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5,856 results for “B cells”
Figures 10-17 from: Liu B, Williams DM (2020) From chaos to order: the life history of Hannaea inaequidentata (Lagerstedt) Genkal and Kharitonov (Bacillariophyta), from initial cells to vegetative cells. PhytoKeys 162: 81-112. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.162.56136
Figures 10-17 Hannaea cf. arcus, SEM10–13 external view of valve, note linking spines and central area 14–17 internal view of valve, note central area lacking buttressing (15). Scale bars: 10 μm (10, 14), 2 μm (11–13, 15–17).
Figures 113-118 from: Liu B, Williams DM (2020) From chaos to order: the life history of Hannaea inaequidentata (Lagerstedt) Genkal and Kharitonov (Bacillariophyta), from initial cells to vegetative cells. PhytoKeys 162: 81-112. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.162.56136
Figures 113-118 Hannaea inaequidentata, middle details of pre-normal cells, external view, SEM113 middle part of Fig. 107 showing deflexed sternum (two arrows) and central area 114 detail of middle illustrated in Fig. 108 showing sternum (two arrows) and central area 115 detail of middle illustrated in Fig. 109 showing sternum (two arrows) and central area 116 detail of middle part illustrated in Fig. 110 showing developed virgae and vimines 117 detail of middle part illustrated in Fig. 111 showing developed spines 118 detail of middle part illustrated in Fig. 112 showing well-developed virgae, vimines and spines. Scale bars: 5 μm (113–118).
Figures 97-102 from: Liu B, Williams DM (2020) From chaos to order: the life history of Hannaea inaequidentata (Lagerstedt) Genkal and Kharitonov (Bacillariophyta), from initial cells to vegetative cells. PhytoKeys 162: 81-112. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.162.56136
Figures 97-102 Hannaea inaequidentata, dividing half mother frustule, external view, SEM97 slightly displaced half mother frustule, note its rounded outline 98 middle detail of Fig. 97 showing broken longitudinal perizonium 99, 100 details of Fig. 98 (two asterisks) showing broken longitudinal perizonium (arrows) and distinctive plaques (arrowheads) 101 apex detail of Fig. 97 showing irregular ocellulimbus and 4:2 configuration of girdle bands 102 another apex detail of Fig. 97 showing 4:2 configuration of girdle bands and a new-born hypovalve with regular sternum (two arrows). Scale bars: 10 μm (97, 98), 2 μm (99–102).
Figures 107-112 from: Liu B, Williams DM (2020) From chaos to order: the life history of Hannaea inaequidentata (Lagerstedt) Genkal and Kharitonov (Bacillariophyta), from initial cells to vegetative cells. PhytoKeys 162: 81-112. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.162.56136
Figures 107-112 Hannaea inaequidentata, pre-normal frustules, external view, SEM107 frustule with arcuate outline and swollen middle 108 frustule with developed sternum 109 frustule with bi-constricted middle and developed sternum 110 frustule with globular middle and developed sternum 111 twisted frustule with developed sternum 112 frustule with distinct virgae and developed sternum. Scale bars: 20 μm (107–112).
Figures 103-106 from: Liu B, Williams DM (2020) From chaos to order: the life history of Hannaea inaequidentata (Lagerstedt) Genkal and Kharitonov (Bacillariophyta), from initial cells to vegetative cells. PhytoKeys 162: 81-112. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.162.56136
Figures 103-106 Hannaea inaequidentata, half mother frustule, external view, SEM103 half mother frustule, note its rounded outline 104 middle detail of Fig. 103 showing longitudinal perizonium (arrows) and plaques (arrowheads) 105 apex detail of Fig. 103106 apex detail of Fig. 103 showing four girdle bands and hypovalve with spines (arrows). Scale bars: 10 μm (103), 2 μm (104–106).
Figures 91-96 from: Liu B, Williams DM (2020) From chaos to order: the life history of Hannaea inaequidentata (Lagerstedt) Genkal and Kharitonov (Bacillariophyta), from initial cells to vegetative cells. PhytoKeys 162: 81-112. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.162.56136
Figures 91-96 Hannaea inaequidentata, an initial frustule, external view, SEM91 complete initial frustule, note its rounded outline 92 detail of Fig. 90, showing longitudinal perizonium wholly covering valve surface, no transverse perizonium bands (arrows) 93 detail of Fig. 90 showing longitudinal perizonium (arrows) 94 detail of Fig. 91 showing longitudinal perizonium on two valves and one girdle band (arrows) 95, 96 two apex details of Fig. 91 showing longitudinal perizonium (arrows), irregular ocellulimbus, and two rimoportulae per valve (curved arrows). Scale bars: 20 μm (91), 1 μm (92–96).
Figures 85-90 from: Liu B, Williams DM (2020) From chaos to order: the life history of Hannaea inaequidentata (Lagerstedt) Genkal and Kharitonov (Bacillariophyta), from initial cells to vegetative cells. PhytoKeys 162: 81-112. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.162.56136
Figures 85-90 Hannaea inaequidentata, an initial frustule, external view, SEM85 complete initial frustule, note its rounded, cylinder-like, twisted outline 86 middle detail of Fig. 85, showing central area, sternum not developed (two arrows), longitudinal perizonium wholly covering valve surface, no transverse perizonium bands 87 detail of Fig. 85 showing longitudinal perizonium (arrows), plaques (arrowheads), and two girdle bands 88 detail of Fig. 86 showing longitudinal perizonium (arrows) 89 apex detail of Fig. 85 showing longitudinal perizonium (arrow) and irregular ocellulimbus located in valve margin (curved arrow) 90 another apex of Fig. 85, note depressed pole (arrow). Scale bars: 20 μm (85), 10 μm (52), 1 μm (86–90).
Figures 60-65 from: Liu B, Williams DM (2020) From chaos to order: the life history of Hannaea inaequidentata (Lagerstedt) Genkal and Kharitonov (Bacillariophyta), from initial cells to vegetative cells. PhytoKeys 162: 81-112. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.162.56136
Figures 60-65 Hannaea inaequidentata, normal vegetative valves, external view, SEM60 displaced frustule 61 detail of Fig. 60, showing well-developed virgae and vimines (arrows), spines mostly located between two adjacent virgae, sometimes situated on virgae (arrowheads) 62, 63 apex details of Fig. 62 showing rimoportula configuration in two valves forming a cell: each cell with two rimoportulae, located diagonally at both apices of each cell (two arrows, respectively) 64, 65 another two apices showing a regular ocellulimbus and areolae occluded internally by hymens. Scale bars: 10 μm (60), 2 μm (61–63), 1 μm (64, 65).
Figures 66-69 from: Liu B, Williams DM (2020) From chaos to order: the life history of Hannaea inaequidentata (Lagerstedt) Genkal and Kharitonov (Bacillariophyta), from initial cells to vegetative cells. PhytoKeys 162: 81-112. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.162.56136
Figures 66-69 Hannaea inaequidentata, normal vegetative valve, internal view, SEM66 complete valve 67 detail of Fig. 66 showing unilateral swollen middle 68, 69 details of Fig. 66 showing regular sternum and radiating striae near each apex. Scale bars: 10 μm (66), 2 μm (67–69).
Figures 79-84 from: Liu B, Williams DM (2020) From chaos to order: the life history of Hannaea inaequidentata (Lagerstedt) Genkal and Kharitonov (Bacillariophyta), from initial cells to vegetative cells. PhytoKeys 162: 81-112. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.162.56136
Figures 79-84 Hannaea inaequidentata, an initial frustule, external view, SEM79 complete initial frustule, note its rounded, cylinder-like, twisted outline 80 middle detail of Fig. 79, showing central area, sternum not developed (i.e. striae continue across valve surface, also see 81, 83, arrow), longitudinal perizonium wholly covering valve surface, no transverse perizonium bands (also see Figs 85–106) 81 detail of Fig. 79 showing sternum not developed (arrow) 82 apex detail of Fig. 79 showing two girdle bands for this initial frustule, sternum not developed. 83, 84 details of Fig. 79 showing two disc-shaped incunabular scales with cerebral-cortex-like surfaces (83 curved arrow; 84 arrow). Scale bars: 10 μm (79), 2 μm (80–84).
Figures 70-78 from: Liu B, Williams DM (2020) From chaos to order: the life history of Hannaea inaequidentata (Lagerstedt) Genkal and Kharitonov (Bacillariophyta), from initial cells to vegetative cells. PhytoKeys 162: 81-112. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.162.56136
Figures 70-78 Hannaea inaequidentata, initial frustules and pre-normal vegetative valves, LM70, 71 two initial frustules, note nonexistent (undeveloped) sternum and irregular valve face 72–78 seven pre-normal vegetative valves showing seven irregular valve shapes: almost straight with undulate valve margins (72), sigmoid with constricted two middle margins (73), double S-shaped with one middle margin constricted (74), parallel middle margins with one half of valve straight and the other deflexed (75), swollen middle part with almost straight valve (76), arcuate with globular middle part (77), and nearly normal but distinctly arcuate (78).
Figures 1-9 from: Liu B, Williams DM (2020) From chaos to order: the life history of Hannaea inaequidentata (Lagerstedt) Genkal and Kharitonov (Bacillariophyta), from initial cells to vegetative cells. PhytoKeys 162: 81-112. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.162.56136
Figures 1-9 Hannaea cf. arcus and Hannaea cf. baicalensis, LM1–7 seven valves showing valve size diminution series for Hannaea cf. arcus8, 9 two valves of Hannaea cf. baicalensis. Scale bar: 10 μm (1, 8).
Raw - EBV-specific CD8 T lymphocytes and B cells during glatiramer acetate therapy in patients with MS
<p>Intracellular staining overnight</p>
Data from: Lineage tracing of human B cells reveals the in vivo landscape of human antibody class switching
Antibody class switching is a feature of the adaptive immune system which enables diversification of the effector properties of antibodies. Even though class switching is essential for mounting a protective response to pathogens, the in vivo patterns and lineage characteristics of antibody class switching have remained uncharacterized in living humans. Here we comprehensively measured the landscape of antibody class switching in human adult twins using antibody repertoire sequencing. The map identifies how antibodies of every class are created and delineates a two-tiered hierarchy of class switch pathways. Using somatic hypermutations as a molecular clock, we discovered that closely related B cells often switch to the same class, but lose coherence as somatic mutations accumulate. Such correlations between closely related cells exist when purified B cells class switch in vitro, suggesting that class switch recombination is directed toward specific isotypes by a cell-autonomous imprinted state.
Data from: Consistency of VDJ rearrangement and substitution parameters enables accurate B cell receptor sequence annotation
VDJ rearrangement and somatic hypermutation work together to produce antibody-coding B cell receptor (BCR) sequences for a remarkable diversity of antigens. It is now possible to sequence these BCRs in high throughput; analysis of these sequences is bringing new insight into how antibodies develop, in particular for broadly-neutralizing antibodies against HIV and influenza. A fundamental step in such sequence analysis is to annotate each base as coming from a specific one of the V, D, or J genes, or from an N-addition (a.k.a. non-templated insertion). Previous work has used simple parametric distributions to model transitions from state to state in a hidden Markov model (HMM) of VDJ recombination, and assumed that mutations occur via the same process across sites. However, codon frame and other effects have been observed to violate these parametric assumptions for such coding sequences, suggesting that a non-parametric approach to modeling the recombination process could be useful. In our paper, we find that indeed large modern data sets suggest a model using parameter-rich per-allele categorical distributions for HMM transition probabilities and per-allele-per-position mutation probabilities, and that using such a model for inference leads to significantly improved results. We present an accurate and efficient BCR sequence annotation software package using a novel HMM "factorization" strategy. This package, called partis (https://github.com/psathyrella/partis/), is built on a new general-purpose HMM compiler that can perform efficient inference given a simple text description of an HMM.
Pre-processed B-cell receptor amplicon sequencing data from SRR1842411
<p>An example dataset containing B-cell receptor (BCR) gene sequences. This dataset is intended to be used for testing software tools developed to annotate (i.e. map Variable, Diversity and Joining segments) and perform clonal analysis of BCR sequencing data.</p> <p><strong>Sequencing:</strong></p> <p>Libraries prepared using 5'RACE from PBMCs of a healthy donor. Input molecules were tagged with unique molecular identifiers (UMIs). Sequencing was ran on MiSeq , 300+300bp reads.</p> <p><strong>Contents:</strong></p> <p>The dataset contains both raw sequencing reads and high-quality consensus sequences assembled using unique molecular tagging (UMI) approach. Consensus assembly corrects for sequencing errors and eliminates sequencing artifacts.</p> <ul> <li>age_ig_s7_R1.fastq.gz and age_ig_s7_R2.fastq.gz contain raw reads</li> <li>age_ig_s7_R1.t10.cf.fastq.gz and age_ig_s7_R2.t10.cf.fastq.gz contain consensus sequences</li> </ul> <p>All files contain an UMI tag sequence in their header, in form UMI:NNNN:QQQQ where N is the base character and Q is the quality character (for assembled consensuses the total number of reads is given instead of Q string).</p> <p>Note that consensus sequences were assembled using only raw sequences that correspond to UMI tags supported by at least 10 sequencing reads. That means that consensus sequence files contain a subset of all UMI tags found in raw sequences. Thus, if one wants to assess software performance on raw sequencing reads using assembled consensus sequences as a high-quality data standard, raw sequencing reads should be filtered to contain only those UMI tags that are present in consensus sequence file.</p> <p><strong>Citations:</strong></p> <p>The whole dataset was used to benchmark MiXCR software and was originally referenced in Bolotin DA, et al. MiXCR: software for comprehensive adaptive immunity profiling Nature methods 12(5):380-381, 2015.</p> <p>Data pre-processing was carried out using MIGEC software, Shugay M et al. Towards error-free profiling of immune repertoires. Nature Methods 11(6):653-655, 2014.</p> <p><strong>Contributors:</strong></p> <p>The dataset was generated in Prof. Chudakov lab (Adaptive Immunity Group in Masaryk University, Brno and Genomics of Adaptive Immunity Lab in Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow). Sample preparation and sequencing was performed by Dr. Olga Britanova and Dr. Maria Turchaninova. Raw sequencing reads were pre-processed and uploaded by Dr. Mikhail Shugay.</p>
Clinicopathological differences in MYC and BCL2 protein expression between primary extranodal and nodal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Raw data to: "Vaccine-elicited CD4 T cells prevent the deletion of antiviral B cells in chronic infection"
<p>Raw data underlying the publication by Narr et al. entitled "Vaccine-elicited CD4 T cells prevent the deletion of antiviral B cells in chronic infection".</p>
Text-fig. 6. Quercus sp. Red Oak, UF 279-24550. a, b: Wood semi-ring-porous to diffuse-porous; vessels exclusively solitary; thinwalled tyloses in wide vessels; diffuse, diffuse-in-aggregates axial parenchyma; rays of two distinct sizes. TS. c: Rays of two distinct sizes, TLS. d: Vessel-vasicentric tracheid pitting, RLS. e: Vessel-ray parenchyma pitting with reduced borders, vertically elongate, RLS. f: Narrow rays 1-2 cells wide, TLS. g: Ray composed of procumbent cells, RLS. Scale bars: 200 µm in a, b, c; 50 µm in d, f, g; 20 µm in e. in A Diverse Assemblage Of Late Eocene Woods From Oregon, Western Usa
Text-fig. 6. Quercus sp. Red Oak, UF 279-24550. a, b: Wood semi-ring-porous to diffuse-porous; vessels exclusively solitary; thinwalled tyloses in wide vessels; diffuse, diffuse-in-aggregates axial parenchyma; rays of two distinct sizes. TS. c: Rays of two distinct sizes, TLS. d: Vessel-vasicentric tracheid pitting, RLS. e: Vessel-ray parenchyma pitting with reduced borders, vertically elongate, RLS. f: Narrow rays 1-2 cells wide, TLS. g: Ray composed of procumbent cells, RLS. Scale bars: 200 µm in a, b, c; 50 µm in d, f, g; 20 µm in e.
Sanger sequencing of PBMC derived B cells from human healthy donor
<p>Sanger sequencing of 117 PBMC- derived B cells from human healthy donor</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.