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1,047 results for “Salamanders”
FIGURE 17 in Taxonomic reassessment of salamanders (genus Hynobius) from Tsushima Islands Japan, with a resurrection of Hynobius tagoi Dunn, 1923 (Amphibia: Caudata)
FIGURE 17. Dorsal, lateral, and ventral views of a larva of H. tsuensis (A–C: KUHE 65029) from Izuhara and H. tagoi (D–F; KUHE 65028) from Toyotama. A white bar shows 10 mm.
FIGURE 1 in Taxonomic reassessment of salamanders (genus Hynobius) from Tsushima Islands Japan, with a resurrection of Hynobius tagoi Dunn, 1923 (Amphibia: Caudata)
FIGURE 1. Map of Kyushu and its adjacent islands, Japan, showing the sampling localities of H. tsuensis (triangles), Hynobius sp. (inverse triangles), and H. nebulosus (circles) used for the morphological and microsatellite (SSR) analyses (open: morphological analysis, filled: both morphological and SSR analyses). Numbers correspond to pop no. in Table 2. The colored ranges indicate the distributional range of H. tsuensis (red, solid) and Hynobius sp. (blue, horizontal lines) in Tsushima Islands, and range of H. nebulosus (yellow, solid) in Kyushu. A dashed line in Tsushima Islands indicates the boundary between the northern (Kamijima) and southern islands (Shimojima), and a star in the Shimojima shows the center of Izuhara which is considered to be the type locality of H. tsuensis. A diamond in Kyushu indicates the type locality of H. nebulosus.
FIGURE 2 in Taxonomic reassessment of salamanders (genus Hynobius) from Tsushima Islands Japan, with a resurrection of Hynobius tagoi Dunn, 1923 (Amphibia: Caudata)
FIGURE 2. Character dimensions of egg-sac. Overall view of an egg-sac (A) and cross-sectional view at the middle portion (gray area) of the egg-sac (B).
FIGURE 14 in Taxonomic reassessment of salamanders (genus Hynobius) from Tsushima Islands Japan, with a resurrection of Hynobius tagoi Dunn, 1923 (Amphibia: Caudata)
FIGURE 14. Dorsal views and left side of the tail of male H. tsuensis showing color variation. A yellowish dorsum with blackish spots and a bright yellowish stripe on the tail (A: KUHE 58873 from Mitsushima); a blackish dorsum without clear spots or a bright yellowish stripe on the tail (B: KUHE 58869 from Kamitsushima); a dark brownish dorsum with rough blackish spots and a bright yellowish stripe on the tail (C: KUHE 60161 from Kamitsushima). A white bar shows 10 mm.
FIGURE 13. A in Taxonomic reassessment of salamanders (genus Hynobius) from Tsushima Islands Japan, with a resurrection of Hynobius tagoi Dunn, 1923 (Amphibia: Caudata)
FIGURE 13. A pair of egg sacs of H. tsuensis (A: KUHE 58986) from Kamitsushima, H. tagoi (Hynobius sp.) (B: KUHE 58669) from Kamitsushima, and H. nebulosus (C: KUHE 61872) from Nagasaki City. A white bar indicates 30 mm.
Data from: Egg predators improve the hatching success of salamander eggs
<p>A common challenge that oviparous animals face is securing survivorship during the vulnerable embryonic stage. One of the parental investment strategies to improve survivorship is providing physical structures to protect the embryos. In amphibians, there is a notable diversity in jelly-layer structures surrounding eggs. Previous studies show that these jelly layers provide eggs with protection against egg predators, egg pathogens, and desiccation. However, few studies examined the cost–benefit relationship of the jelly-layer structures. By using the predator–prey interaction between wood frog (<em>Lithobates sylvaticus</em>) tadpoles and spotted salamander (<em>Ambystoma maculatum</em>) eggs as a model system, we tested three hypotheses: (1) having the outer jelly layers would be costly to the embryos, (2) the relative benefit of the structural egg defense would become apparent and increase as the intensity of egg predation increases, and (3) a certain degree of predation would increase the hatching success of salamander embryos by mechanically thinning the thick outer jelly layers and increasing oxygen diffusion throughout an egg mass. To test these hypotheses, we conducted a factorial experiment in which we crossed four egg-predation levels with two jelly-layer conditions, intact or removed. We found that the jelly layers were essential in protecting spotted salamander embryos from wood frog tadpoles but that the associated cost was apparent in no-predation treatments. The differential survivorship between intact eggs and eggs without jelly layers showed that the fitness advantage of jelly layers increased as the level of predation increased. Finally, the hatching success of intact egg masses was highest under the high predation conditions. These results imply that the evolution of the jelly-layer thickness occurred under constant egg-predation pressure. Given this predator–prey coevolution, egg predators may play a critical role in improving the hatching success of salamander embryos under certain conditions.</p>
Data from: Parallel tagged amplicon sequencing reveals major lineages and phylogenetic structure in the North American tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum) species complex
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Clinging ability is related to particular aspects of foot morphology in salamanders
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Traversing the Great Lakes: Post-glacial colonization by a widespread terrestrial salamander
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Data from: Scale-dependent genetic structure of the Idaho giant salamander (Dicamptodon aterrimus) in stream networks
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Bioaccumulation of the pesticide Imidacloprid in stream organisms and sublethal effects in salamanders in West Virginia
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Data from: Trade-offs between water loss and gas exchange influence habitat suitability of a woodland salamander
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Abundance of Montane Salamanders over an elevational gradient
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Growth model used in Guzy et al. Increased growth rates of stream salamanders following forest harvesting
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Data from: Species tree reconstruction of a poorly resolved clade of salamanders (Ambystomatidae) using multiple nuclear loci
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Data from: The effects of inference method, population sampling and gene sampling on species tree inferences: an empirical study in slender salamanders (Plethodontidae: Batrachoseps)
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Data from: Multi-scale resistant kernel surfaces derived from inferred gene flow: An application with vernal pool breeding salamanders
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Data from: Sequence capture and next-generation sequencing of ultraconserved elements in a large-genome salamander
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Data from: Unexpected spatial population ecology of a widespread terrestrial salamander near its southern range edge
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Data from: Predator perception of Batesian mimicry and conspicuousness in a salamander
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