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Fig. 1 in Pupal size distribution and sexual dimorphism in wild and laboratory populations of two species of Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae) fruit flies
Fig. 1. Size distribution of laboratory and wild Anastrepha ludens and Anastrepha obliqua male and female pupae. The proportion of male and female pupae is shown in 10 pupal size classes (pupal diam mm) on the x-axis.
Fig. 3 in Pupal size distribution and sexual dimorphism in wild and laboratory populations of two species of Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae) fruit flies
Fig. 3. Canonical analysis for pupae size parameters of males and females of laboratory and wild populations in Anastrepha obliqua. The canonical analysis is represented on the first canonical axis (can 1), where the boxplots indicate the populations (laboratory and wild) and sexes (males and females) (lef). The variables of pupae size: length (mm), width (mm), and weight (mg) are indicated by vectors (right).
Fig. 1 in Using a spatial mark-resight model to estimate the parameters of a wild pig (Sus scrofa) population in Singapore
Fig. 1. Map showing the location of the Central Catchment Nature Reserve on mainland Singapore. All 27 camera points are indicated with a red circle. Black squares indicate the three camera points added to the 1 km2 grid. The six cage traps are marked with a blue cross. Dotted circles indicate areas the last remaining patches of primary forest in Singapore.
Fig. 3 in Using a spatial mark-resight model to estimate the parameters of a wild pig (Sus scrofa) population in Singapore
Fig. 3. Map of the Central Catchment Nature Reserve showing the day and night fixes of the collared pig. The home ranges are calculated from the monthly 95% Kernel Density Estimate (KDE), while the aggregate home range was calculated from the 99% KDE from all six months. The Seletar Expressway (SLE) is pointed out on the map and the satellite overlay was adapted from Google Earth.
Fig. 2 in Using a spatial mark-resight model to estimate the parameters of a wild pig (Sus scrofa) population in Singapore
Fig. 2. The density map showing the number of activity centres per kilometer square, the locations of the camera points (circles), 143 out of 856 GPS locations from the collared pig (black dots) and the boundary of the Central Catchment Nature Reserve. Only a fraction of the GPS locations was plotted to prevent the colored pixels from being obscured. Each pixel is 1 km2. X and Y coordinates are in kilometers.
Fig. 11 in Developmental Abnormalities in Wild Populations of Birds: Examples from Lesser Snow Geese (Chen caerulescens caerulescens)
Fig. 11. Asymmetrical reduction in lower mandible of specimen LPB009 that also displays misshapen anterior frontal bones.
Fig. 3. Specimen LPB002 in Developmental Abnormalities in Wild Populations of Birds: Examples from Lesser Snow Geese (Chen caerulescens caerulescens)
Fig. 3. Specimen LPB002 displaying duplication of mandibles and fusion of medial eye socket. Entire specimen (left) and details of head region (right).
Data and code for: Plastic and quantitative genetic divergence mirror environmental gradients among wild, fragmented populations of Impatiens capensis
<p><strong>Premise of the study:</strong> Habitat fragmentation generates molecular genetic divergence among isolated populations but few studies have assessed phenotypic divergence and fitness in populations where the genetic consequences of habitat fragmentation are known. Phenotypic divergence could reflect plasticity, local adaptation, and/or genetic drift.</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> We examined patterns and potential drivers of phenotypic divergence among 12 populations of jewelweed (<em>Impatiens capensis </em>Meerb.) that show strong molecular genetic signals of isolation and drift among fragmented habitats. We measured morphological and reproductive traits in both maternal plants within natural populations and their self-fertilized progeny grown together in a common garden. We also quantified environmental divergence between home sites and the common garden.</p> <p><strong>Key results: </strong>Populations with less molecular genetic variation expressed less maternal phenotypic variation. Progeny in the common garden converged in phenotypes relative to their wild mothers but retained among-population differences in morphology, survival, and reproduction. Among-population phenotypic variance was 3-10x greater in home sites than in the common garden for 6 of 7 morphological traits measured. Patterns of phenotypic divergence paralleled environmental gradients in ways suggestive of adaptation. Progeny resembled their mothers less as the environmental distance between their home site and the common garden increased.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite strong molecular signatures of isolation and drift, phenotypic differences among these <em>Impatiens </em>populations appear to reflect both adaptive quantitative genetic divergence and plasticity. Quantifying the extent of local adaptation and plasticity and how these covary with molecular and phenotypic variation help us predict when populations may lose their adaptive capacity. </p>
Data and code for: Failure to purge: Population and individual inbreeding effects on fitness across generations of wild Impatiens capensis
<p>Inbreeding exposes deleterious recessive alleles in homozygotes, lowering fitness and generating inbreeding depression (ID). Both purging (via selection) and fixation (via drift) should reduce segregating deleterious mutations and ID in more inbred populations. These theoretical predictions are not well-tested in wild populations, which is concerning given purging/fixation have opposite fitness outcomes. We examined how individual- and population-level inbreeding and genomic heterozygosity affected maternal and progeny fitness within and among 12 wild populations of <em>Impatiens capensis</em>. We quantified maternal fitness in home sites, maternal multilocus heterozygosity (using 12,560 SNPs), and lifetime fitness of selfed and predominantly outcrossed progeny in a common garden. These populations spanned a broad range of individual- (<span class="s1"><em>f</em></span><span class="s2"><sub>i</sub></span><em> </em>= -0.17–0.98) and population-level inbreeding (<span class="s1"><em>F</em></span><span class="s2"><sub>IS</sub></span> = 0.25–0.87). More inbred populations contained fewer polymorphic loci, less fecund mothers, and smaller progeny, suggesting higher fixed loads. However, despite appreciable ID (mean: 8.8 lethal equivalents per gamete), ID did not systematically decline in more inbred population. More heterozygous mothers were more fecund and produced fitter progeny in outcrossed populations, but this pattern unexpectedly reversed in highly inbred populations. These observations suggest that persistent overdominance or some other force acts to forestall purging and fixation in these populations.</p>
Data from: Additive genetic and environmental variation interact to shape the dynamics of seasonal migration in a wild bird population
<p><span>Dissecting joint micro-evolutionary and plastic responses to environmental perturbations requires quantifying interacting components of genetic and environmental variation underlying expression of key traits. This ambition is particularly challenging for phenotypically discrete traits where multiscale decompositions are required to reveal non-linear transformations of underlying genetic and environmental variation into phenotypic variation, and when effects must be estimated from incomplete field observations. We devised a joint multistate capture-recapture and quantitative genetic animal model and fitted this model to full-annual-cycle resighting data from partially-migratory European shags (<em>Gulosus</em> <em>aristotelis</em>) to estimate key components of genetic, environmental and phenotypic variance in the ecologically critical discrete trait of seasonal migration versus residence. We demonstrate non-negligible additive genetic variance in latent liability for migration, resulting in detectable micro-evolutionary responses following two episodes of strong survival selection. Further, liability-scale additive genetic effects interacted with substantial permanent individual and temporary environmental effects to generate complex non-additive effects on expressed phenotypes, causing substantial intrinsic gene-by-environment interaction variance on the phenotypic scale. Our analyses therefore reveal how temporal dynamics of partial seasonal migration arise from combinations of instantaneous micro-evolution and within-individual phenotypic consistency, and highlight how intrinsic phenotypic plasticity could expose genetic variation underlying discrete traits to complex forms of selection.</span></p>
Signatures of adaptive decreased virulence of deformed wing virus in an isolated population of wild honey bees (Apis mellifera)
<p>Understanding the ecological and evolutionary processes that drive host-pathogen interactions is critical for combating epidemics and conserving species. The <em>Varroa</em> <em>destructor</em> mite and deformed wing virus (DWV) are two synergistic threats to Western honey bee (<em>Apis</em> <em>mellifera</em>) populations across the globe. Distinct honey bee populations have been found to self-sustain despite <em>Varroa</em> infestations, including colonies within the Arnot Forest outside Ithaca, NY, USA. We hypothesized that in these bee populations, DWV has been selected to produce an avirulent infection phenotype, allowing for the persistence of both host and disease-causing agents. To investigate this, we assessed the titer of viruses in bees from the Arnot Forest and managed apiaries, and assessed genomic variation and virulence differences between DWV isolates. Across groups, we found viral abundance was similar, but DWV genotypes were distinct. We also found that infections with isolates from the Arnot Forest resulted in higher survival and lower rates of symptomatic deformed wings, compared to analogous isolates from managed colonies, providing preliminary evidence to support the hypothesis of adaptive decreased viral virulence. Overall, this multi-level investigation of virus genotype and phenotype across different contexts reveals critical insight into global bee health and the ecological and evolutionary processes driving host-pathogen interactions.</p>
Data and code for: Plastic and quantitative genetic divergence mirror environmental gradients among wild, fragmented populations of Impatiens capensis
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Age-specificity in territory quality and spatial structure in a wild bird population
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Data from: Longitudinal gut microbiome dynamics in relation to age and senescence in a wild animal population
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The relationship between neutral genetic diversity and performance in wild arthropod populations
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Signatures of adaptive decreased virulence of deformed wing virus in an isolated population of wild honey bees (Apis mellifera)
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Data from: Natural selection on antihelminth antibodies in a wild mammal population
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Data for: Harvest and decimation affect genetic drift and the effective population size in wild reindeer
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Data for: Multi-generational fitness effects of natural immigration indicate strong heterosis and epistatic breakdown in a wild bird population
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Indirect pathogen transmission underlies an emerging infectious fungal disease outbreak in a wild reptile population
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.