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FIGURE 14 in Two Seira Lubbock 1869 (Collembola, Arthropleona, Entomobryidae) new to science, with remarkable secondary sexual characters
FIGURE 14. Seira mantis sp. n., tibio tarsal apex showing the tenent hairs, and foot complex; a — first foot complex; b — second foot complex; c — third foot complex.
FIGURE 9 in Two Seira Lubbock 1869 (Collembola, Arthropleona, Entomobryidae) new to science, with remarkable secondary sexual characters
FIGURE 9. Seira raptora sp. n. general chaetotaxy; a — meso and meta thoracic segments, and first abdominal segment, SEM 650x, bar 20µm; b — second abdominal segment, SEM 1000x, bar 20 m; c— third abdominal segment, SEM 950x, bar 10µm; d — fourth abdominal segment, SEM 500x, bar 100 m.
FIGURE 8. Macrochaetae distribution, a — S in Two Seira Lubbock 1869 (Collembola, Arthropleona, Entomobryidae) new to science, with remarkable secondary sexual characters
FIGURE 8. Macrochaetae distribution, a — S. raptora sp. n.; b — S. mantis sp. n. Schematic representation according to Christiansen and Bellinger (1998, 2000) modified from Jacquemart, 1974.
FIGURE 5 in Two Seira Lubbock 1869 (Collembola, Arthropleona, Entomobryidae) new to science, with remarkable secondary sexual characters
FIGURE 5. Seira raptora sp. n., third foot complex, a— basal tooth bigger than medial and apical teeth; b — tenent hair capitate and ciliate; SEM 3300x, bar length 10 m.
FIGURE 6 in Two Seira Lubbock 1869 (Collembola, Arthropleona, Entomobryidae) new to science, with remarkable secondary sexual characters
FIGURE 6. Seira raptora sp. n., femur of the male left first leg; a — femur lateral view showing the femoral ventral broadening with spines in the apex, SEM 370x; b — close of the file of spines at the ventral distal apex of the femur, SEM 1150x.
FIGURE 4 in Two Seira Lubbock 1869 (Collembola, Arthropleona, Entomobryidae) new to science, with remarkable secondary sexual characters
FIGURE 4. Seira raptora sp. n., labial triangle, showing seta r normal and smooth, M12 and E feathered; SEM 1650x.
FIGURE 13. Secondary gonopore. A in Revision of the genus Polymerus (Heteroptera: Miridae) in the Eastern Hemisphere. Part 1: Subgenera Polymerus, Pachycentrum subgen. nov. and new genus Dichelocentrum gen. nov.
FIGURE 13. Secondary gonopore. A, Polymerus (Pachycentrum) nigrita; B, P. (Poeciloscytus) unifasciatus; C, Charagochilus gyllenhalii; D, Proboscidocoris fuliginosus; E, Pr. nitidus; F, Dichelocentrum longirostre. lsc—left serrate carina; sgp—subgonoporal plate.
FIGURE 1. Calystegia brummitti. A. Stem. B. Primary bracteole. C. Secondary bracteole. D. Outer sepals. E. Inner sepals. F. Stamen. G in Three new species of Convolvulaceae Juss. from South America
FIGURE 1. Calystegia brummitti. A. Stem. B. Primary bracteole. C. Secondary bracteole. D. Outer sepals. E. Inner sepals. F. Stamen. G. Gynoecium (A—G: P.P.A. Ferreira et al. 375).
How Tertiary Studies perform Quality Assessment of Secondary Studies in Software Engineering - Replication Package
<p>Replication Package for the paper:</p> <p>D. Costal, C. Farré, X. Franch, C. Quer. 2021. How Tertiary Studies perform Quality Assessment of Secondary Studies in Software Engineering. CIbSE 2021.</p> <p>Please refer to the above paper if you want to cite/use this data.</p>
Data from: Phylogeography of the Neotropical epiphytic orchid, Brassavola nodosa: evidence for a secondary contact zone in northwestern Costa Rica
Spatial patterns of genetic variation can reveal otherwise cryptic evolutionary and landscape processes. In northwestern Costa Rica, an approximately concordant genetic discontinuity occurs among populations of several plant species. We conducted phylogeographic analyses of an epiphytic orchid, Brassavola nodosa, to test for genetic discontinuity and to explore its underlying causes. We genotyped 18 populations with 19 nuclear loci and two non-coding chloroplast sequence regions. We estimated genetic diversity and structure, relative importance of pollen and seed dispersal, and divergence time to understand how genetic diversity was spatially partitioned. Nuclear genetic diversity was high with little differentiation among populations (GSTn = 0.065). In contrast, chloroplast haplotypes were highly structured (GSTc = 0.570) and reveal a discontinuity between northwestern and southeastern populations within Costa Rica. Haplotype differences suggest two formerly isolated lineages that diverged approximately 10,000-100,000 YBP. Haplotype mixing and greater genetic diversity occur in an intermediate transition zone. Patterns of nuclear and chloroplast data were consistent. Different levels of genetic differentiation for the two genomes reflect the relative effectiveness of biotic versus abiotic dispersers of pollen and seeds. Isolation of the two lineages likely resulted from the complex environmental and geophysical history of the region. Our results suggest a recent cryptic seed dispersal barrier and/or zone of secondary contact. We hypothesize that powerful northeasterly trade winds hinder movement of wind-borne seeds between the two regions, while the multi-directional dispersal of pollen by strong-flying sphinx moths resulted in lower differentiation of nuclear loci.
Far Eastern Curlew and Whimbrel prefer flying low: wind support and good visibility appear only secondary factors in determining migratory flight altitude
<p><b>Background:</b> In-flight conditions are hypothesized to influence the timing and success of long-distance migration. Wind assistance and thermal uplift are thought to reduce the energetic costs of flight, humidity, air pressure and temperature may affect the migrants' water balance, and clouds may impede navigation. Recent advances in animal-borne long-distance tracking enable evaluating the importance of these factors in determining animals' flight altitude.</p> <p><b>Methods:</b> Here we determine the effects of wind, humidity, temperature, cloud cover, and altitude (as proxy for climbing costs and air pressure) on flight altitude selection of two long-distance migratory shorebirds, far eastern curlew (<i>Numenius madagascariensis</i>) and whimbrel (<i>Numenius phaeopus</i>). To reveal the predominant drivers of flight altitude selection during migration we compared the atmospheric conditions at the altitude the birds were found flying with conditions elsewhere in the air column using conditional logistic mixed effect models.</p> <p><b>Results:</b> Our results demonstrate that despite occasional high-altitude migrations (up to 5,550 m above ground level), our study species typically forego flying at high altitudes, limiting climbing costs and potentially alleviating water loss and facilitating navigation. While mainly migrating at low altitude, the birds also preferred flying with wind support to likely reduce flight costs, and avoided clouds, which would help navigation and reduce the risks from adverse weather.</p> <p><b>Conclusions:</b> We conclude that the primary determinant of avian migrant's flight altitude selection is a preference for low altitude with wind support as an important secondary factor. Our approach and findings can assist in predicting climate change effects on migration and in mitigating bird strikes with air traffic, wind farms, power lines, and other human-made structures.</p>
The transcription factor PagLBD3 contributes to the regulation of secondary growth in Populus
<p>Lateral organ boundaries domain (LBD) genes encode plant-specific transcription factors that participate in regulating various developmental processes. In this study, we genetically characterized PagLBD3 as an important regulator of secondary growth in Populus. Overexpression of PagLBD3 increased stem secondary growth in Populus with significantly higher rate of cambial cells differentiated into phloem, while dominant repression of PagLBD3 significantly decreased the rate of cambial cells differentiated into phloem. Furthermore, we identified 1756 PagLBD3 genome-wide putative direct target genes (DTGs) through RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) coupled DNA affinity purification followed by sequencing (DAP-seq) assays. Gene Ontology analysis revealed that genes regulated by PagLBD3 were enriched in biological pathways regulating meristem development, xylem development, and auxin transport. Several central regulator genes for vascular development, including phloem intercalated with xylem (PXY), wuschel related homeobox4 (WOX4), Secondary Wall-Associated NAC Domain 1s (SND1-B2) and Vascular-Related NAC-Domain 6s (VND6-B1), were identified as PagLBD3 DTGs. Together, our results suggested that PagLBD3 and its DTGs form a complex transcriptional network to modulate cambium activity and phloem/xylem differentiation.</p>
FIGURE 17 in Phylogeny of the tribe Archipini (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Tortricinae) and evolutionary correlates of novel secondary sexual structures
FIGURE 17. Hindwing base of male Choristoneura parallela showing modifed scales. JD0600: USA: FL: Osceola N. F.: 19 vi 2006: JJD, et al.
FIGURES 11–12 in Phylogeny of the tribe Archipini (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Tortricinae) and evolutionary correlates of novel secondary sexual structures
FIGURES 11–12. Morphological features of Archipini. 11. Antennal notch of male Pandemis canadana Kearfott, 1905 indicated by arrow. JD6757: CAN: AB: Edmonton: 01 viii 2009: JJD, et al. 12. Anterior thoracic scale tufts of male Syndemis afflictana indicated by arrows. JD4282: CAN: AB: North Cooking Lake: 17 v 2008: JJD, et al.
FIGURES 13–14 in Phylogeny of the tribe Archipini (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Tortricinae) and evolutionary correlates of novel secondary sexual structures
FIGURES 13–14. Morphological features of Archipini. 13. Hair pencil posterior of procoxa in male of Lozotaenia hesperia. JD1047: CAN: AB: Jasper N. P.: 27 vi 2006: B. C. Schmidt & G. A. Anweiler. 14. Base of male abdomen of Pandemis canadana showing modified scales. JD6054: CAN: AB: Bindloss: 23 vii 2008: JJD & B. Proshek.
FIGURE 9 in Phylogeny of the tribe Archipini (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Tortricinae) and evolutionary correlates of novel secondary sexual structures
FIGURE 9. Archips group summary tree of phylogenetic analyses. Clades are numbered in bold to the right of their respective nodes. Numerical values above and below branches are maximum parsimony bootstrap, maximum likelihood bootstrap, and Bayesian posterior probabilities, respectively (COI above, COI+28S rDNA below). "+" = a clade with less than 50% bootstrap support or posterior probability, "0" = a clade is part of a polytomy, and "-" = a clade contradicted by tree topology. Specimen photos are absent when no specimens were available for examination..
FIGURES 15–16 in Phylogeny of the tribe Archipini (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Tortricinae) and evolutionary correlates of novel secondary sexual structures
FIGURES 15–16. Morphological features of Archipini. 15. Male genitalia and modified pregenital sternite (indicated by arrow) of Pandemis canadana. JD6054: CAN: AB: Bindloss: 23 vii 2008: JJD & B. Proshek. 16. Male genitalia of Clepsis consimilana with arrows indicating modified socketed scales (s) and incomplete dentate transtilla (t). FRANCE: Massif des Maures: 19 vi 2009: T. M. Gilligan
FIGURE 8 in Phylogeny of the tribe Archipini (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Tortricinae) and evolutionary correlates of novel secondary sexual structures
FIGURE 8. Choristoneura group summary tree of phylogenetic analyses. Clades are numbered in bold to the right of their respective nodes. Numerical values above and below branches are maximum parsimony bootstrap, maximum likelihood bootstrap, and Bayesian posterior probabilities, respectively (COI above, COI+28S rDNA below). "+" = a clade with less than 50% bootstrap support or posterior probability, "0" = a clade is part of a polytomy, and "-" = a clade contradicted by tree topology. Specimen photos are absent when no specimens were available for examination.
FIGURE 18 in Phylogeny of the tribe Archipini (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Tortricinae) and evolutionary correlates of novel secondary sexual structures
FIGURE 18. Tree with zoogeography mapped under likelihood ancestral character state reconstructions. Branch colours represent relative likelihoods of zoogeographic origin.
FIGURE 6 in Phylogeny of the tribe Archipini (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Tortricinae) and evolutionary correlates of novel secondary sexual structures
FIGURE 6. Argyrotaenia group summary tree of phylogenetic analyses. Clades are numbered in bold to the right of their respective nodes. Numerical values above and below branches are maximum parsimony bootstrap, maximum likelihood bootstrap, and Bayesian posterior probabilities, respectively (COI above, COI+28S rDNA below). "+" = a clade with less than 50% bootstrap support or posterior probability, "0" = a clade is part of a polytomy, and "-" = a clade contradicted by tree topology.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
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