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opencc-zeroMar 2022View details →

Supplementary material 1 from: Fernandes N, Ferreira EM, Pita R, Mira A, Santos SM (2022) The effect of habitat reduction by roads on space use and movement patterns of an endangered species, the Cabrera vole Microtus cabrerae. In: Santos S, Grilo C, Shilling F, Bhardwaj M, Papp CR (Eds) Linear Infrastructure Networks with Ecological Solutions. Nature Conservation 47: 177-196. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.47.71864

The effect of habitat encroachment by roads on space use and movement patterns of an endangered vole

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Data from: Population genomics of Sitka black-tailed deer supports invasive species management and ecological restoration on islands

<p>Invasive mammals represent a critical threat to island biodiversity; eradications can result in ecological restoration yet may fail in the absence of key population parameters. Over-browsing by invasive Sitka black-tailed deer (<em>Odocoileus hemionus sitkensis</em>) is causing severe ecological and cultural impacts across the Haida Gwaii archipelago (Canada). Previous eradication attempts demonstrate forest regeneration upon deer removal, but reinvasion reverses conservation gains. Here we use restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (12,947 SNPs) to investigate connectivity and gene flow of invasive deer (n=181) across 15 islands, revealing little structure throughout Haida Gwaii and identifying the large, central island of Moresby (>2,600 km2) as the greatest source of migrants. As a result, the archipelago itself should be considered the primary eradication unit, with the exception of geographically isolated islands like SGang Gwaay. Thus, limiting eradications to isolated islands combined with controlled culling and enhanced biosecurity may be the most effective strategies for achieving ecological restoration goals.</p>

opencc-zeroDec 2021View details →

Figure 1. Scaphander gracilis Watson, 1883 in Revisiting the deep-sea Atlantic gastropod species Scaphander gracilis Watson, 1883 (Gastropoda: Cephalaspidea: Scaphandridae): first data on its anatomy, systematics, and ecology

Figure 1. Scaphander gracilis Watson, 1883. (a) apertural (left), adpertural (right), apical (bottom) views of shell from south off Flores Island, Azores, lectotype, NHMUK 1887.2.9.2183–6, H = 13.5 mm (images courtesy of the NHMUK photographic unit). (b) apertural (left), adpertural (right), apical (bottom) views of shell from south of São Miguel Island, Azores, paralectotype, NHMUK 1887.2.9.2187 − 8, H = 13.0 mm (images courtesy of the NHMUK photographic unit). (c) apertural (left), adpertural (right), apical (bottom) views of shell from between São Miguel and Santa Maria Islands, Azores, DBUA 1630, H = 20 mm. (d) stereo microscope image of the sculpture of the shell illustrated in C. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Figure 4 in Revisiting the deep-sea Atlantic gastropod species Scaphander gracilis Watson, 1883 (Gastropoda: Cephalaspidea: Scaphandridae): first data on its anatomy, systematics, and ecology

Figure 4. Bayesian phylogenetic tree based on partial sequences of the COI gene. Figures on nodes are posterior probabilities, scale bar refers to branch lengths. The tree was rooted using the species Bulla vernicosa.

Figure 3 in Revisiting the deep-sea Atlantic gastropod species Scaphander gracilis Watson, 1883 (Gastropoda: Cephalaspidea: Scaphandridae): first data on its anatomy, systematics, and ecology

Figure 3. Scanning electron micrographs of foraminifera taken from the gut content of Scaphander gracilis (DBUA 1630, H = 20 mm). (a–b) agglutinating foraminifera; (c−j) calcareous foraminifera. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Figure 2 in Revisiting the deep-sea Atlantic gastropod species Scaphander gracilis Watson, 1883 (Gastropoda: Cephalaspidea: Scaphandridae): first data on its anatomy, systematics, and ecology

Figure 2. Anatomical details of Scaphander gracilis Watson, 1883 (DBUA 1630, H = 20 mm). (a) radula; (b) rachidian tooth; (c) denticulation of the inner edge of lateral teeth; (d) anterior part of digestive tract; (e) gizzard plates, inner side of the paired plates and lateral view of the unpaired plate; (f) male reproductive system; (g) lining of the penial chamber. bb, buccal bulb; c, crop; go, genital opening; m, mouth; o, oesophagus; p, prostate; pc, penial chamber; pd, prostatic duct; pgp, paired gizzard plates; sg, salivary gland; ugp, unpaired gizzard plate. Scale bars: A, G = 200 µm; B, C = 20 µm; D, F = 1 mm; E = 2 mm.

Figure 5 in Revisiting the deep-sea Atlantic gastropod species Scaphander gracilis Watson, 1883 (Gastropoda: Cephalaspidea: Scaphandridae): first data on its anatomy, systematics, and ecology

Figure 5. Distribution of Scaphander gracilis, based on reliable literature records (shells) and newly sampled material (complete specimen).

opennotspecifiedOct 2019View details →

Distribution. Known from two localities in SW Ecuador (El Oro Province); more recently, it has been recorded in the Pacific coast of Colombia (Choco and Valle del Cauca departments), and NW Peru (Tumbes Department). Known distribution is changing as existing specimens from NW South America (listed as S. Lilium parvidens) are reidentified as this species; new geographic and ecological information is being gathered in the process, and it could be locally common at some specific habitats. in Phyllostomidae

Distribution. Known from two localities in SW Ecuador (El Oro Province); more recently, it has been recorded in the Pacific coast of Colombia (Choco and Valle del Cauca departments), and NW Peru (Tumbes Department). Known distribution is changing as existing specimens from NW South America (listed as S. Lilium parvidens) are reidentified as this species; new geographic and ecological information is being gathered in the process, and it could be locally common at some specific habitats.

Figure 9 in Is mimicry a diversification-driver in ants? Biogeography, ecology, ethology, genetics and morphology define a second West-Palaearctic Colobopsis species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Figure 9. Above: distribution map of Colobopsis samples examined – countries where Colobopsis presence is known from the literature are highlighted in grey. Below: approximate distributions of other Camponotini (Camponotus barbaricus, of C. micans and of C. ruber) which resemble that of CSL Colobopsis.

Figure 10. Colobopsis imitans. A, B, E in Is mimicry a diversification-driver in ants? Biogeography, ecology, ethology, genetics and morphology define a second West-Palaearctic Colobopsis species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Figure 10. Colobopsis imitans. A, B, E, worker (holotypus); C, D, F, G, soldier (specimen from the type locality). Scale bars: 0.5 mm. Pictures also available on AntWeb.org database, specimen codes: ANTWEB1041481 and ANTWEB1041482.

Figure 5 in Is mimicry a diversification-driver in ants? Biogeography, ecology, ethology, genetics and morphology define a second West-Palaearctic Colobopsis species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Figure 5. Principal component analyses of morphometric data of Colobopsis nest samples according to the two clusters evidenced by NC-PART clustering. Each small dot represents a colony sample. Large dots represent centroids.

Figure 6 in Is mimicry a diversification-driver in ants? Biogeography, ecology, ethology, genetics and morphology define a second West-Palaearctic Colobopsis species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Figure 6. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree based on the barcode fragment of the mtCOI gene from the Colobopsis specimens sequenced.

Figure 4 in Is mimicry a diversification-driver in ants? Biogeography, ecology, ethology, genetics and morphology define a second West-Palaearctic Colobopsis species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Figure 4. Dendrogram comparing the results of 'kmeans', and 'hclust' in NC Clustering of Colobopsis morphometric raw data. Two samples (4.5% of the total) are misplaced by both the dendrogram and one of the partitioning analyses, NC-part. kmeans; partially different samples being affected in each of the three analyses. The other partitioning analysis, NC-part. hclust returned the same sample assignment as the LDA did.

Figure 3 in Is mimicry a diversification-driver in ants? Biogeography, ecology, ethology, genetics and morphology define a second West-Palaearctic Colobopsis species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Figure 3. Chromatic ratios calculated from pictures of the Colobopsis CSL and DQL patterns and from pictures of the two putative model species Cr. scutellaris and D. quadripunctatus (N = 2 0 for each species or chromatic form). Boxplots show mean and standard deviation, while whiskers represent minimum and maximum values. Dots correspond to measured individuals. Their dispersal on the X-axis is a randomized graphic effect to avoid overlaps.

Figure 2 in Is mimicry a diversification-driver in ants? Biogeography, ecology, ethology, genetics and morphology define a second West-Palaearctic Colobopsis species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Figure 2. Type material of the described West-Palaearctic Colobopsis, all showing to the 'D. quadripunctatus-like' pattern. A, holotype queen of Colobopsis truncata from Liguria, Italy, preserved at the Turin Natural History Museum (Italy). B, syntype worker of Colobopsis fuscipes from Austria (picture from AntWeb.org, FOCOL2496; photographer: Christiana Klingenberg), preserved at the Museum für Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universität Berlin (Berlin, Germany). Note that the queen's red colour in the anterior heavily sculptured part of the phragmotic head is not relevant to evaluating its chromatic pattern. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figure 11. Colobopsis imitans. A, B, E, F in Is mimicry a diversification-driver in ants? Biogeography, ecology, ethology, genetics and morphology define a second West-Palaearctic Colobopsis species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Figure 11. Colobopsis imitans. A, B, E, F, queen; C, D, G, male. Specimens from the type locality. Scale bars: 0.5 mm. Pictures also available on AntWeb.org database, specimen codes: ANTWEB1041483 and ANTWEB1041484.

Figure 8 in Is mimicry a diversification-driver in ants? Biogeography, ecology, ethology, genetics and morphology define a second West-Palaearctic Colobopsis species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Figure 8. Trail-following behaviour on Crematogaster scutellaris trails by other ants (indicated with arrows). On the left (A, C, E) CSL Colobopsis; on the right (B, D, F) Camponotus lateralis observed in the same locality performing the same behaviour (photos taken in Palermo (Sicily) during field surveys).

Figure 12 in Is mimicry a diversification-driver in ants? Biogeography, ecology, ethology, genetics and morphology define a second West-Palaearctic Colobopsis species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Figure 12. Male genitalia of Colobopsis imitans in ventral and dorsal view, specimen from the type locality. Scale bars = 0.25 mm.

Figure 1 in Is mimicry a diversification-driver in ants? Biogeography, ecology, ethology, genetics and morphology define a second West-Palaearctic Colobopsis species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Figure 1. The model species and the two detected chromatic model patterns of Colobopsis: A, Crematogaster scutellaris; B, CSL Colobopsis from Sicily; C, Dolichoderus quadripunctatus from Tuscany; D, DQL Colobopsis from Tuscany.