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622 results for “vitals”
Data from: Functional traits as predictors of vital rates across the life cycle of tropical trees
The 'functional traits' of species have been heralded as promising predictors for species' demographic rates and life history. Multiple studies have linked plant species' demographic rates to commonly measured traits. However, predictive power is usually low – raising questions about the practical usefulness of traits – and analyses have been limited to size-independent univariate approaches restricted to a particular life stage. Here we directly evaluated the predictive power of multiple traits simultaneously across the entire life cycle of 136 tropical tree species from central Panama. Using a model-averaging approach, we related wood density, seed mass, leaf mass per area and adult stature (maximum diameter) to onset of reproduction, seed production, seedling establishment, and growth and survival at seedling, sapling and adult stages. Three of the four traits analysed here (wood density, seed mass and adult stature) typically explained 20–60% of interspecific variation at a given vital rate and life stage. There were strong shifts in the importance of different traits throughout the life cycle of trees, with seed mass and adult stature being most important early in life, and wood density becoming most important after establishment. Every trait had opposing effects on different vital rates or at different life stages; for example, seed mass was associated with higher seedling establishment and lower initial survival, wood density with higher survival and lower growth, and adult stature with decreased juvenile but increased adult growth and survival. Forest dynamics are driven by the combined effects of all demographic processes across the full life cycle. Application of a multitrait and full-life cycle approach revealed the full role of key traits, and illuminated how trait effects on demography change through the life cycle. The effects of traits on one life stage or vital rate were sometimes offset by opposing effects at another stage, revealing the danger of drawing broad conclusions about functional trait–demography relationships from analysis of a single life stage or vital rate. Robust ecological and evolutionary conclusions about the roles of functional traits rely on an understanding of the relationships of traits to vital rates across all life stages.
Data from: Interactions between rainfall, fire and herbivory drive resprouter vital rates in a semi-arid ecosystem
1. Global change is threatening ecosystems and biodiversity worldwide, creating a pressing need to understand how climate and disturbance regimes interact and influence the persistence of species. We quantify how three ecosystem drivers– rainfall, fire and herbivory – influence vital rates in the perennial resprouting graminoid, Triodia scariosa, a foundation species of semi-arid Australia. 2. We used an 11 year data set from a fire and herbivore exclosure experiment, to model flowering, post-fire recruitment and the post-fire survival of seedlings and resprouting plants. Regression modelling quantified the effect of rainfall, inter-fire interval, fire type (wildfire or prescribed fire), grazing by herbivores (native and feral) and an interaction between fire type and herbivory on T. scariosa populations. 3. Rainfall, fire and herbivory had significant effects on post-fire recruitment and the survival of seedlings and resprouting plants, including strong interactions between these drivers. Herbivory following wildfire had a minor effect, but in years of below-average rainfall herbivory following prescribed fire had a large effect, reducing the survival of seedlings and resprouting plants by 20% and over 50% respectively, relative to post-fire survival under average rainfall conditions. 4. Variation in rainfall underpinned significant variation in post-fire resprouting and seedling survival, thus we postulate rainfall primarily drives the dynamics of T. scariosa populations. 5. Synthesis. This study highlights the importance of modelling interactions between key ecosystem drivers when predicting how changes in global climate and disturbance regimes influence plant vital rates. Relatively small changes to disturbance regimes can substantially alter population processes, even in perennial resprouting species. This work suggests that conservation of foundation species, such as T. scariosa, will benefit if fire management decisions are better integrated with inter-annual weather forecasts and herbivore management.
Data from: Linking vital rates of landbirds on a tropical island to rainfall and vegetation greenness
Remote tropical oceanic islands are of high conservation priority, and they are exemplified by range-restricted species with small global populations. Spatial and temporal patterns in rainfall and plant productivity may be important in driving dynamics of these species. Yet, little is known about environmental influences on population dynamics for most islands and species. Here we leveraged avian capture-recapture, rainfall, and remote-sensed habitat data (enhanced vegetation index [EVI]) to assess relationships between rainfall, vegetation greenness, and demographic rates (productivity, adult apparent survival) of three native bird species on Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands: rufous fantail (Rhipidura rufifrons), bridled white-eye (Zosterops conspicillatus), and golden white-eye (Cleptornis marchei). Rainfall was positively related to vegetation greenness at all but the highest rainfall levels. Temporal variation in greenness affected the productivity of each bird species in unique ways. Predicted productivity of rufous fantail was highest when dry and wet season greenness values were high relative to site-specific 5-year seasonal mean values (i.e., relative greenness); while the white-eye species had highest predicted productivity when relative greenness contrasted between wet and dry seasons. Survival of rufous fantail and bridled white eye was positively related to relative dry-season greenness and negatively related to relative wet-season greenness. Bridled white-eye survival also showed evidence of a positive response to overall greenness. Our results highlight the potentially important role of rainfall regimes in affecting population dynamics of species on oceanic tropical islands. Understanding linkages between rainfall, vegetation, and animal population dynamics will be critical for developing effective conservation strategies in this and other regions where the seasonal timing, extent, and variability of rainfall is expected to change in the coming decades.
Maximitzant l'Anàlisi de Valors de l'IBEX 35: El Paper Vital del Web Scraping
<p><a href="https://github.com/javilamor/AnalisisIbex35/blob/main/Files/prac1.md#maximitzant-lan%C3%A0lisi-de-valors-de-libex-35-el-paper-vital-del-web-scraping">Maximitzant l'Anàlisi de Valors de l'IBEX 35: El Paper Vital del Web Scraping</a></p><p>El web scraping s'ha convertit en una eina essencial per a l'anàlisi de valors de l'IBEX 35. Proporciona als inversors l'avantatge d'accedir a dades actualitzades i rellevants, la qual cosa és fonamental en un mercat en constant evolució. Aprofitar aquesta tècnica els permet prendre decisions més informades i, en última instància, maximitzar les seves oportunitats d'inversió a l'IBEX 35.</p>
Brown bear population vital rates
<p>Identifying mechanisms of population change is fundamental for conserving small and declining populations and determining effective management strategies.<b> </b>Few studies, however, have measured the demographic components of population change for small populations of mammals (< 50 individuals). We estimated vital rates and trends in two adjacent but genetically distinct, threatened brown bear (<i>Ursus arctos</i>) populations in British Columbia, Canada, following the cessation of hunting. One population had approximately 45 resident bears but had some genetic and geographic connectivity to neighbouring populations, while the other population had < 25 individuals and was isolated.</p> <p>We estimated population-specific vital rates by monitoring survival and reproduction of telemetered female bears and their dependent offspring from 2005 to 2018. In the larger, connected population, independent female survival was 1.00 (95% CI: 0.96-1.00) and the survival of cubs in their first year was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.62-0.95). In the smaller, isolated population, independent female survival was 0.81 (95% CI: 0.64-0.93) and first-year cub survival was 0.33 (95% CI: 0.11-0.67). Reproductive rates did not differ between populations. The large differences in age-specific survival estimates resulted in a projected population increase in the larger population (λ = 1.09; 95% CI: 1.04-1.13) and population decrease in the smaller population (λ = 0.84; 95% CI: 0.72-0.95). Low female survival in the smaller population was the result of both continued human-caused mortality and an unusually high rate of natural mortality. Low cub survival may have been due to inbreeding and the loss of genetic diversity common in small populations, or to limited resources. In a systematic literature review, we compared our population trend estimates with those reported for other small populations (< 300 individuals) of brown bears. Results suggest that once brown bear populations become small and isolated, populations rarely increase and, even with intensive management, recovery remains challenging.</p>
Experimental data testing CO2 × heatwave effects in Pacific herring offspring including data on vital rates and experimental conditions
<p>Forage fish tend to respond strongly to environmental variability and therefore may be particularly sensitive to marine climate stressors. We used controlled laboratory experiments to assess the vulnerability of Pacific herring (<em>Clupea pallasii</em>) embryos to the combined effects of high <em>p</em>CO<sub>2</sub> and a simulated marine heatwave. The two <em>p</em>CO<sub>2</sub> treatments reflected current conditions (~550 µatm) and a future extreme level (~2,300 µatm). The dynamics of heatwave (i.e., rate of onset: ~0.85°C d-<sup>1</sup>; maximum intensity: +4.4°C) were modeled from the most extreme events detected by a long-term regional temperature dataset. Simultaneous exposure to these potential stressors did not affect embryo survival. However, the heatwave did elicit significant metabolic effects that included higher rates of routine metabolism (Q<sub>10</sub> = 1.15 - 1.72), growth (Q<sub>10</sub> = 1.87), rate of development to hatch (Q<sub>10</sub> = 3.01), and yolk consumption (Q<sub>10</sub> = 3.21) as well as a significant reduction in production efficiency (-10.8%) and a three-fold increase in the rate of developmental anomalies. By contrast, high <em>p</em>CO2 conditions produced comparatively small effects to vital rates, including a significant increase in time to hatch (+0.88 d) and a reduction in routine metabolic rate (-6.3%) under the ambient temperature regime only. We found no evidence that high <em>p</em>CO2 increased routine metabolic rate at either temperature. These results indicate that Pacific herring embryos possess sufficient physiological plasticity to cope with extreme seawater acidification under optimal and heatwave temperature conditions, although lingering metabolic inefficiencies induced by the heatwave may lead to important carry-over effects in later life-stages.</p>
Silpakorn Forearm Vital Signs (SF-VS) dataset
<p>In this updated version, we have revised the README file following the completion of our article review and publication. The dataset has been divided into two parts due to Zenodo's data storage policies:</p> <ol> <li><a title="Dataset part 1" href="../records/10020238" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The first part</a> of the dataset is uploaded to Zenodo server in the first version of this record.</li> <li><a title="Dataset Par 2, Password = SFVS" href="https://1drv.ms/f/s!AklwGgDsevakkYhkkNu2d6ozv3UJ4Q?e=A5bJ3a">The second part</a> is stored on Microsoft OneDrive. Password = SFVS</li> </ol> <p>Detailed information about the dataset and the Microsoft OneDrive download link can be found in the updated README file ("READ_ME_rev2.docx").</p> <p>Note: the main contents of the dataset in Zenodo is denoted by 'Version 1.' Please click the <a title="Main dataset contents" href="../records/10020238" target="_blank" rel="noopener">'Version 1' link</a> to get there.</p> <p> </p> <h1><strong>Abstract</strong></h1> <p>We introduced the Silpakorn Forearm Vital Signs (SF-VS) dataset to support research on non-contact vital signs measurement from skin less affected by blood perfusion. This dataset, collected from 83 healthy volunteers, is designed to address the limitations of current methods, which may struggle under varying lighting conditions and with non-facial skin.</p> <p>The dataset comprises three key elements: video frames, timestamps, and reference heart rates. We randomly divided 83 healthy volunteers into three groups under varying lighting conditions:</p> <ul> <li>Group 1 (G1, 33 subjects): Controlled environment with direct-current LED light source (to minimize AC interference) and blocked external light. Only an LED ring light illuminated the skin area.</li> <li>Group 2 (G2, 24 subjects): Room with downlight ceiling LED lights.\</li> <li>Group 3 (G3, 26 subjects): Room with ceiling fluorescent light tubes.</li> </ul> <p>Data for each subject is compressed into a ZIP file named "Group_ID+Subject_ID.zip" (e.g., "G1_S1.zip" for the first subject in Group 1).</p>
Sensitivity of multiple vital rates for ruffed grouse in the upper Great Lakes region
<p>Effective management of wildlife requires a full understanding of population dynamics and knowledge of potential drivers that influence population growth. The Ruffed Grouse (<i>Bonasa umbellus</i>) is a popular upland game bird widely distributed across the northern United States and Canada that has experienced population declines within portions of its range in response to forest maturation and habitat loss. Although the species has been extensively studied, few efforts have been made to synthesize demographic data into a sensitivity analysis to guide management actions. We reviewed the literature and compiled Ruffed Grouse vital rates from 14 field studies conducted across four decades (1982−2018) within the Upper Great Lakes region of Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin, USA. We parameterized a deterministic matrix model to evaluate population dynamics and conducted sensitivity analyses to identify vital rates projected to have the greatest influence on the finite rate of population change (λ). Our modeling effort projected a stable but highly variable annual rate of population change (λ = 1.01; 95% CI = 0.88–1.14) for Ruffed Grouse in the Upper Great Lakes region. Stochastic rates of population change derived from spring drumming surveys (λ = 1.01; 95% CI = 0.61–1.45) and Christmas Bird Count surveys (λ = 0.99; 95% CI = 0.62–1.76) of the corresponding regional population provided validation of stable trends over the same time period as our demographic model. Prospective elasticities and variance-scaled sensitivities suggested λ would be greatly influenced by components of reproductive performance: nesting success, chick survival, and post-fledging juvenile survival. Retrospective analysis indicated that much of the overall variability in λ and annual productivity was also attributed to annual variation in nesting success. Management of this species has often focused on fall and overwinter survival, but population projection models provided little evidence that survival was the predominant factor affecting population growth of Ruffed Grouse in this region. A suite of confounding factors and demographic processes that drive population trends can differ significantly across a species' range. In the Upper Great Lakes region, management efforts aimed at maximizing reproductive success would likely have the greatest potential influence on Ruffed Grouse population growth. Other types of systematic, regional survey data can also be useful for validating population trends derived from demographic modeling studies.</p>
Photonic Radar for Contactless Vital Sign Detection
<p>Data and code used to produce the figures in "Photonic Radar for Contactless Vital Sign Detection". Nature Photonics (2023). DOI:10.1038/s41566-023-01245-6</p> <p>The code has been tested with Matlab R2020b.</p>
Data used in the GRL paper (2023GL106216) entitled "The Synergistic Nucleation of Iodous Acid and Sulfuric Acid: A Vital Mechanism in Polluted Marine Regions"
<p>These are the output files of Gaussian 09 software for all the most stable clusters in the paper.</p>
FIGURE 6 in Remarkable fly (Diptera) diversity in a patch of Costa Rican cloud forest: Why inventory is a vital science
FIGURE 6. Relationship between number of all species occurring at Zurquí (named and unnamed) and all named species from the Neotropical Region (not including Cecidomyiidae, with 800 species). Numbers of species from Pape and Thompson (2013) with some modifications by coauthors.
FIGURE 5 in Remarkable fly (Diptera) diversity in a patch of Costa Rican cloud forest: Why inventory is a vital science
FIGURE 5. Relationship between number of all species occurring at Zurquí (named and unnamed) and all named species from Colombia (not including Cecidomyiidae, with 800 species). Numbers of species from Wolff et al. (2016) with additions and minor modifications noted in text.
FIGURE 2 in Remarkable fly (Diptera) diversity in a patch of Costa Rican cloud forest: Why inventory is a vital science
FIGURE 2. Venn diagrams indicating number of species at Zurquí shared by each of Malaise traps #1 and #2 and all other methods combined, with the latter further separated into main elements (excluding Phoridae, other Malaise traps, flightintercept trap, Mercury vapour light; total of 3,487 species considered here). Total number for a given method underlined. Those not underlined are either unique or overlapping within that group of collecting methods.
FIGURE 1 in Remarkable fly (Diptera) diversity in a patch of Costa Rican cloud forest: Why inventory is a vital science
FIGURE 1. (A) Map of study site at Zurquí de Moravia, Costa Rica, with general features and primary collecting localities indicated (modified from Borkent & Brown 2015). Supplemental collecting indicating those areas where other collecting generally took place for three days of each month. (B) Map of Costa Rica showing location of the three collecting sites. San José indicated for reference.
FIGURE 7 in Remarkable fly (Diptera) diversity in a patch of Costa Rican cloud forest: Why inventory is a vital science
FIGURE 7. Relationship between number of all species occurring at Zurquí (named and unnamed) and all named species from the world (not including Cecidomyiidae, with 800 species). Numbers of species from Pape and Thompson (2013), except as noted in Table 2.
FIGURE 4 in Remarkable fly (Diptera) diversity in a patch of Costa Rican cloud forest: Why inventory is a vital science
FIGURE 4. Relationship between number of all species occurring at Zurquí (named and unnamed) and all named species from Central America (not including Cecidomyiidae, with 800 species). Numbers of species from Brown et al. (2009, 2011), with additions for a few families from coauthors.
Effect of Acupressure Therapy Applied to Nursing Students on Exam Anxiety and Vital Signs
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06454799. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
De-escalating Vital Sign Checks
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04046458. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Vital@Work: an Intervention for Prevention of Mental Health Complaints at Work
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06445101. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Contactless Vital Signs Measurement
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05165381. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
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OpenNeuro
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