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403 results for “wasp parasite”
Figures 29–36 in Phylogeny and classification of the Orussidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera), a basal parasitic wasp taxon
Figures 29–36. Female antenna of 29. Orussonia depressa Riek; 30. Orussella dentifrons (Philippi); 31. Orussobaius minutus Benson; 32. Pseudoryssus henschii (Mocsáry); 33. Orussus occidentalis Cresson; 34. Chalinus braunsi (Enslin); 35. Ophrynon levigatus Middlekauff; 36. Argentophrynopus gauldi Vilhelmsen & Smith. Not to scale.
Figures 43–48. Thorax, dorsal view. 43 in Phylogeny and classification of the Orussidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera), a basal parasitic wasp taxon
Figures 43–48. Thorax, dorsal view. 43. Orussus schoutedeni Guiglia; 44. Orussus occidentalis Cresson; 45. Pseudoryssus henschii (Mocsáry); 46. Guiglia sericata (Mocsáry); 47. Ophrella lingulata Middlekauff; 48. Ophrynopus plaumanni Smith. Not to scale.
Figures 25–28. Head, posterior view. 25 in Phylogeny and classification of the Orussidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera), a basal parasitic wasp taxon
Figures 25–28. Head, posterior view. 25. Orussonia depressa Riek; 26. Orussella dentifrons (Philippi); 27. Guiglia sericata (Mocsáry); 28. Ophrynopus plaumanni Smith. Not to scale.
Figures 19–24. Head, lateral view. 19 in Phylogeny and classification of the Orussidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera), a basal parasitic wasp taxon
Figures 19–24. Head, lateral view. 19. Guiglia sericata (Mocsáry); 20. Kulcania mexicana (Cresson); 21. Ophrynon levigatus Middlekauff; 22. Ophrella lingulata Middlekauff; 23. Argentophrynopus gauldi Vilhelmsen & Smith; 24. Stirocorsia kohli Konow. Not to scale.
Figure 11 in Phylogeny of the genera of the parasitic wasps subfamily Doryctinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) based on morphological evidence
Figure 11. Strict consensus of the 30 000 most parsimonious trees obtained from each of three different character sets examined in this study following the QHS strategy. Numbers above branches show bootstrap values ≥ 50. A, strict consensus (length 502) including only the external characters for all taxa (ONLY EXTERNAL); B, strict consensus (length 556) including only taxa with ≥ 70% scored characters (> 70% DATA); C, strict consensus (length 180) including only characters systems others than external morphology and taxa with ≥ 50% of scored characters (REPRODUCTIVE + LARVAL).
Figure 10 in Phylogeny of the genera of the parasitic wasps subfamily Doryctinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) based on morphological evidence
Figure 10. Strict consensus of 30 000 most parsimonious trees (length 790) produced by the QHS strategy using all the available information for all taxa (ALL DATA). Only resolved clades of Doryctinae are shown. Numbers above branches show bootstrap values ≥ 50. Numbers below branches refer to the major clades recovered (see text).
Figure 9 in Phylogeny of the genera of the parasitic wasps subfamily Doryctinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) based on morphological evidence
Figure 9. Selected features of the venom apparatus in the Doryctinae. A, Megaloproctus sp.; B, Nervellius sp.; C, Aleiodes pulchripes Wesmael; D, Halycaea sp.; E, Hecabolus sp.; F, Syngaster sp. v, venom reservoir; p, primary venom duct; s, secondary venom duct.
Figure 8 in Phylogeny of the genera of the parasitic wasps subfamily Doryctinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) based on morphological evidence
Figure 8. Male genitalia in the Doryctinae. A, Doryctes striatellus (Nees); B, Hecabolus sulcatus Curtis; C, Euscelinus sarawacus Westwood; D, Monarea sp.; E, Zombrus bicolor Enderlein; F, Acanthodoryctes morleyi (Froggatt); G, Syngaster lepidus Brullé; H, Ecphylus silesiacus (Ratzerburg); I, Dendrosoter protuberans Wesmael.
Figure 7 in Phylogeny of the genera of the parasitic wasps subfamily Doryctinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) based on morphological evidence
Figure 7. External morphological features in the Doryctinae. A, C, D, F, G, female; B, E, male. A–F, metasoma, dorsal view; G, metasoma, lateral view. A, B, Halycaea rubata Belokobylskij; C, Rhaconotus ceylonicus Belokobylskij; D, R. excavatus Belokobylskij; E, Dendrosoter hartigii (Ratzeburg); F, G, Arhaconotus papuanus Belokobylskij.
Figure 6 in Phylogeny of the genera of the parasitic wasps subfamily Doryctinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) based on morphological evidence
Figure 6. External morphological features in the Doryctinae. A, C, first metasomal tergite, lateral view; B, F–J, metasoma, dorsal view; D, first tergite, ventral view; E, first-third metasomal tergites, dorsal view. A, B, Spathius wusheensis Belokobylskij; C–E, Fijibracon insularis Belokobylskij; F, Heterospilus hemitestaceus Belokobylskij; G, Liodoryctes australiensis (Szépligeti); H, Glyptocolastes rugulosus (Cresson); I, Bathycentor kraesselini Saussure; J, Siragra nitida Cameron.
Figure 4 in Phylogeny of the genera of the parasitic wasps subfamily Doryctinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) based on morphological evidence
Figure 4. External morphological features in the Doryctinae. Wing venation characters, fore and hind wings. A, Labania straminea Hedqvist; B, Doryctes fulviceps Reinhard; C, Percnobracon secundus Muesebeck; D, Dendrosoter hartigi (Ratzeburg); E, Fijibracon insularis Belokobylskij; F, Rhaconotus insularis Belokobylskij; G, Nipponecphylus matsumurai Belokobylskij & Konishi; H, Doryctophasmus ferrugineiceps Enderlein.
Figure 3 in Phylogeny of the genera of the parasitic wasps subfamily Doryctinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) based on morphological evidence
Figure 3. External morphological features in the Doryctinae. Wing venation characters, fore and hind wings. A, Holcobracon fulvus Cameron; B, Caenophanes luculentus Belokobylskij; C, Acanthodoryctes morleyi (Froggatt); D, Heterospilus tirnax Papp; E, Neurocrassus fabimaculatus Belokobylskij; F, Pambolidea yuma Ashmead.
Figure 2 in Phylogeny of the genera of the parasitic wasps subfamily Doryctinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) based on morphological evidence
Figure 2. External morphological features in the Doryctinae. A, anterior part of mesosoma, lateral view; B–D, mesosoma, lateral view; E, areas of propodeum; F, mesonotum; G, propodeum, view from behind; H–K, stigma-like enlargement of the hind wing in male. A, Binarea spinicollis Brullé; B, Bracodoryctes tergalis Belokobylskij & Quicke; C, Evaniodes areolaris Szépligeti; D, E, Doryctes germanicus Belokobylskij; F, Fijibracon insularis Belokobylskij; G, Stephanospathius ornatipes (Kieffer); H, Dendrosoter middendorffi (Ratzeburg); I, Heterospilus orientalis Belokobylskij; Leluthia asiatica (Tobias); J, K, H. separatus Fischer.
Fig. 4 in Two new species of Xenos (Strepsiptera: Xenidae), parasites of social wasps of the genus Mischocyttarus (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in the New World
Fig. 4. Xenos pallens Benda & Straka sp. nov., female, cephalothorax, male, cephalotheca. A – ventral side of cephalothorax; B – dorsal side of cephalothorax; C – frontal view of cephalotheca; D – lateral view of cephalotheca. Abbreviations: a – vestigial antenna, cl – clypeus, coe – compound eye, dlf – dorsal labral field of labral area, fi – frontal impression, fr – frontal region, gn – gena, hyp – hypopharynx, lba – labial area, md – mandible, mst – mesosternum, mstp – mesosternal papilla, mtst – metasternum, mtstp – metasternal papilla, mx – vestige of maxilla, mxb – maxillary base (at mandible base), mxp – vestige of maxillary palp, ob – occipital bulge, os – mouth opening, pom – postmentum, prm – prementum, pst – prosternum (prosternal extension), pstp – prosternal papilla, sbhp – segmental border between head and prothorax, sbmm – segmental border between mesothorax and metathorax, sbpm – segmental border between prothorax and mesothorax, smxg – submaxillary groove, sp – spiracle, ssf – sensillum of supraantennal sensillary field, vlf – ventral labral field of labral area.
Fig. 3 in Two new species of Xenos (Strepsiptera: Xenidae), parasites of social wasps of the genus Mischocyttarus (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in the New World
Fig. 3. Xenos pallens Benda & Straka sp. nov., host, female, cephalothorax. A – Mischocyttarus costaricensis Richards, 1945, stylopised by X. pallens sp. nov., lateral view; B – the same specimen, dorsal view; C – holotype of X. pallens sp. nov., ventral side of cephalothorax; D – holotype of X. pallens sp. nov., dorsal side of cephalothorax. Abbreviation: cl – clypeus.
Fig. 2 in Two new species of Xenos (Strepsiptera: Xenidae), parasites of social wasps of the genus Mischocyttarus (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in the New World
Fig. 2. Xenos bicolor Benda & Straka sp. nov., female, detail of cephalothorax, male, cephalotheca. A – detail of ventral side of cephalothorax from Mischocyttarus navajo Bequaert, 1933; B – detail of dorsal side of cephalothorax from M. flavitarsis (Saussure, 1854); C – frontal view of cephalotheca from M. pallidipectus (Smith, 1857); D – lateral view of cephalotheca from M. pallidipectus. Abbreviations: a – vestigial antenna, cl – clypeus, cll – clypeal lobe, coe – compound eye, dlf – dorsal labral field of labral area, fi – frontal impression, fr – frontal region, gn – gena, hyp – hypopharynx, lba – labial area, md – mandible, mx – vestige of maxilla, mxb – maxillary base, mxp – vestige of maxillary palp, ob – occipital bulge, os – mouth opening, pom – postmentum, prm – prementum, pst – prosternum (prosternal extension), sbhp – segmental border between head and prothorax, smxg – submaxillary groove, ssf – sensillum of supraantennal sensillary field, vlf – ventral labral field of labral area.
Fig. 1 in Two new species of Xenos (Strepsiptera: Xenidae), parasites of social wasps of the genus Mischocyttarus (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in the New World
Fig. 1. Xenos bicolor Benda & Straka sp. nov., host, female, cephalothorax. A – Mischocyttarus flavitarsis (Saussure, 1854) stylopised by X. bicolor sp. nov., lateral view; B – detail of host abdomen of M. navajo Bequaert, 1933, with two adult females; C–D – holotype of X. bicolor sp. nov. from M. navajo, cephalothorax; C – ventral side; D – dorsal side. Abbreviations: cll – clypeal lobe, lehc – lateral extension of head capsule, mst – mesosternum, mtst – metasternum, pst – prosternum (prosternal extension), sbmm – segmental border between mesothorax and metathorax, sbpm – segmental border between prothorax and mesothorax, sp – spiracle.
Brood parasites that care: alternative nesting tactics in a subsocial wasp
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Data from: The ovipositor actuation mechanism of a parasitic wasp and its functional implications
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Parasitic wasps use specialized needle-like structures—ovipositors—to drill in substrates to reach hidden hosts. The external ovipositor (terebra) consists of three interconnected, sliding elements (valvulae) which are moved reciprocally during insertion. This presumably reduces the required pushing force on the terebra and limits the risk of damage whilst probing. Although this is an important mechanism, it is still not completely understood how the actuation of the valvulae is achieved, and it has only been studied with the ovipositor in rest position. Additionally, very little is known about the magnitude of the forces generated during probing. We used synchrotron X-ray microtomography to reconstruct the actuation mechanism of the parasitic wasp <i>Diachasmimorpha longicaudata</i> (Braconidae) in four distinct phases of the probing cycle. We show that only the paired first valvulae of the terebra move independently, while the second valvula moves with the metasoma ('abdomen'). The first valvula movements are initiated by rotation of one chitin plate (first valvifer) with respect to another such plate (second valvifer). This is achieved indirectly by muscles connecting the non-rotating second valvifer and the abdominal ninth tergite. Unlike previously reported, we found muscle fibres running inside the terebra, although their function remains unclear. The estimated maximal forces that can be exerted by the first valvulae are small (protraction 1.19 mN and retraction 0.874 mN), which reduces the risk of buckling but are sufficient for successful probing. The small net forces of the valvulae on the substrate may still lead to buckling of the terebra; we show that the sheaths surrounding the valvulae prevent this by effectively increasing the diameter and second moment of area of the terebra. Our findings improve the comprehension of hymenopteran probing mechanisms, the function of the associated muscles, and the forces and damage limiting mechanism that are involved in drilling a slender terebra into a substrate.</p>
Learning can be detrimental for a parasitic wasp: R scripts and Telenomus podisi data
<p>Animals have evolved the capacity to learn, and the conventional view is that learning allows individuals to improve foraging decisions. We describe a first case of maladaptive learning where a parasitoid learns to associate chemical cues from an unsuitable host, thereby re-enforcing a reproductive cul-de-sac (evolutionary trap). <i>Telenomus podisi</i> parasitizes eggs of the exotic stink bug <i>Halyomorpha halys</i> at the same rate as eggs of its coevolved host, <i>Podisus maculiventris</i>, but the parasitoid cannot complete its development in the exotic species. We hypothesized that <i>T. podisi </i>learns to exploit cues from this non-coevolved species, thereby increasing unsuccessful parasitism rates. We conducted bioassays to compare the responses of naïve <i>vs</i>. experienced parasitoids on chemical footprints left by one of the two host species. Both naïve and experienced females showed a higher response to footprints of <i>P. maculiventris</i> than of <i>H. halys</i>. Furthermore, parasitoids that gained an experience on <i>H. halys</i> significantly increased their residence time within the arena and the frequency of re-encounter with the area contaminated by chemical cues. Maladaptive learning in the <i>T. podisi</i> - <i>H. halys</i> association is expected to further decrease parasitoid reproductive success and have consequences for population dynamics of sympatric native and exotic host species.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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