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4,529 results for “drosophila”
Data from: Does increased heat resistance result in higher susceptibility to predation? A test using (Drosophila melanogaster) selection and hardening
Heat resistance of ectotherms can be increased both by plasticity and evolution, but these effects may have trade-offs resulting from biotic interactions. Here we test for predation costs in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> populations with altered heat resistance produced by adult hardening and directional selection for increased heat resistance. In addition, we also tested for genetic trade-offs by testing heat resistance in lines that have evolved under increased predation risk. We show that while 35/37°C hardening increases heat resistance as expected, it does not increase predation risk from jumping spiders or mantids; in fact there was an indication that survival may have increased under predation following a triple 37°C compared to a single 35°C hardening treatment. Flies that survived a 39°C selection cycle showed lower survival under predation, suggesting a predation cost of exposure to a more severe heat stress. There was however no correlated response to selection because survival did not differ between control and selected lines after selection was relaxed for one or two generations. In addition, lines selected for increased predation risk did not differ in heat resistance. Our findings suggest independent evolutionary responses to predation and heat as measured in laboratory assays, and no costs of heat hardening on susceptibility to predation.
Data from: The role of aedeagus size and shape in failed mating interactions among recently diverged taxa in the Drosophila mojavensis species cluster
Background: Investigating the evolution of species-specific insect genitalia is central to understanding how morphological diversification contributes to reproductive isolation and lineage divergence. While many studies evoke some form of sexual selection to explain genitalia diversity, the basis of selection and the mechanism of heterospecific mate exclusion remains vague. I conducted reciprocal mate pair trials in the Drosophila mojavensis species cluster to quantify the frequency of failed insemination attempts, historically referred to as pseudocopulation, between lineages with discrete size and shape differences of the male aedeagus.ResultsIn cross-taxon matings aedeagus size had a significant effect on pseudocopulation frequencies, while aedeagus shape and genetic distance did not. The direction of the size difference was an important factor for successful mating. When females were mated to a cross-taxon male with a larger aedeagus than males from her own species, the pair could not establish a successful mating interaction. Females mated to cross-taxon males with a smaller aedeagus than conspecific males were able to establish the mating interaction but had issues disengaging at the end of the interaction.ConclusionsThe results of this study support a role for aedeagus size in the male-female mating interaction, with a secondary role for aedeagus shape. In natural populations, mating failure based on aedeagus size could serve as an important reproductive isolating mechanism resulting in failed insemination attempts after both the male and female show a willingness to mate.
Data from: DNA motifs are not general predictors of recombination in two Drosophila sister species.
Meiotic recombination is crucial for chromosomal segregation, and facilitates the spread of beneficial and removal of deleterious mutations. Recombination rates frequently vary along chromosomes and Drosophila melanogaster exhibits a remarkable pattern. Recombination rates gradually decrease towards centromeres and telomeres, with a dramatic impact on levels of variation in natural populations. Two close sister species, D. simulans and D. mauritiana do not only have higher recombination rates, but also exhibit a much more homogeneous recombination rate that only drops sharply very close to centromeres and telomeres. Because certain sequence motifs are associated with recombination rate variation in D. melanogaster, we tested whether the difference in recombination landscape between D. melanogaster and D. simulans can be explained by the genomic distribution of recombination-rate associated sequence motifs. We constructed the first high-resolution recombination map for D. simulans based on 189 haplotypes from a natural D. simulans population, and searched for short sequence motifs linked with higher than average recombination in both sister species. We identified five consensus motifs significantly associated with higher than average chromosome-wide recombination rates in at least one species and present in both. Testing fine resolution associations between motif density and recombination, we found strong and positive associations genome-wide over a range of scales in D. melanogaster, while the results were equivocal in D. simulans. Despite the strong association in D. melanogaster, we did not find a decreasing density of these short-repeat motifs towards centromeres and telomeres. We conclude that the density of recombination-associated repeat motifs cannot explain the large-scale recombination landscape in D. melanogaster, nor the differences to D. simulans. The strong association seen for the sequence motifs in D. melanogaster likely reflects their impact influencing local differences in recombination rates along the genome.
DrosophilaMuscleFunction: Dataset for Drosophila Muscle Function Studies
<p>This is the data and code at the time of publication of Hatfield et al. in Scientific Reports.</p>
Data for: Recovery of locomotion after injury in Drosophila melanogaster depends on proprioception
<p>Data and code for the publication Recovery of locomotion after injury in Drosophila melanogaster depends on proprioception in press at the Journal of Experimental Biology. See http://http://lab.debivort.org/recovery-of-locomotion-after-injury/ for descriptions of all files.</p>
FIGURES 14–20 in Drosophila bunnanda— a new species from northern Australia with notes on other Australian members of the montium subgroup (Diptera: Drosophilidae)
FIGURES 14–20. Distribution maps of Drosophila montium subgroup species in the Australasian Region. (14) Drosophila dominicana. (15) Drosophila montium subgroup species undissected and unclassified. (16) Drosophila kikkawai. (17) Drosophila sp. cf. jambulina. (18) Drosophila bunnanda (19) Drosophila birchii. (20) Drosophila serrata.
FIGURES 1–6 in Drosophila bunnanda— a new species from northern Australia with notes on other Australian members of the montium subgroup (Diptera: Drosophilidae)
FIGURES 1–6. Terminalia of Drosophila serrata (ex Yeppoon strain YS). (1) epandrium, caudal view; (2) epandrium, lateral view; (3) hypandrium, ventral view; (4) hypandrium, lateral view; (5) female ovipositor, lateral view; (6) female ovipositor, ventral view.
FIGURES 7–13 in Drosophila bunnanda— a new species from northern Australia with notes on other Australian members of the montium subgroup (Diptera: Drosophilidae)
FIGURES 7–13. Terminalia and male foreleg of Drosophila bunnanda (ex type strain LPX). (7) epandrium, caudal view; (8) epandrium, lateral view; (9) part of male foreleg showing sex comb; (10) hypandrium, ventral view; (11) hypandrium, lateral view; (12) female ovipositor, lateral view; (13) female ovipositor, ventral view.
FIGURE 3 in Drosophila sonorae (Diptera, Drosophilidae), a new species in the repleta species group from Mexico
FIGURE 3. Male genitalia in the longicornis cluster: (a) D. sonorae external male genitalia. Lateral aspect of aedeagus (at scale): (b) D. sonorae, (c) D. huckinsi, and (d) D. huichole.
FIGURE 2 in Drosophila sonorae (Diptera, Drosophilidae), a new species in the repleta species group from Mexico
FIGURE 2. Male abdomen: dorsal (a) and lateral (b) view of Drosophila sonorae; dorsal (c) and lateral (d) view of Drosophila longicornis.
FIGURE 1 in Drosophila sonorae (Diptera, Drosophilidae), a new species in the repleta species group from Mexico
FIGURE 1. Drosophila sonorae: a) dorsal view male thorax; b) pupal horns, one of the largest in the genus Drosophila.
FIGURE 3 in Review of the spoon tarsus subgroup of Hawaiian Drosophila (Drosophilidae: Diptera), with a description of one new species
FIGURE 3. Wings of selected species a) D. atroscutellata, b) D. sordidapex, c) D. conformis, d) D. dasycnemia, and e) D. waddingtoni.
FIGURE 2 in Review of the spoon tarsus subgroup of Hawaiian Drosophila (Drosophilidae: Diptera), with a description of one new species
FIGURE 2. Fore-legs of selected males a) D. atroscutellata, b) D. dasycnemia, c) D. conformis, d) D. incognita, and e) D. percnosoma.
FIGURE 1. The phylogenetic relationships between the major Hawaiian Drosophila groups. a in Review of the spoon tarsus subgroup of Hawaiian Drosophila (Drosophilidae: Diptera), with a description of one new species
FIGURE 1. The phylogenetic relationships between the major Hawaiian Drosophila groups. a) phylogeny of species groups based on internal morphology (Throckmorton 1966), b) phylogeny of species groups based on molecular data (Bonacum 2001).
FIGURE 9. Drosophila pilipa. A in New species of Hawaiian picture wing Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with a key to species
FIGURE 9. Drosophila pilipa. A. Male head, lateral view (ptilinum protruding slightly). B. Male head, dorsal view. C. Female head, lateral view. D. Male wing. E. Female wing, posteroapical portion. F. Egg.
FIGURE 6. Drosophila opuhe. A in New species of Hawaiian picture wing Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with a key to species
FIGURE 6. Drosophila opuhe. A. Right front leg of male, dorsal view. B. Wing. C. Male epandrium and cercus, lateral view. D. Drosophila montgomeryi epandrium and cercus, lateral view. E. Drosophila pisonia cercus, lateral view.
FIGURE 7. Drosophila oreas. A in New species of Hawaiian picture wing Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with a key to species
FIGURE 7. Drosophila oreas. A. Right front leg of male, anteroventral view. B. Wing. C. Male terminalia, lateral view. D. Left palp of male, dorsal view.
FIGURE 2. Drosophila kinoole. A in New species of Hawaiian picture wing Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with a key to species
FIGURE 2. Drosophila kinoole. A. Right front leg of male, anterior view. B. Wing. C. Left palp of male, lateral (edge-on) view.
FIGURE 1. Drosophila kikiko. A in New species of Hawaiian picture wing Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with a key to species
FIGURE 1. Drosophila kikiko. A. Right front leg of male, anterior view. B. Wing. C. Thorax, lateral view. D. Drosophila aglaia thorax, lateral view.
FIGURE 3. Drosophila lanaiensis. A in New species of Hawaiian picture wing Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with a key to species
FIGURE 3. Drosophila lanaiensis. A. Right front leg of Lāna'i male, anterior view. B. Male wing. C. Wing of type female (Lāna'i) in BMNH. D. Wing of recent female from 'Īao Valley, Maui.
ScienceDex guides
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.