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669 results for “substitution”
FIGURE 1 in COMPUTER-AIDED DRAWING SYSTEM - SUBSTITUTE FOR CAMERA LUCIDA Ekaterina A. S and Dmitry D. V
FIGURE 1: An example of a working place with the complete drawing apparatus ready to use. C-camera, T-pen tablet
FIGURE 4 in COMPUTER-AIDED DRAWING SYSTEM - SUBSTITUTE FOR CAMERA LUCIDA Ekaterina A. S and Dmitry D. V
FIGURE 4: The procedure of setting the video camera as a source of live capture image in VLC media player: A – click 'Open capture device' under 'Media' menu; B – choose the video camera ('Video device name'), set 'Audio device name' to 'None' and set the horizontal pixel size of the video image — it must be chosen from the predefined list specific for particular video camera or, alternatively, left blank. In the latter case the video, most probably, will have the lowest possible resolution. The bottom arrow points to the command line string which is generated by VLC media player and which can be used to automate the procedure of setting the video camera parameters; this command line is not required for the method described in this paper; C – setting the live capture image as a desktop background for convenient drawing.
Data for: Epistatic effects between amino acid insertions and substitutions mediate toxin-resistance of vertebrate Na+, K+-ATPases
<p>The recurrent evolution of resistance to cardiotonic steroids (CTS) across diverse animals most frequently involves convergent amino-acid substitutions in the H1-H2 extracellular loop of Na<sub>+</sub>, K<sub>+</sub>-ATPase (NKA). Previous work revealed that hystricognath rodents (e.g. chinchilla) and pterocliform birds (sandgrouse) have convergently evolved amino-acid insertions in the H1-H2 loop, but their functional significance was not known. Using protein engineering, we show that these insertions have distinct effects on CTS resistance in homologs of each of the two species that strongly depend on intramolecular interactions with other residues. Removing the insertion in the chinchilla NKA unexpectedly increases CTS resistance and decreases NKA activity. In the sandgrouse NKA, the amino acid insertion and substitution Q111R both contribute to an augmented CTS resistance without compromising ATPase activity levels. Molecular docking simulations provide additional insight into the biophysical mechanisms responsible for the context-specific mutational effects on CTS insensitivity of the enzyme. Our results highlight the diversity of genetic substrates that underlie CTS insensitivity in vertebrate NKA and reveal how amino-acid insertions can alter the phenotypic effects of point mutations at key sites in the same protein domain.</p>
Field margins as substitute habitat for the conservation of birds in agricultural wetlands; Supplementary information
<p>Supplementary material, dataset and script links to the research paper submit for recommendation by PCI Ecology.</p>
Data for dating in the dark: Elevated substitution rates in cave cockroaches (Blattodea: Nocticolidae) have negative impacts on molecular date estimates
<p>Rates of nucleotide substitution vary substantially across the Tree of Life, with potentially confounding effects on phylogenetic and evolutionary analyses. A large acceleration in mitochondrial substitution rate occurs in the cockroach family Nocticolidae, which predominantly inhabit subterranean environments. To evaluate the impacts of this among-lineage rate heterogeneity on estimates of phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary timescales, we analysed nuclear ultraconserved elements (UCEs) and mitochondrial genomes from nocticolids and other cockroaches. Substitution rates were substantially elevated in nocticolid lineages compared with other cockroaches, especially in mitochondrial protein-coding genes. This disparity in evolutionary rates is likely to have led to different evolutionary relationships being supported by mitochondrial genomes and UCE loci. Furthermore, analyses using relaxed-clock models inferred much deeper divergence times compared with a flexible local clock. Our phylogenetic analysis of UCEs, which is the first genome-scale study to include all nine major cockroach families, unites Corydiidae and Nocticolidae and places Anaplectidae as the sister lineage to the rest of Blattoidea. We uncover an extraordinary level of genetic divergence in Nocticolidae, including two highly distinct clades that separated ~115 million years ago despite both containing representatives of the genus <em>Nocticola</em>. The results of our study highlight the potential impacts of high among-lineage rate variation on estimates of phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary timescales.</p>
Data from: Non-native mammals are weak candidates to substitute ecological function of native avian seed-dispersers in an island ecosystem
<p>Although prominent examples exist of non-native species causing substantial ecological harm, many have neutral or positive effects, including filling surrogate roles once performed by extinct native organisms. We tested the ecological roles of two non-native mammals as seed dispersers or seed predators in Guåhan, which, due to invasive brown treesnakes (<em>Boiga</em> <em>irregularis</em>), is devoid of native seed dispersers – birds and bats. We conducted feeding trials with captive rats (<em>Rattus</em> spp.), which are present but uncommon due to predation by snakes, and pigs (<em>Sus</em> <em>scrofa</em>), which are abundant. We examined if and how they interacted with common forest fruits. We then compared how any gut-passed or handled seeds germinated compared to seeds left in whole fruit or depulped seeds.</p> <p>Rats and pigs interacted with most of the fruits and seeds (>80%) that they were fed. Of those, most seeds were destroyed – 78% for rats and 90% for pigs, across both native and non-native plant species. Compared to seeds germinating within whole fruits, rats improved germination of the seeds that they handled without ingesting, while pigs diminished the germination of seeds that they handled. The small percentage of seeds (approximately 1.5% for rats and 5% for pigs) that survived gut passage germinated in higher proportions than those in whole fruits. Percentages of seed survival to germination are lower than those found in similar studies with native avian frugivores. Our results indicate that pigs and rats have mixed effects on seeds, but are not suitable surrogates for native seed dispersers.</p>
ESCOTT mutational effect predictions for ProteinGym Substitutions Dataset
<p>ESCOTT mutational effect predictions for 87 substitution experiments in the ProteinGym Dataset. </p>
Hepatitis C Treatment to Prevent HIV, Initiate Opioid Substitution Therapy, and Reduce Risky Behavior
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03221309. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Multicentric RCT Comparing High Purity Type I Collagen-Skin Substitute vs dHACM in Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcers
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07046403. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 8.
Treatment of Full-Thickness Wounds: NPWT Combined With Type-I Collagen Based Advanced Skin Substitute Versus NPWT Alone
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06873867. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Effects of Substituting Sitting With Standing and Light Intensity Activity in Free-living Conditions on Glycaemia in Overweight and Obese South Asian Adults
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04645875. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
The Abuse Liability of a Novel Heated Tobacco Product (IQOS) and Its Feasibility as a Menthol Cigarette Substitute
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05499377. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
RAL-eve Study: Raltegravir Substitution Study
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00523237. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Treatment Substitution With PRO 140 Monotherapy in Adult Subjects With HIV-1 Infection
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02175680. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Comparison of the Use of Natural and Synthetic Bone Substitutes in Dental Implants
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05938114. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Posterior Cruciate Retaining (PCR) Versus Posterior Cruciate Substituting (PCS) Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02429856. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
A RCT Evaluating Efficacy of Type-I Collagen Skin Substitute vs. Human Amnion Membrane in Treatment of Venous Leg Ulcers
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06831760. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Treatment of Pressure Ulcers Using Biological Skin Substitutes
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06853210. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Anterior Bridging Cage With Bone Substitute Versus Localized Autobone in Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Arthrodesis
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02485574. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 30.
Organ-substituting Technologies in the Treatment of Heart and Pulmonary Failure
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05042622. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 44.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.