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230 results for “species presence”
Text-fig. 1. Occurrence of P1 in maxillae from brown bears, data after Table 1 (presence = P1 or alveoli observed, absence = no P1 developed, broken = rostral part of maxilla broken). in Anterior Premolar Variability In Pleistocene Cave And Brown Bears And Its Significance In Species Determination
Text-fig. 1. Occurrence of P1 in maxillae from brown bears, data after Table 1 (presence = P1 or alveoli observed, absence = no P1 developed, broken = rostral part of maxilla broken).
Text-fig. 3. Occurrence of P1 in maxillae from Deninger bears and cave bears, data after Table 1 (presence = P1 or alveoli observed, absence = no P1 developed, broken = rostral part of maxilla broken). in Anterior Premolar Variability In Pleistocene Cave And Brown Bears And Its Significance In Species Determination
Text-fig. 3. Occurrence of P1 in maxillae from Deninger bears and cave bears, data after Table 1 (presence = P1 or alveoli observed, absence = no P1 developed, broken = rostral part of maxilla broken).
Text-fig. 7. Occurrence of p1 in mandibles from Deninger bears and cave bears, data after Table 3 (presence = p1 or alveoli observed, absence = no p1 developed, broken = diastema fragmented). in Anterior Premolar Variability In Pleistocene Cave And Brown Bears And Its Significance In Species Determination
Text-fig. 7. Occurrence of p1 in mandibles from Deninger bears and cave bears, data after Table 3 (presence = p1 or alveoli observed, absence = no p1 developed, broken = diastema fragmented).
TYPES: Male holotype from Panama: Panama: Parque Nacional Altos de Campana, 1 hectare PANCODING Inventory, 895 m, 8.68333°, -79.92972°, June 14–19, 2007, M. Arnedo, D. Dimitrov, G. Hormiga, F. Labarque, M. Ramírez, deposited in MIUP, PBI_OON 42313; same data, 1 male paratype deposited in MACN-Ar 29895, PBI_OON 42312. ETYMOLOGY: A noun in apposition; in Greek religion and mythology, Pan is the god of the wild natural world, of shepherds, flocks, and mountains, and of hunting and rustic music. He has hindquarters, legs, and horns of a goat, and the name is here employed to note the large mac- rosetae at the eye region of males that resemble the horns in some illustrations of this god. DIAGNOSIS: This is one of the most autapomor- phic species from the Americas; males have the labium fused with the sternum (fig. 34B), small chelicerae, shorter than the endite length, with anterior blunt projections, and directed backward in lateral view (fig. 34D, E); clypeus directed back- ward (fig. 34D); two light areas on the sternum just below the endites (fig. 34B), carapace almost flat in lateral view and two strong macrosetae at the eye region, pointing forward (fig. 34C–E). Other characters of the male palp, such as the presence of two apophyses, also distinguish this species from others (fig. 38D–F). MALE (PBI_OON 42312): Total length 1.00. Habitus as in figure 34A–C. CEPHALOTHO- RAX: Carapace orange, with brown stripe along in Taxonomic Revision Of The Jumping Goblin Spiders Of The Genus Orchestina Simon, 1882, In The Americas (Araneae: Oonopidae)
TYPES: Male holotype from Panama: Panama: Parque Nacional Altos de Campana, 1 hectare PANCODING Inventory, 895 m, 8.68333°, -79.92972°, June 14–19, 2007, M. Arnedo, D. Dimitrov, G. Hormiga, F. Labarque, M. Ramírez, deposited in MIUP, PBI_OON 42313; same data, 1 male paratype deposited in MACN-Ar 29895, PBI_OON 42312. ETYMOLOGY: A noun in apposition; in Greek religion and mythology, Pan is the god of the wild natural world, of shepherds, flocks, and mountains, and of hunting and rustic music. He has hindquarters, legs, and horns of a goat, and the name is here employed to note the large mac- rosetae at the eye region of males that resemble the horns in some illustrations of this god. DIAGNOSIS: This is one of the most autapomor- phic species from the Americas; males have the labium fused with the sternum (fig. 34B), small chelicerae, shorter than the endite length, with anterior blunt projections, and directed backward in lateral view (fig. 34D, E); clypeus directed back- ward (fig. 34D); two light areas on the sternum just below the endites (fig. 34B), carapace almost flat in lateral view and two strong macrosetae at the eye region, pointing forward (fig. 34C–E). Other characters of the male palp, such as the presence of two apophyses, also distinguish this species from others (fig. 38D–F). MALE (PBI_OON 42312): Total length 1.00. Habitus as in figure 34A–C. CEPHALOTHO- RAX: Carapace orange, with brown stripe along
The presence of territorial damselfish predicts choosy client species richness at cleaning stations
<p>Mutualisms are driven by partners deciding to interact with one another to gain specific services or rewards. As predicted by biological market theory, partners should be selected based on the likelihood, quality, reward level, and or services each partner can offer. Third-party species that are not directly involved in the interaction, however, may indirectly affect the occurrence and or quality of the services provided, thereby affecting which partners are selected or avoided. We investigated how different clients of the sharknose goby (<em>Elacatinus evelynae</em>) cleaner fish were distributed across cleaning stations, and asked what characteristics, relating to biological market theory, affected this distribution. Through quantifying the visitation and cleaning patterns of client fish that can choose which cleaning station(s) to visit, we found that the relative species richness of visiting clients at stations was negatively associated with the presence of disruptive territorial damselfish at the station. Our study highlights, therefore, the need to consider the indirect effects of third-party species and their interactions (e.g. agonistic interactions) when attempting to understand mutualistic interactions between species. Moreover, we highlight how cooperative interactions may be indirectly governed by external partners. </p>
Data from: Human presence and infrastructure impact wildlife nocturnality differently across an assemblage of mammalian species
<p>Wildlife species may shift towards more nocturnal behavior in areas of higher human influence, but it is unclear how consistent this shift might be. We investigated how humans impact large mammal diel activities in a heavily recreated protected area and an adjacent university-managed forest in southwest British Columbia, Canada. We used camera trap detections of humans and wildlife, along with data on land-use infrastructure (e.g., recreation trails and restricted-access roads), in Bayesian regression models to investigate impacts of human disturbance on wildlife nocturnality. We found moderate evidence that black bears (<em>Ursus americanus</em>) were more nocturnal in response to human detections (mean posterior estimate = 0.35, 90% credible interval = 0.04 to 0.65), but no other clear relationships between wildlife nocturnality and human detections. However, we found evidence that coyotes (<em>Canis latrans</em>) (estimates = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.46 to 1.17) were more nocturnal and snowshoe hares (<em>Lepus americanus</em>) (estimate = -0.87, 95% CI = -1.29 to -0.46) were less nocturnal in areas of higher trail density. We also found that coyotes (estimate = -0.87, 95% CI = -1.29 to -0.46) and cougars (<em>Puma concolor</em>) (estimate = -1.14, 90% CI = -2.16 to -0.12) were less nocturnal in areas of greater road density. Furthermore, coyotes, black-tailed deer (<em>Odocoileus hemionus</em>), and snowshoe hares were moderately more nocturnal in areas near urban-wildland boundaries (estimates and 90% CIs: coyote = -0.29, -0.55 to -0.04, black-tailed deer = -0.25, -0.45 to -0.04, snowshoe hare = -0.24, -0.46 to -0.01). Our findings imply anthropogenic landscape features may influence medium to large-sized mammal diel activities more than direct human presence. While increased nocturnality may be a promising mechanism for human-wildlife coexistence, shifts in temporal activity can also have negative repercussions for wildlife, warranting further research into the causes and consequences of wildlife responses to increasingly human-dominated landscapes.</p>
Fig. 4 in Confirmation Of The Presence Of The Dolichophis Caspius (Serpentes, Colubridae) In Vinnytsia Region - The Westernmost Locality Of The Species In Ukraine Near Its Northern Species Range
Fig. 4. The distribution of D. caspius in south-west of Ukraine (white circles — observations before 1922, green circles — observations after 1922, yellow diamonds — observations in Vinnytsia Region, blue quadrats — northernmost localities in Moldova). Numbered north-west border localities in Ukraine and Moldova: 1 — Cosăuţi, 2 — Yampil, 3 — Porohy, 4 — Velyka Kisnytsia, 5 — Doibani, 6 — Podilsk (after: Lozan et al.,1998; Dotsenko, 2003; Dotsenko & Radchenko, 2005; Bezman-Moseyko, 2008; Biliakov & Taraschuk, 2008; Roman et al., 2008; Nekrasova, 2013; Reminnyi & Matviichuk, 2018; Kharchenko et al., 2021; Oskyrko & Jablonski, 2021; Vasyliuk et al., 2022; UkrBIN, 2017; L. Moroz and N. Khomytovska observations; our data).
Fig. 3 in Confirmation Of The Presence Of The Dolichophis Caspius (Serpentes, Colubridae) In Vinnytsia Region - The Westernmost Locality Of The Species In Ukraine Near Its Northern Species Range
Fig. 3. Places of registrations of D. caspius near Yampil, Vinnytsia Region (a: 1 — adult male, 08.09.2021; 2 — subadult male, 15.09.2021; 3 — subadult female, 26.09.2021) and habitats (b — slopes of the Dniester River; c — quarry).
Fig. 1 in Confirmation Of The Presence Of The Dolichophis Caspius (Serpentes, Colubridae) In Vinnytsia Region - The Westernmost Locality Of The Species In Ukraine Near Its Northern Species Range
Fig. 1. Head scalation the specimens of the Caspian whipsnake in the vicinities of Yampil: a — adult male, 08.09.2021; b — subadult male, 15.09.2021; c — subadult female, 26.09.2021.
Fig. 2 in Confirmation Of The Presence Of The Dolichophis Caspius (Serpentes, Colubridae) In Vinnytsia Region - The Westernmost Locality Of The Species In Ukraine Near Its Northern Species Range
Fig. 2. Road killed subadult female of Caspian whipsnake (a) and road section (motorway Т0202) near Yampil's cemetery (b) where this snake was found on 26.09.2021.
Integrating presence-only and detection/non-detection data to estimate distributions and expected abundance of difficult-to-monitor species on a landscape-scale
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The presence of territorial damselfish predicts choosy client species richness at cleaning stations
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Human presence and infrastructure impact wildlife nocturnality differently across an assemblage of mammalian species
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Presence, abundance, and environmental data from 1996 on Celastrus orbiculatus and other exotic plant species in the southern Appalachians, USA
A variety of abiotic, biotic, human and historic variables related to environmental suitability and propagule pressure determine the distribution of invasive plants in a landscape. Understanding the role of these variables for invasive species is challenging because environmental variables are often correlated, many invaders have broad ecological niches, and invasive distributions are often highly dynamic. The researchers examined the role of environmental variables at multiple spatial scales on the distribution of an invasive vine Celastrus orbiculatus (Celastraceae) and other exotic plant species in the southern Appalachians, USA. Data were collected in the Southern Blue Ridge Province of the southern Appalachian Mountains in western North Carolina, USA. This data set includes data on elevation, environmental disturbance, and the presence and abundance of various plant species. The researchers extracted presence and absence data from various sources, including the National Park Service and U.S. Forest Service survey data (NPS/USFS) and Southern Appalachian Volunteer Environmental Monitoring data (SAVEM) (Albright et al. 2009).
Data from: Effectiveness of joint species distribution models in the presence of imperfect detection
<p>Joint species distribution models (JSDMs) are a recent development in biogeography and enable the spatial modelling of multiple species and their interactions and dependencies. However, most models do not consider imperfect detection, which can significantly bias estimates. This is one of the first papers to account for imperfect detection when fitting data with JSDMs and to explore the complications that may arise.</p> <p>A multivariate probit JSDM that explicitly accounts for imperfect detection is proposed, and implemented using a Bayesian hierarchical approach. We investigate the performance of the JSDM in the presence of imperfect detection for a range of factors, including varied levels of detection and species occupancy, and varied numbers of survey sites and replications. To understand how effective this JSDM is in practice, we also compare results to those from a JSDM that does not explicitly model detection but instead makes use of "collapsed data". A case study of owls and gliders in Victoria Australia is also illustrated.</p> <p>Using simulations, we found that the JSDMs explicitly accounting for detection can accurately estimate intrinsic correlation between species with enough survey sites and replications. Reducing the number of survey sites decreases the precision of estimates, while reducing the number of survey replications can lead to biased estimates. For low probabilities of detection, the model may require a large number of survey replications to remove bias from estimates. However, JSDMs not explicitly accounting for detection may have a limited ability to disentangle detection from occupancy, which substantially reduces their ability to accurately infer the species distribution spatially. Our case study showed positive correlation between Sooty Owls and Greater Gliders, despite a low number of survey replications.</p> <p>To avoid biased estimates of inter-species correlations and species distributions, imperfect detection needs to be considered. However, for low probability of detection, the JSDMs explicitly accounting for detection is data hungry. Estimates from such models may still be subject to bias. To overcome the bias, researchers need to carefully design surveys and choose appropriate modelling approaches. The survey design should ensure sufficient survey replications for unbiased inferences on species inter-dependencies and occupancy.</p>
Data for: The meta-analysis of the effects of spatial sampling bias correction on presence only species distribution models
<p>This dataset contains information extracted from 70 studies identified through a systematic review of the peer-reviewed literature (Web of Science and SCOPUS databases both searched on the 13/02/2023) to evaluate the effect of spatial sampling bias correction methods in presence-only species distribution models.</p>
Data for: A new threshold selection method for species distribution models with presence-only data: extracting the mutation point of the P/E curve by threshold regression
<p>Selecting thresholds to convert continuous predictions of species distribution models proves critical for many real-world applications and model assessments. Prevalent threshold selection methods for presence-only data require unproven pseudo-absence data or subjective researchers' decisions. This study proposes a new method, Boyce-Threshold Quantile Regression (BTQR), to determine thresholds objectively without pseudo-absence data. We summarize that the mutation point is a typical shape feature of the predicted-to-expected (P/E) curve after reviewing relevant articles. Analysis based on source-sink theory suggests that this mutation point may represent a transition in habitat types and serve as an appropriate threshold. Threshold regression is introduced to accurately locate the mutation point.</p> <p>To validate the effectiveness of BTQR, we used four virtual species of varying prevalence and a real species with reliable distribution data. Six different species distribution models were employed to generate continuous suitability predictions. BTQR and nine other traditional methods transformed these continuous outputs into binary results. Comparative experiments show that BTQR has advantages in terms of accuracy, applicability, and consistency over the existing methods.</p>
Fig. 1 in A pilot workshop on Bryophytes at the National Herbarium (TAN) reveals the presence of seven additional species for Madagascar
Fig. 1. – Distribution in Madagascar of the new reports from BRYOTAN workshop.
Even more oak species in Mexico? Genetic structure and morphological differentiation support the presence of at least two specific entities within Quercus laeta
<p>Differentiation among populations, sometimes despite ongoing gene exchange, is a key step in speciation. Therefore, comparison of intra- and interspecific differentiation patterns is of great significance to understanding speciation. The genus <em>Quercus </em>is an interesting system to test speciation models in the presence of gene flow, due to its weak interspecific reproductive barriers. The aim of the present study was to characterize the degree and pattern of morphological and genetic differentiation among different morphotypes in the white oak <em>Quercus laeta</em>, some corresponding to the previously described species <em>Q</em>. <em>centralis</em>, <em>Q</em>. <em>laeta</em>, <em>Q</em>. <em>prinopsis </em>and <em>Q</em>. <em>transmontana</em>, as well as geographically structured variation within <em>Q</em>. <em>transmontana </em>not previously described. Our goal was to evaluate if some of these can be considered distinct specific entities or are rather part of a continuum of variation. Nine microsatellite loci and two intergenic regions of chloroplast DNA were analyzed. Morphological differences were evaluated using geometric morphometrics. Chloroplast DNA showed low differentiation, suggesting introgression or sharing of ancestral haplotypes among the <em>Q</em>. <em>laeta </em>morphotypes. Nuclear microsatellites indicated differentiation into two distinct main genetic groups, which were congruent with morphological differentiation. In conclusion, nuclear markers and morphological variation suggest the existence of at least two different entities within <em>Q</em>. <em>laeta</em>.</p>
Figure 74 in Morphology analysis supports presence of more than one species in the "Euscorpius carpathicus" complex (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae)
Figure 74: Morphometric ratio: chela length/chela depth. See Fig. 70 for definition of other terms.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.