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Fig. 2 in Study on sperm heteromorphism in some mussels (Bivalvia: Mytilidae) from the Sea of Japan

Fig. 2. Morphotypes of mature spermatozoa (SEM) in Mytilus trossulus (A–G), Crenomytilus grayanus (H–L) and Mytilus coruscus (M–R): a – acrosome; br – basal ring; n – nucleus; m – mitochondrion; fl – flagellum. Scale bar 1 µm.

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◂Fig. 5 Gametogenesis in male and female Veneriserva pygoclava. A–D Semi-thin histological sections of female Veneriserva pygoclava, stained with toluidine blue. A Cross-section of a female Veneriserva. B Close-up of large mature oocytes without discernible nurse cells. C Developing oocytes attached to mesenteries (mes), and oogonia proliferating from the ventral side of the dorsal blood vessel (bv). D Details of vitellogenic oocytes and nurse cells. Arrowheads indicate brownstained yolk platelets and yolk bodies. E Live sperm cells captured in a light micrograph. F–G Cross-sections of male Veneriserva. Note the absence of a gut in the cross-sections. Abbreviations—ac acicula, acr acrosome, bv blood vessel, coe coelomic cavity, mes mesentery, nc nurse cell, nn nurse cell nucleus, nu sperm cell nucleus, Oo oocyte, on oocyte nucleus, sp spermatogonia, vnc ventral nerve cord in Hardly Venus's servant-morphological adaptations of Veneriserva to an endoparasitic lifestyle and its phylogenetic position within Dorvilleidae (Annelida)

◂Fig. 5 Gametogenesis in male and female Veneriserva pygoclava. A–D Semi-thin histological sections of female Veneriserva pygoclava, stained with toluidine blue. A Cross-section of a female Veneriserva. B Close-up of large mature oocytes without discernible nurse cells. C Developing oocytes attached to mesenteries (mes), and oogonia proliferating from the ventral side of the dorsal blood vessel (bv). D Details of vitellogenic oocytes and nurse cells. Arrowheads indicate brownstained yolk platelets and yolk bodies. E Live sperm cells captured in a light micrograph. F–G Cross-sections of male Veneriserva. Note the absence of a gut in the cross-sections. Abbreviations—ac acicula, acr acrosome, bv blood vessel, coe coelomic cavity, mes mesentery, nc nurse cell, nn nurse cell nucleus, nu sperm cell nucleus, Oo oocyte, on oocyte nucleus, sp spermatogonia, vnc ventral nerve cord

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Fig. 3 in Notes on the brain and encephalization quotient of two sperm whales

Fig. 3 - Logarithmic plot of the brain and body weight of several mammals. The solid black line represents the expected values for the equation EQ=E /0.12P2/3 following Jerison (1973). The predictable brain weight for a given body weight should ideally fall along the i line. Values above the line represent a brain mass higher than expected for a given body weight. The sources of the data are listed in Table 4. ID 335 and ID 338 represent the values of our two sperm whales (encircled by the red line) to distinguish them from published value for the same species.

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Fig. 2 in Notes on the brain and encephalization quotient of two sperm whales

Fig. 2 - Photograph of the right side of the brain of sperm whale ID 335. FS, Sylvian cleft; Cb, cerebellum; TL, temporal lobe; ES, ectosylvian sulcus; SS, suprasylvian sulcus; [OL], presumed position of the orbital lobe. Black bar = 10cm

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Fig. 1 in Notes on the brain and encephalization quotient of two sperm whales

Fig. 1 - Drawings of the skull of Physeter macrocephalus, showing a caudal (left) and a lateral (center) view. Red dashed lines indicate the plane of section described in the article. The relative position of the condyles to the profile of the sperm whale is represented in the schematic drawing on the right. (Drawing by M. Demma).

Fig. 3 in Appraisal of sperm dynamics as a crucial trait of radio- sterilized Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its F progeny for evaluation of the 'inherited sterility technique' for pest suppression

Fig. 3. Effect of gamma irradiation on (a) the percentage of active apyrene sperm, and (b) the intensity of active sperm (no. of undulations/s) in virgin irradiated parental (P) male Spodoptera litura.

Fig. 2b in Appraisal of sperm dynamics as a crucial trait of radio- sterilized Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its F progeny for evaluation of the 'inherited sterility technique' for pest suppression

Fig. 2b. Eupyrene sperm bundles descent from the testes to the reproductive tract (upper vasa deferentia (UVD), seminal vesicles (SV) and the duplex) of irradiated male Spodoptera litura and their F1 progeny during the photophase (white bars)and the scotophase (black bars). Means ± SE followed by the same capital letter within white bars, or within black bars within each treatment regimen of sperm descent in the UVD, SV and duplex are not significantly different at P ≤ 0.05 (ANOVA followed by LSD post-test). Means ± SE followed by a different small letter between white bar and black bar, within each age group within a regimen are significantly different at P ≤ 0.05 (ANOVA followed by LSD posttest).

Fig. 2a in Appraisal of sperm dynamics as a crucial trait of radio- sterilized Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its F progeny for evaluation of the 'inherited sterility technique' for pest suppression

Fig. 2a. Loose apyrene sperm descent from the testes to the reproductive tract [upper vasa deferentia (UVD), seminal vesicles (SV) and the duplex] of irradiated male Spodoptera litura and their F1 progeny during the photophase (white bars) and the scotophase (black bars). Means ± SE followed by the same capital letter within white bars, or within black bars for each treatment regimen of sperm descent in the UVD, SV and duplex are not significantly different at P ≤ 0.05 (ANOVA followed by LSD post-test). Means ± SE followed by different small letter between the white bars and black bars, within each age group within a regimen are significantly different at P ≤ 0.05 (ANOVA followed by LSD posttest).

Fig. 1 in Appraisal of sperm dynamics as a crucial trait of radio- sterilized Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its F progeny for evaluation of the 'inherited sterility technique' for pest suppression

Fig. 1. Reproductive system of male moth, Spodoptera litura. The ductus ejaculatorius simplex is also known as the prostatic part. Sperm pass through the prostatic part at the onset of mating and acquire motility for the first time.

Fig. 4 in Appraisal of sperm dynamics as a crucial trait of radio- sterilized Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its F progeny for evaluation of the 'inherited sterility technique' for pest suppression

Fig. 4. Effect of gamma irradiation on (a) the percentage of active apyrene sperm and (b) the intensity of active sperm (no. of undulations /s) in virgin irradiated parental (P) male Spodoptera litura and their F1progeny.

Fig. 5 in Appraisal of sperm dynamics as a crucial trait of radio- sterilized Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its F progeny for evaluation of the 'inherited sterility technique' for pest suppression

Fig. 5. Effect of gamma irradiation on (a) the percentage of active apyrene sperm, and (b) the intensity of active sperm (no. of undulations /s) in mated irradiated parental (P) male Spodoptera litura.

Fig. 6 in Appraisal of sperm dynamics as a crucial trait of radio- sterilized Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its F progeny for evaluation of the 'inherited sterility technique' for pest suppression

Fig. 6. Effect of gamma irradiation on (a) the percentage of active apyrene sperm, and (b) the intensity of sperm activity (no. of undulations /s) in mated irradiated parental (P) male Spodoptera litura and their F1progeny.

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Fig. 1 in In vitro fertilizations with cryopreserved sperm of Rhinella marina (Anura: Bufonidae) in Ecuador

Fig. 1. Rhinella marina embryo at 31 Gosner stage from in vitro fertilization with cryopreserved sperm.

Figure 1 in Induction of abnormal sperm heads in small mammals under chronic ionizing radiation

Figure 1. Radiation pollution effects after the Chernobyl NPS disaster on the abnormal sperm heads frequency in tundra voles (Microtus oeconomus Pall., n = 56) (A), bank voles (Myodes glareolus Schreb., n = 51) (B), and field mice (Apodemus agrarius Pall., n = 117) (C).

Fig. 9 in A new kogiid sperm whale from northern Italy supports psychrospheric conditions in the early Pliocene Mediterranean Sea

Fig. 9. Phylogenetic relationships of Pliokogia apenninica gen. et sp. nov. with other physeteroids. A. Strict consensus tree. B. 50% majority-rule consensus tree. Acrophyseter sp. refers to MUSM 2182, a partial skull from the site of Cerro Los Quesos (upper Miocene, Pisco Formation, Peru); Scaphokogiinae sp. refers to MUSM 3291 and MUSM 3405, two partial skulls from the sites of Cerro Los Quesos and Cerro Blanco, respectively (upper Miocene, Pisco Formation, Peru), representing a new form of Kogiidae sharing similarities with Scaphokogia cochlearis (see the SOM file for further details). Extinct genera and species are marked by a dagger (†).

Fig. 7 in A new kogiid sperm whale from northern Italy supports psychrospheric conditions in the early Pliocene Mediterranean Sea

Fig. 7. Detached tooth of kogiid sperm whale Pliokogia apenninica gen. et sp. nov. (MSNUP I-17603, holotype), from the lower Pliocene of Sant'Andrea Bagni (Northern Apennines, northern Italy), in four different views (A1–A4). The dashed line denotes the extent of the wear facet.

Fig. 8 in A new kogiid sperm whale from northern Italy supports psychrospheric conditions in the early Pliocene Mediterranean Sea

Fig. 8. Postcranial bones of the kogiid sperm whale Pliokogia apenninica gen. et sp. nov. (MSNUP I-17603, holotype), from the lower Pliocene of Sant'Andrea Bagni (Northern Apennines, northern Italy). A. Fragmentary right rib in dorsal (A1), posterior (A2), and ventral (A3) views. B. Fragmentary thoracic vertebra in anterior (B1), posterior (B2), and dorsal (B3) views.

Fig. 5 in A new kogiid sperm whale from northern Italy supports psychrospheric conditions in the early Pliocene Mediterranean Sea

Fig. 5. Cranium of the kogiid sperm whale Pliokogia apenninica gen. et sp. nov. (MSNUP I-17603, holotype), from the lower Pliocene of Sant'Andrea Bagni (Northern Apennines, northern Italy); in anterodorsal (A1) and right anterodorsolateral (A2) views.

Fig. 6 in A new kogiid sperm whale from northern Italy supports psychrospheric conditions in the early Pliocene Mediterranean Sea

Fig. 6. Close-up of the dorsal surface of the cranium of the kogiid sperm whale Pliokogia apenninica gen. et sp. nov. (MSNUP I-17603, holotype), from the lower Pliocene of Sant'Andrea Bagni (Northern Apennines, northern Italy), showing the shark bite marks that affect the right maxilla (arrows).

Fig. 4 in A new kogiid sperm whale from northern Italy supports psychrospheric conditions in the early Pliocene Mediterranean Sea

Fig. 4. Cranium, in lateral view, of the kogiid sperm whale Pliokogia apenninica gen. et sp. nov. (MSNUP I-17603, holotype), from the lower Pliocene of Sant'Andrea Bagni (Northern Apennines, northern Italy). Photograph (A1), explanatory drawing (A2). The grey vertical stripes denote abraded or broken areas. Dashed line for approximating the position of the frontal-lacrimojugal complex suture.