENE SPECTRA from Bowey, J. E., Hofmeister, A., Keppel, E. 2020 MNRAS, 497, 3658<br> Infrared Spectra of Pyroxenes (Crystalline Chain Silicates) at Room Temperature<br> https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa2227</p> <p>We present quantitative room-temperature spectra of 17 Mg-, Fe-, and Ca-bearing ortho- and clinopyroxenes, and a Ca-pyroxenoid in order to discern trends indicative of crystal structure and a wide range of composition. Data are produced using a diamond anvil cell: our band strengths are up to six times higher than those measured in KBr or polyethylene dispersions, which include variations in path length (from grain size) and surface reflections that are not addressed in data processing.</p> <p>This is the README.txt file in the upload.</p> <p>Data doi is : 10.5281/zenodo.5564539</p> <p>PYROXENE SPECTRA from Bowey, J. E., Hofmeister, A., Keppel, E. 2020 MNRAS, 497, 3658<br> Infrared Spectra of Pyroxenes (Crystalline Chain Silicates) at Room Temperature<br> https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa2227</p> <p>Spectra are in Figure 4 and compositions are listed in Table 1.</p> <p>Fig 4 Left: En-Fs orthopyroxenes (orthoplot.pdf) </p> <p>En99tau.dat<br> En92tau.dat<br> En90tau.dat<br> En85tau.dat (lower resolution MID-ir spectrum)<br> En55tau.dat<br> En40tau.dat<br> En12tau.dat<br> En1tau.dat</p> <p>Pigeonite: Wo10En62tau.dat</p> <p>Right: Clinopyroxenes in the Enstatite-Diopside-Wollastonite<br> Diopside-Hedenbergite solid-solution series (enst-wol.pdf)</p> <p>En-Dp series.</p> <p>Wo21En79tau.dat<br> Wo30En70tau.dat<br> Wo40En60tau.dat</p> <p>Wollastonite: Wo99En1tau.dat</p> <p>Dp-Hd series</p> <p>Wo50En50tau.dat<br> Wo50En47tau.dat<br> Wo49En36tau.dat<br> Wo47En6tau.dat</p> <p>Pigeonite: Wo36En37tau.dat</p> <p> </p> <p>files are two column ascii. column 1 increment varies between files.</p> <p>column 1 (x) is in increasing wavenumber (cm^-1)<br> column 2 (tau) is absorbance in optical depth units per micron thickness<br> of sample.</p> <p>col1: x to wavelength (micron) conversion is 10^4/x</p> <p>col2: tau to mass absorption coefficient conversion (kappa) is tau *<br> 10^4/rho where rho is the mass density of the specimen (gcm^-3),<br> estimates are in table 1 [Note that kappa contains inherent<br> uncertainties due to the spacing between the grains sampled and<br> the effects discussed in Section 7.1]</p>
The Atomic-Level Structure of Zinc-Modified Cementitious Calcium Silicate Hydrate
<p>It has recently been demonstrated that the addition of zinc can enhance the mechanical strength of tri-calcium silicates (C<sub>3</sub>S) upon hydration, but the structure of the main hydration product of cement, calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H), in zinc-modified formulations remains unresolved. Here we combine <sup>29</sup>Si DNP enhanced solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), density functional theory (DFT) based chemical shift computations and molecular dynamics (MD) modelling to determine the atomic-level structure of zinc-modified C-S-H. The structure contains two main new silicon species (Q<sup>(1,Zn)</sup> and Q<sup>(2p,Zn)</sup>) where zinc substitutes Q<sup>(1)</sup> silicon species in dimers and bridging Q<sup>(2b)</sup> silicon sites, respectively. Structures determined as a function of zinc content show that zinc promotes an increase in the dreierketten mean chain lengths.</p> <p>The uploaded folder contains the pertinent CIF files, DFT files, raw NMR data files, raw XRD data files, and LAMMPS input files.</p>
Effects of Albedo on the MIR Emissivity Spectra of Silicates for Lunar Comparison
<p>We provide the laboratory VNIR and MIR spectra for the mineral samples included in the linked publication as well as the derived spectral feature values plotted in the figures therein. The Diviner, Kaguya, and Clementine OMAT datasets for the lunar regions and the examined regions of interest discussed are also included as MATLAB files. </p>
Output files for Carbon storage in the Earth's deep interior implied by carbonate-silicate-metal melt miscibility
<p>Density and speciation output files for Carbon storage in the Earth's deep interior implied by carbonate-silicate-metal melt miscibility.</p>
Supplementary materials to: "SilicH2O: a graphical user interface for processing silicate glass Raman spectra and quantifying H2O"
<p>The dataset contains:</p> <ul> <li>supplementary text and figures as a single pdf</li> <li>Raman and compositional data in two separate excel files</li> </ul> <p> </p>
Hydrogen Diffusion in Silicate Glasses
<p>This repository contains all data and MATLAB(c) scripts that were used to calculate diffusion profiles in the associated publication.</p>
Hydrological Turnover, discharge, net change of discharge, near stream gradients and variation of silicate concentrations - Hydrograph - two reaches of the Olewiger Bach, Germany.
<p>Measurements took place at the 'Olewiger Bach', a small low-mountain creek in Rhineland-Palatinate (Germany) at two distinct reaches with contrasting morphology from 2017 until 2022. The collected data consists of hydrological turnover data acquired by dilution gauging, discharge, net discharge changes, near stream groundwater gradients and the variation coefficient of silicate concentrations between the stream and groundwater. Hydrological turnover data regarding differences of reach sections and the resulting ratio of spatial turnover contribution of that reach is provided as well. In addition to that, hydrograph data of both reaches is provided in 6h interval, which was utilized to characterize reach drainage behavior via the calculation of the delayed flow index (DFI).</p>
Safety & Efficacy of Zirconium Silicate Dosed for 28 Days in Hyperkalemia.
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02088073. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 3. Publications: 3.
Safety & Efficacy of Zirconium Silicate in Chronic Kidney Disease or Moderate Kidney Dysfunction With Mild Hyperkalemia
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01493024. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Safety & Efficacy of Zirconium Silicate in Mild to Moderate Hyperkalemia
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01737697. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 2. Publications: 4.
Silicate Compositions Database
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Ediacaran metazoan fossils with siliceous skeletons from the Digermulen Peninsula of Arctic Norway – Supplementary Data
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Siliceous and non-nutritious: nitrogen limitation increases anti-herbivore silicon defenses in a model grass
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The effect of siliceous sponge deposition on Permian paleocommunity structure
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Geological characteristics and volcanic history of Hansteen Alpha: A silicic lunar volcanism
<p>The FeO, Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, CaO, MgO and TiO<sub>2</sub> distribution maps of the Hansteen Alpha region derived from MI data based on particle swarm optimization (PSO)-support vector machine (SVM) algorithms .</p>
The Atomic-Level Structure of Cementitious Calcium Aluminate Silicate Hydrate
<p>Experimental NMR data for: The Atomic-Level Structure of Cementitious Calcium Aluminate Silicate Hydrate</p> <p><a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.0c02988">https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.0c02988</a></p> <p> </p>
Dataset for "Ferric-iron-bearing silicates at the base of the mantle transition zone"
<p>Single crystal X-ray diffraction raw data supporting the results of the manuscript.</p><p>Powder X-ray diffraction raw data supporting the results of the manuscript.</p><p>Powder X-ray diffraction processed data supporting the results of the manuscript.</p><p>Submitted to Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth.</p>
Silicate refractory brick waste as quartz sand filler replacement in MOC-based composites: Route to environmentally sustainable construction composites
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.