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Soil Organic Matter Mechanisms of Stabilization (SOMMOS) - enhanced soil characterization data from 40 National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) sites
Soil organic matter (SOM) is a critical linkage among many ecosystem services that sustain our society and life on Earth. It is the primary energy source for microbes and the principal storehouse of water necessary for plant growth. SOM also stores nutrients for plants and sorbs pollutants that otherwise could contaminate food and water supplies. Soils also help regulate climate by storing carbon that would otherwise be released to the atmosphere and contribute to climate change. The SOMMOS project investigated processes in the soil that protect SOM from being decomposed by microbes, processes that increase its sensitivity to environmental changes, and how changes in climate and land management influence the amount and stability of SOM. The project, which was a collaboration between scientists from the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON), University of Colorado, University of Michigan, Oregon State University, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, and the USDA-Forest Service, took advantage of soil samples collected across NEON, a major NSF investment in environmental monitoring that covers the entire United States. This continental-scale soil sample set was analyzed for a wide array of physical and chemical properties, well beyond those typically measured on such a large-scale sample set, including radiocarbon, extractable metals, organic matter chemistry by pyrolysis-GCMS, liquid extract fluorescence spectroscopy, and more. In addition to this dataset, archived samples are available from the project for sharing with interested researchers.
Bird surveys in French Broad River Basin, North Carolina, 2014
This dataset includes counts of birds from surveys conducted in the French Broad River Basin in western North Carolina, USA. This basin is in the Southern Appalachian Mountains. Data were collected to examine the spatial and seasonal supply of biodiversity-based cultural ecosystem services (CES), in this case, nature study through birdwatching. The data includes bird species observed at 69 sites on public and private lands during the period 2014-04-01 to 2014-08-08. Bird species were categorized with respect to migration status, level of conservation concern (both based on literature), and relative abundance in the study region (based on eBird data). Environmental data for 56 sites are provided: elevation, early season precipitation, mean summer temperature, land cover diversity, tree cover, vegetation structural diversity, vegetation annual productivity, and building density at local and landscape scales. Graves et al. (2019, doi:10.1007/s13280-018-1068-1) used these data to analyze seasonal shifts in birdwatching supply and how those shifts impacted public access to projected birdwatching hotspots. Landscape patterns of CES supply differed substantially among five CES indicators (total bird species richness, and richness of migratory, infrequent, synanthrope, and resident species). For example, total species richness hotspots seldom overlapped with hotspots of migratory or infrequent species. Public access to CES hotspots varied seasonally. This study suggests that simple, static biodiversity metrics may overlook spatial dynamics important to CES users.
Concentration of dissolved organic carbon in water samples taken from the Upper Clark Fork River (Montana, USA) during water year 2020 (1 Oct 2019 - 30 Sep 2020)
These data were collected to support monitoring of the Upper Clark Fork River restoration, and data collection was funded by the US NSF Long Term Research in Environmental Biology (LTREB) program and the US NSF EPSCoR funded Montana Consortium for Research on Environmental Water Systems. The LTREB monitoring project consists of monthly or bi-weekly water quality monitoring across a 200-km restoration gradient contaminated by historic mining practices to monitor inorganic phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations, biotic standing stocks, and heavy metal contamination. The original analytical intent for these data was to assess the response of river dissolved organic carbon to the floodplain restoration. Data are Aurora Total Organic Carbon combustion analyses of the concentration of organic carbon dissolved in filtered samples of well-mixed river thalweg water. Data are from the 2020 water year (1 Oct 2019 to 30 Sep 2020). Data were collected on the Upper Clark Fork River (USGS HUC 17010201) at project sites distributed along the river from the vicinity of Anaconda to Missoula, Montana, USA.
Monitoring O. mykiss Life Stages on the Stanislaus River 2021-2025
This study is designed to partly address steelhead conservation measures outlined in the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation's Proposed Action for the Long-Term Operation of the CVP. This effort is funded under the Central Valley Project Improvement Act (CVPIA) authority Provision 3046 (g)(4), which states the primary purpose of this effort shall be to support the Secretary's efforts in fulfilling the requirements of this title through improved scientific understanding concerning, but not limited to, measures needed to restore anadromous fisheries to optimum and sustainable levels in accordance with the restored carrying capacities of Central Valley rivers, streams, and riparian habitats. Conceptual and quantitative work described in this report encompass multiple O. mykiss life-stages and transitions among life stages. The geographic scope of the report includes the Lower Stanislaus River, extending from Goodwin Dam down to the confluence of the San Joaquin River. The goal of this study is to develop a framework for monitoring life stages, and transitions among life stages, to quantify how water project operations and environmental variation influence life history expression, abundance, and population productivity. Data is recorded in a combination of paper to computer files and electronic-only files. Annual reports summarize the survey findings. While this project is ongoing, this is a completed dataset for the collection sessions performed in the years 2021- 2025.
Evidence of alliesthesia during a neighborhood thermal walk in a hot and dry city (Phoenix, Arizona)
Thermal comfort should be an integral part of urban design in the context of global warming and urbanization. The influence of built infrastructure on thermal perceptions of walking pedestrians is not well explored, but thermal walks that combine sensing technologies with simultaneous collection of user experiences is a promising research direction to shorten the gap. We examined the relationships between the built environment, heat perception, and behavioral coping mechanisms in one of the most heat vulnerable Phoenix neighborhoods. Using Phoenix as an example, where extremely hot summer temperatures are becoming a norm, can help to address heat challenges of other cities that are facing rising temperatures. This study is an experimental citizen science project in which participants were surveyed during a 1-hour walk around the neighborhood and recorded their experience in a field guide. Walkers wore GPS devices and microclimate measurements were taken to gain deeper insights on subjective heat perception and physical body heat accumulation during the walk. Results revealed the differences in heat perception across a variety of urban landscapes. Participants identified preferred and most challenging locations. Combined GPS and microclimate data mapped in GIS visualized dependencies between the streetscape, microclimate, and thermal perceptions. Moreover, we presented the evidence of thermal alliesthesia, a feeling of pleasure from relieving of thermal discomfort. This project is one of the first to examine the impact of urban environment on dynamic psychological and physiological responses to heat. Using sensing technologies and collecting subjective perceptions, this research will inform the design changes in the neighborhood that will undergo redevelopment. It can serve as an example for other cities striving to adapt urban microclimates to new extremes.
Time series of carbon dioxide and methane fluxes measured with eddy covariance for Falling Creek Reservoir in southwestern Virginia, USA during 2020-2025
We measured carbon dioxide and methane flux exchange with the atmosphere at the deepest site of Falling Creek Reservoir (Vinton, Virginia, USA) every 30 minutes from 04 April 2020 to 31 December 2025. Falling Creek Reservoir is a drinking water supply reservoir owned and managed by the Western Virginia Water Authority (WVWA) as a primary drinking water source. The dataset consists of micrometeorological and flux data collected using an eddy covariance system (LiCor Biosciences, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA) and analyzed with associated Eddy Pro software (Eddy Pro Version 7.0.6), including carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor. All analysis scripts are included for data processing and quality assurance/quality control following best practices.
Time series of high-frequency sensor data measuring water temperature, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, specific conductance, total dissolved solids, chlorophyll a, phycocyanin, turbidity, and fluorescent dissolved organic matter at discrete depths in Carvins Cove Reservoir, Virginia, USA in 2020-2025
We monitored water quality in Carvins Cove Reservoir (Roanoke, Virginia, USA; 37.3697 -79.958) with high-frequency (10-minute) sensors in 2020-2025. Carvins Cove Reservoir is owned and managed by the Western Virginia Water Authority as a primary drinking water source. This data package consists of datasets from two separate deployments. First, from July 2020 - August 2021, depth profiles of water temperature were measured on 1-meter intervals using HOBO temperature pendant loggers deployed from 0.1 m below the surface of the reservoir to 10 m depth, and also at 15 and 20 m depth. Additionally, water temperature was measured in the Sawmill Branch inflow at 0.5 m depth using HOBO temperature pendant loggers. Second, from 9 April 2021 - 31 December 2025, depth profiles of water temperature were measured on 1-meter intervals from 0.1 m below the surface of the reservoir to 11 m depth and additionally at 15 and 19 m. A YSI EXO2 sonde measured water temperature, conductivity, specific conductance, chlorophyll a, phycocyanin, total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen, and fluorescent dissolved organic matter at ~1.5 m depth. A YSI EXO3 sonde measured water temperature, conductivity, specific conductance, total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen, and fluorescent dissolved organic matter at ~9 m depth, which corresponds to the depth of a water outtake valve. The thermistors, EXO3 sonde, and pressure sensor were deployed at stationary, fixed elevations (referred to as positions) deployed off of the dam near the water outtake valves. Due to variable water levels in the reservoir, the depths of these sensors varied over time. In contrast, the EXO2 was deployed on a buoy from 2021-2022 and remained at 1.5 m depth as the water level fluctuated. However, in 2023, the buoy disappeared in a storm, and after that the EXO2 was deployed at a stationary elevation as the water level fluctuated around the sensor. The EXO2 was redeployed on the buoy in 2024. The monitoring site's maximum de
Time series of methane and carbon dioxide diffusive fluxes using an Ultraportable Greenhouse Gas Analyzer (UGGA) for Falling Creek Reservoir and Beaverdam Reservoir in southwestern Virginia, USA during 2018-2025
Diffusive fluxes of methane and carbon dioxide were measured using an Ultraportable Greenhouse Gas Analyzer (UGGA) at the surface of Falling Creek Reservoir (FCR) and Beaverdam Reservoir (BVR; Vinton, Virginia, USA). FCR and BVR are owned and operated by the Western Virginia Water Authority as drinking water sources for Roanoke, Virginia. The dataset consists of calculated diffusive fluxes of methane and carbon dioxide measured at the deepest site of the reservoir adjacent to the dam (2018–2025) and additional reservoir upstream sites in FCR (2018, 2023) and BVR (2022). In 2025, two littoral sites were measured at the northernmost wetland inflow to FCR. Measurements were collected approximately fortnightly in FCR throughout the summer stratified periods of 2018–2021 and 2023-2025, while measurements from BVR were only taken in 2018 and 2022-2024.
Time series of high-frequency meteorological data at Carvins Cove Reservoir, Virginia, USA 2021-2025
This dataset consists of variables measured by a research-grade Campbell Scientific meteorological station deployed on the dam of Carvins Cove Reservoir. Carvins Cove Reservoir (Roanoke, Virginia, USA; 37.36944, -79.95778), is owned and operated by the Western Virginia Water Authority as a primary water source. The meteorological variables include photosynthetically active radiation, barometric pressure, ambient air temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, wind speed and direction, shortwave radiation, infrared radiation, and albedo. All variables were measured every minute from 2021-03-29 19:00:00 to the end of the dataset at 2025-12-31 23:59:00, except for periods of maintenance. We applied extensive quality assurance/quality control protocols to the observations, as described in the methods. The dataset is accompanied by a sensor maintenance log and quality assurance/quality control analysis scripts.
Multispectral absorbance and fluorescence analysis of dissolved organic carbon in water samples taken from the Upper Clark Fork River (Montana, USA) during water years 2017 and 2018 (1 Oct 2016 - 30 Sep 2018)
The Upper Clark Fork River (UCFR) Long Term Research in Environmental Biology (LTREB) umbrella monitoring project generating these data is conducted separately and complementarily to the 200-million-dollar (USD) superfund project for ecological restoration of the UCFR, associated tributaries, and head water streams including Silver Bow and Warm Springs Creeks. Restoration along the UCFR in western Montana includes removal of metal-laden floodplain soils, lowering of the floodplain to its original elevation, and re-vegetation of over 70 km of the river’s floodplain closest to contaminant sources. The UCFR LTREB project includes bi-weekly water quality monitoring across the first 200 km of the river and its major tributaries along a gradient of heavy metal contamination associated with historic mining. Monitoring includes inorganic phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations, biotic standing stocks, and dissolved and whole-water heavy metal concentrations. The monitoring program began in 2017 with funding likely to be extended through 2028. The original analytical intent for these data was to assess the response of river dissolved organic carbon to the floodplain restoration. Data are multispectral absorbance and fluorescence analyses of organic carbon dissolved in samples of well-mixed river thalweg water. Data include excitation-emission matrices, absorbance spectroscopy, as well as absorbance and fluorometric summary indices calculated at specific wavelengths of excitation and emission. Data are from the 2017 and 2018 water years (1 Oct 2016 to 30 Sep 2018). Data were collected on the Upper Clark Fork River (USGS HUC 17010201) at 13 project sites distributed along the river from the vicinity of Anaconda to Missoula, Montana, USA. These data are a correction of a previously published data product (doi:10.6073/pasta/6ba30f4ebb63175a4399c5d0aa6a8698). Inconsistencies between availability of EEMS data, absorbance data, and fluorometric summary metrics have been corrected. P
Long-term dynamics of tropical rain forests in permanent inventory plots, La Selva, Costa Rica (1969-1995)
Three permanent plots comprising a total of 12.4 ha were established in 1969 in tropical rain forest at La Selva Biological Station, near Puerto Viejo de Sarapiquí, in the Caribbean lowlands of Costa Rica. The plots were established in old-growth forest on three contrasting landforms: Plot 1 (4.4 ha) on old alluvial terrace; Plot 2 (4.0 ha) in swamp forest and rolling hills; and Plot 3 (4.0 ha) on steeply dissected terrain with residual soils. The data archived here include plot inventories carried out at five census dates over a period of 27 years. The inventory starting dates were 1969; 1982; 1985; 1989; and 1995. All stems 10 cm dbh or greater were tagged with a permanent numbered tag; measured in diameter at breast height and above buttresses to the nearest mm; mapped on the ground to the nearest m; and identified to species. At each census, live trees were re-measured, dead trees were recorded along with information on the manner of death, other details on the condition of the tree were noted, and new recruits were tagged, mapped, measured, and identified. The archived data include these five components: (1) The master data file, including comprehensive data on all tagged individuals in the three plots for the five censuses from 1969-1995. Each line in the data set represents an individual tagged tree or liana. The data array comprises 8689 lines (the number of tagged individuals) x 48 columns of data. The lines in the data set are ordered first by Plot number (1, 2, 3); next by subplot within each plot; and then by tag number within each subplot. (2) A list of column identifiers, describing in detail the information represented in each of the 48 columns within the master data file. The list gives a description of the data in each column, the units of measurement, and a guide to the interpretation of zeroes in the data. (3) A key to codes used in the field to describe the condition of individual trees. (4) A taxonomic reference list, including all species found
Pre- and Post- construction snorkel surveys at the project and reach stretches, Yuba River, CA, 2014 through 2024
Cramer Fish Sciences (CFS), cbec, inc. ecoengineering, and South Yuba River Citizen’s League, funded and directed by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service’s Anadromous Fish Restoration Program (USFWS AFRP), teamed to plan, design, monitor, and perform regulatory compliance for the Hallwood Side Channel and Floodplain Restoration Project (Project) on the Yuba River, California. The Project is designed to restore and enhance ecosystem processes, with a primary focus on improving productive juvenile salmonid rearing habitat to increase natural production of fall and spring-run Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and steelhead O. mykiss in the Yuba River. The Project enhanced up to 157 acres of seasonally inundated riparian floodplain habitats, 1.7 miles of perennial side and alcove channels, and more than 6.1 miles of seasonal side channels. The design approach focused on removing unnatural constraints (such as a mid-river training wall and very coarse surface materials left from mining activities) in order to allow natural river and floodplain processes to function. Construction planning efforts included multi-year phasing to remove about 3.2 million cubic yards of material from the site while optimizing habitat establishment in early years and minimizing disturbance to existing high quality riparian and aquatic habitat. The Project included a robust monitoring program that measured the effect of restoration on a range of ecological parameters thought to influence salmonid habitat use and productivity and riparian ecosystem function using a Before-After-Control-Impact study framework. Specifically, we monitored salmonid and non-native predator density, juvenile salmonid growth and residence time, predation, invertebrate prey (drift) density and biomass, and changes in acreage of a range of habitat types, including terrestrial and aquatic vegetation. We also examined factors influencing natural riparian tree recruitment following restoration.
Monitoring juvenile Chinook salmon outmigration using rotary screw traps on Feather River
California Department of Water Resources (DWR) currently operates multiple eight-foot rotary screw traps (RSTs) in both the Low Flow Channel (LFC) and High Flow Channel (HFC) of the upper 21.5 river miles of the Lower Feather River. The LFC extends from the Fish Barrier Dam at river mile (RM) 67.2 to the Thermalito Outlet (RM 59). The HFC extends from the Thermalito Outlet to the confluence with the Sacramento River. This survey has been ongoing since 1997 with the objective of documenting general salmonid emigration attributes, such as timing, abundance and composition of salmon and investigating the influence of environmental factors thought to initiate emigration, such as flow, turbidity and water temperature. Data from this monitoring will also be used to inform the development of a juvenile production estimate (JPE) for spring-run Chinook salmon in the Sacramento River Watershed as required by Incidental Take Permit No. 2081-2019-006-00 issued by CA Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) to DWR for the long-term operation of the State Water Project. Data within the current year’s monitoring season are considered provisional.
Lower American River restoration spawning surveys at project and control reaches (2022 - 2024)
Sacramento Water Forum has implemented spawning and rearing habitat enhancement projects on the Lower American River at the Lower Sailor Bar, Nimbus Basin, Upper River Bend and Lower River Bend reaches. Enhancements include installation of gravel to restore over 28 acres of spawning habitat and in-channel/floodplain grading to create over 44 acres of rearing habitat. Construction of Lower Sailor Bar and Nimbus Basin were completed in summer 2022, Upper River Bend was completed in summer 2023, and Lower River Bend was completed in summer 2024. The goal of the projects is to increase existing spawning and rearing habitat for salmonids under typical flows. This work supports effectiveness monitoring for this project, including spawning and rearing (snorkel) surveys before and after restoration. This work also informs performance metrics and adaptive management strategies.
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Long-term Population and Community Dynamics: Fishes, ongoing since 2005 (Reformatted to the ecocomDP Design Pattern)
This data package is formatted as an ecocomDP (Ecological Community Data Pattern). For more information on ecocomDP see https://github.com/EDIorg/ecocomDP. This Level 1 data package was derived from the Level 0 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/knb-lter-mcr/6/58. The abstract below was extracted from the Level 0 data package and is included for context: These data describe the species abundance and size distributions of fishes surveyed as part of MCR LTER's annual reef fish monitoring program. This study began in 2005 and the dataset is updated annually. The abundances of all mobile taxa of fishes (Scarids, Labrids, Acanthurids, Serranids, etc.) observed on a five by fifty meter transect which extends from the bottom to the surface of the water column are recorded by a diver using SCUBA. The diver then swims back along a one by fifty meter section of the original transect line and records the abundances of all non-mobile or cryptic taxa of fishes (Pomacentids, Gobiids, Cirrhitids, Holocentrids etc). Surveys are conducted between 0900 and 1600 hours (Moorea time) during late July or early August each year. In 2006, divers also began to estimate the size (length) of each fish observed to the nearest half cm. Four replicate transects are surveyed in each of six locations on the forereef (two on each of Moorea's three sides), six locations on the backreef (two on each of Moorea's three sides) and on six locations on the fringing reef (two on each of Moorea's three sides) for a total of 72 individual transects. Transects are permanently marked using a series of small, stainless steel posts affixed to the reef. Transects on the forereef are located at a depth of approximately 12m, those on the backreef are located at a depth of approximately 1.5m and those on the fringing reef are located at a depth of approximately 10m. In addition to the biotic data collected, divers also record data on the date and time each transect was surveyed,
Summer water chemistry; sediment phosphorus fluxes and sorption capacity; sedimentation and sediment resuspension dynamics; water column thermal structure; and zooplankton, macroinvertebrate, and macrophyte communities in eight shallow lakes in northwest Iowa, USA (2018-2020)
The primary aim of this data product is to characterize change in water chemistry, sediment-water interactions, and biological communities in shallow, eutrophic lakes undergoing a fishery biomanipulation. We studied eight glacial lakes located in northwest Iowa, USA, from 2018 to 2020 during the summer season (May to September). A subset of these lakes (n = 4; Center, Five Island, North Twin, and Silver Lakes) were part of a fishery biomanipulation in which the Iowa Department of Natural Resources (IDNR) incentivized commercial harvest of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and bigmouth buffalo (Ictiobus cyprinellus). Harvests occurred in Center and Five Island Lakes during 2018-2019 and in North Twin and Silver Lakes during 2019-2020. Between 73 and 373 kg fish biomass per ha were removed each year. The other study lakes (n = 4; Blue, South Twin, Storm, and Swan Lakes) remained unmanipulated during the study period. Over the course of the biomanipulation, we quantified a suite of physical, chemical, and biological parameters across the study lakes. High frequency aquatic sensors were used to measure water column thermal structure, dissolved oxygen concentrations, and algal pigments. Manual water chemistry sampling further quantified suspended solids, total phosphorus and nitrogen, soluble reactive phosphorus, nitrate, and water clarity. We measured flux rates of phosphorus between bottom sediments and the overlying water using ex situ sediment core incubations under both oxic and anoxic conditions. We further quantified sediment phosphorus sorption capacity using equilibrium phosphorus concentration assays. Tiered sediment traps were used to measure sedimentation rates as well as sediment resuspension in bottom waters. We also measured change in zooplankton, macroinvertebrate, and macrophyte community composition and abundance. These data will be used to better understand the mechanisms of internal phosphorus loading in shallow lakes and the ecosystem effects of fisherie
MacroSheds: a synthesis of long-term biogeochemical, hydroclimatic, and geospatial data from small watershed ecosystem studies
The MacroSheds dataset is an ongoing synthesis of data records from small-watershed ecosystem studies, including those managed by LTER, CZO/CZNet, NEON, and many other networks. While details of instrumentation and sampling methods vary across these studies, the types of data collected and the questions that motivate their analysis are remarkably similar. Nevertheless, little effort toward the compilation of these datasets has previously been made, and comparative watershed analyses have remained limited in scale. The MacroSheds dataset includes daily time series of streamflow (discharge) and stream chemistry, as well as precipitation and precipitation chemistry where available. Each of the 200+ watersheds included in the MacroSheds dataset is described by a comprehensive collection of watershed attributes, summarized from a diverse set of gridded data products. A subset of these watershed attributes conform as closely as possible to the specifications of the CAMELS dataset (https://ral.ucar.edu/solutions/products/camels), allowing the MacroSheds dataset to function as a small-watershed supplement to that corpus, and a resource for hydrologists as well as biogeochemists and watershed ecosystem scientists. Data paper: https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/lol2.10325 Data dashboard for visualization: macrosheds.org R package for data access and analysis: https://github.com/MacroSHEDS/macrosheds R package vignettes: https://macrosheds.org/pages/vignettes Live dataset changelog: https://macrosheds.org/pages/changelog.html Questions: mail@macrosheds.org
High-frequency dissolved oxygen, water temperature, wind speed, and radiation data; stream and in-lake nutrient concentration data; and daily metabolism and nutrient loading estimates for 16 lakes in North America and Northern Europe.
In lakes, ecosystem structure and processes are influenced by gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (R), and net ecosystem production (NEP). The rates of these metabolic processes are often controlled by resource availability, which often reflects catchment loads. Although the relationship between catchment loads and in-lake nutrient concentrations may be well defined in specific lakes, we explored how watershed vs. in-lake predictors of metabolism compare across lake types. To do this, we combined stream loads of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) with high frequency in situ monitoring of lake metabolism and in-lake C, N, and P concentrations from 16 lakes spanning a range of latitudes (39 to 64 degrees N), inflowing stream (0 - 6 streams), and trophic status (oligotrophic to eutrophic). The data package includes high-frequency dissolved oxygen, water temperature, wind speed, and solar radiation data as well as daily estimates of GPP, R, and NEP derived from those data. In addition, the data package includes in-lake and stream concentrations of dissolved organic carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus and stream discharge data. The package also includes estimates of daily carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus loading to each lake derived from the stream concentrations and discharge.
Water transparency in the Laurentian Great Lakes
The Laurentian Great Lakes in the mid-east region of North America is one of the largest freshwater ecosystems in the world. This data set contains limnological data, focusing on underwater transparency in this ecosystem and the surrounding region from 1999-2024. Current water transparency data sets highlight the increase in offshore transparency measured by a deepening of average Secchi Disk depth since the invasion of the Dreissenid mussels. However, limited data exists on the Great Lakes to provide insight to the underwater optical environment of the offshore, nearshore, and surrounding water bodies of these lakes. These data illustrate the vertical underwater light environment with data from wavelengths of sunlight including photosynthetically active radiation (400 – 700 nm), UV-A radiation (320 - 400 nm) and UV-B radiation (290 - 320 nm). Understanding the depths to which these specific wavelengths of sunlight reach within a lake, as well as the substances within the lake that may influence the attenuation of sunlight can provide a picture of how habitats within the lake system have been impacted. This data set is a part of a continuous data collaboration among multiple research groups, and will be updated periodically as more data are made available. As such, this data set provides a snapshot of water transparency in the Great Lakes. The data here are contained in four files, including WaterTransparencyData_GreatLakes.csv, SiteInformation_GreatLakes.csv, Methods_GreatLakes.csv, and Variables_GreatLakes. The main data are in WaterTransparencyData_GreatLakes.csv. SiteInformation_GreatLakes.csv, Methods_GreatLakes.csv, and Variables_GreatLakes.csv support the main data file with descriptions of the sampling sites, methods by which samples were processed, and descriptions of variables, respectively.
Temperature and concentration of dissolved oxygen in river water measured in the Upper Clark Fork River (Montana, USA) during 2020 and 2021
The LTREB (Long Term Research in Environmental Biology) monitoring project is a portion of the $200 million-dollar (USD) superfund project for ecological restoration of the Upper Clark Fork River (UCFR), associated tributaries, and head water streams including Silver Bow and Warm Springs Creeks. Restoration along the Upper Clark Fork River includes removal of metal-laden floodplain soils, lowering of the floodplain to its original elevation, and re-vegetation of over 70 km of the river's floodplain closest to contaminant sources. The UCFR Long Term Research in Environmental Biology (LTREB) project includes bi-weekly water quality monitoring across a 200-km gradient of heavy metal contamination associated with historic mining. Monitoring includes inorganic phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations, biotic standing stocks, and dissolved and whole-water heavy metal concentrations. The UCFR LTREB monitoring project is conducted within the first 200km of the UCFR and associated tributaries located in western Montana. The monitoring program began in 2017 and will be completed in the year 2023 with potential for funding extension. Surface water samples represented in this data product are collected from six sites on the mainstem of the UCFR. River water is measured at each monitoring site using miniDOT Loggers. Dissolved oxygen (DO) and Temperature (T) are recorded by the sensor at five-, 10-, or 15-minute intervals (as found in the raw data files), then interpolated as needed to five-minute intervals in the product data tables. The analysis-ready data of this dataset represent Quality Assurance and Quality Control (QAQC) -processed DO concentrations from six sites on the mainstem of the UCFR collected in 2020 and 2021.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.