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Рис. 4. Поперечные срезы фаΛанг паΛьцев особей Bufo sachalinensis максимаΛьного возраста: A — шестиΛетний самец (L = 69.0 мм); B — семиΛетняя самка (L = 90.6 мм) Fig. 4. Cross-section image of phalanges of Bufo sachalinensis individuals of maximum age: A — six year old male (SVL = 69.0 mm); B — seven year old female (SVL = 90.6 mm) in Age structure and sexual dimorphism of the Far Eastern toad, Bufo sachalinensis Nikolsky, 1905 in the Ussurisky Nature Reserve

Рис. 4. Поперечные срезы фаΛанг паΛьцев особей Bufo sachalinensis максимаΛьного возраста: A — шестиΛетний самец (L = 69.0 мм); B — семиΛетняя самка (L = 90.6 мм) Fig. 4. Cross-section image of phalanges of Bufo sachalinensis individuals of maximum age: A — six year old male (SVL = 69.0 mm); B — seven year old female (SVL = 90.6 mm)

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2018View details →

Fig. 1 in Hemogregarine and Rickettsial infection in ticks of toads from northeastern Colombia

Fig. 1. Tree topology of phylogenetic analyses by Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference including concatenated sequences of the genes gltA, ompA and 16S obtained in this work and others from GenBank (Table 1). The numbers correspond to the values of Bootstrap/posterior probabilities.

Fig. 5 in Differentiation of skull morphology and cranial kinesis in common toads

Fig. 5 The first and second principal components of average skull shape of 49 toad species. The shape changes are summarised by wireframe graphs along the axes. Recognised clades are the Atelopodina

Fig. 2 in Differentiation of skull morphology and cranial kinesis in common toads

Fig. 2 Variation in the degree of ossification of the parasphenoid and prootic in common toads. The arrows indicate the adjacent cranial bones for which character states ('connected' or 'unconnected') were scored as follows: prootic to exoccipital (P-E), prootic to squamosal (P-Sq), sphenethmoid to parasphenoid (Sp-Ps), sphenethmoid to palatine (Sp-Pa) and exoccipital to parasphenoid (E-Ps)

Fig. 4 in Differentiation of skull morphology and cranial kinesis in common toads

Fig. 4 The degree of bone connectedness in Bufo bufo skulls illustrated in ventral view. The individuals with different cranial kinesis scores(CK i) are shown as follows: left CKi= 1, middle CK i= 2 and rightCK i = 5. Arrows point to connected bones. The abbreviations are

Fig. 3 in Differentiation of skull morphology and cranial kinesis in common toads

Fig. 3 Bivariate plot on skull shape variables in Bufo bufo (blue symbols) and B. spinosus (red symbols) over the first (PC1) and second axes (PC2) of a principal component analysis, with females shown by solid symbols and males by open symbols. The amount of variation explained over the axes is shown within parentheses. The shape changes along PC axes are summarised by wireframe graphs depicting the dorsal (top row), posterior (middle row) and lateral (bottom row) skull shape. The images of 3D models showing mean skull shape were presented

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2020View details →

Figure 1 in Possible implications of weather variation on reproductive phenology of European common toad in southeastern Europe

Figure 1. Modeled relation between (a) mean daily humidity (%) and (b) mean daily cloud cover (oktas) and breeding duration (days) for the study population of common toads in Serbia. The black line and shaded region represent model estimates and 95% confidence intervals, respectively. Points are representative of raw data points.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2020View details →

Fig. 1 in Apparent lack of spill-over of parasites from an invasive anuran: PCR detects Entamoeba in cane toads (Rhinella marina) but not in sympatric Australian native frogs

Fig. 1. Study site location in Australia's Northern Territory (left). Map showing the Research Station where the initial amoebiasis outbreak was observed (Shilton et al., 2018); and sample collection sites Leaning Tree Lagoon and Caravan Park (right). In 2018, cane toads and native frogs were collected at Leaning Tree Lagoon. In 2020, cane toads were collected at the Caravan Park and road-killed native frogs were collected from the highway between the Research Station and Leaning Tree Lagoon. Left-hand panel image from GoogleMaps.

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Fig. 2 in Apparent lack of spill-over of parasites from an invasive anuran: PCR detects Entamoeba in cane toads (Rhinella marina) but not in sympatric Australian native frogs

Fig. 2. Six of the amphibian species surveyed for Entamoeba in this study. a) Cyclorana australis, b) Litoria bicolor, c) Litoria dahlii, d) Litoria nasuta, e) Litoria rothii and f) Rhinella marina.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2019View details →

Fig. 1 in From incidental findings to systematic discovery: locating and monitoring a new population of the endangered Harlequin Toad

Fig. 1 Location and boundaries of the Alexander Skutch Biological Corridor (ASBC) in the province of San José, Costa Rica.

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Fig. 3 in From incidental findings to systematic discovery: locating and monitoring a new population of the endangered Harlequin Toad

Fig. 3 Males, females, and juveniles of Atelopus varius found in the Alexander Skutch Biological Corridor. (A) Male found during February surveys. (B) Sleeping male in the leaf litter in the same location of a male in Fig. 2(A). (C) and (E) are juveniles high above the river bank, at least 3–4 m high in the vegetation of the understory, and juvenile (C) is sleeping. (D) A female Harlequin Toad sleeping on the vegetation five m above the river.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2019View details →

Fig. 2 in From incidental findings to systematic discovery: locating and monitoring a new population of the endangered Harlequin Toad

Fig. 2 Detail of Atelopus varius individuals found during February and June 2017 in the ASBC. The left column includes males; the right column includes females. Males (B) and (C) were photographed as found, as were females (E), (G), and (H). Note the spread-out basking position of female (G).

Fig. 5 in Abundance and microhabitat use of the Endangered toad Rhinella yanachaga (Anura: Bufonidae) in the cloud forest of Yanachaga Chemillén National Park, Peru

Fig. 5. Comparisons of the sizes of Rhinella yanachaga individuals. (A) Differences in size of females in dry and wet seasons. (B) Differences in size of males in dry and wet seasons. (C) Differences in size between males and females. (D) Differences in the size of individuals with respect to microhabitats. The different letters indicate significant differences at p ≤ 0.05 according to the Tukey test after GLMM. Error bars represent standard errors.

Fig. 4 in Abundance and microhabitat use of the Endangered toad Rhinella yanachaga (Anura: Bufonidae) in the cloud forest of Yanachaga Chemillén National Park, Peru

Fig. 4. Correlations between the elevation and size of Rhinella yanachaga according to sex. The model presents correlation factors of r2 = 0.34; p = 0.01 for females and r2 = 0.003; p = 0.41 for males. The colors indicate sex (blue for males and red for females) and the shaded areas indicate the 95% confidence limits.

Fig. 2 in Abundance and microhabitat use of the Endangered toad Rhinella yanachaga (Anura: Bufonidae) in the cloud forest of Yanachaga Chemillén National Park, Peru

Fig. 2. Number of Rhinella yanachaga individuals per transect, T1 = 2,800–2,700 m, T2 = 2,700–2,600 m, T3 = 2,600–2,500 m, and T4 = 2,500–2,400 m, according to the elevation gradient for both sexes, in (A) dry season and (B) wet season. (C) Correlation between the abundance of Rhinella yanachaga and elevation for both sexes and seasons. The grey band indicates the 95% confidence limits.

Fig. 3 in Abundance and microhabitat use of the Endangered toad Rhinella yanachaga (Anura: Bufonidae) in the cloud forest of Yanachaga Chemillén National Park, Peru

Fig. 3. Numbers of individuals according to sex and length (SVL) ranges of Rhinella yanachaga in four transects, T1 = 2,800–2,700 m, T2 = 2,700–2,600 m, T3 = 2,600–2,500 m, and T4 = 2,500–2,400 m, according to the elevation gradient in the wet and dry seasons.

Fig. 1 in Abundance and microhabitat use of the Endangered toad Rhinella yanachaga (Anura: Bufonidae) in the cloud forest of Yanachaga Chemillén National Park, Peru

Fig. 1. (A) Map of the study area. The white circle indicates the location of the study site (San Alberto) within Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park, Oxapampa, Pasco; (B) lateral view, (C) ventral view, and (D) dorsal view of Rhinella yanachaga in life. Map by Vladimir Camel (A), photos by Shirley Huamán-Trucios (B–D).

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2021View details →

Fig. 2 in Description of the tadpole and natural history notes of Incilius spiculatus (Mendelson, 1997), an Endangered toad endemic to the Sierra Madre de Oaxaca, Mexico

Fig. 2. Breeding behavior of Incilius spiculatus. (A–B) Amplexus (axillary type) and oviposition, (C) egg string staggered in unilayered tube, (D–E) dorsal and ventral views of the tadpole head at Gosner stage 24 showing the "elongated mouth," (F) Rio Coyul, San Pedro Yolox; (G) lateral view of tadpole at Gosner stage 39, and (H) lateral view of metamorphic individual.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2021View details →

Fig. 1 in Description of the tadpole and natural history notes of Incilius spiculatus (Mendelson, 1997), an Endangered toad endemic to the Sierra Madre de Oaxaca, Mexico

Fig. 1. Tadpole of Incilius spiculatus. (A) Oral disc at Gosner stage 37, (B) lateral view at Gosner stage 35, and (C) dorsal view at Gosner stage 35.