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1,070 results for “dung beetle”
A role for sex determination genes in life history evolution? Doublesex mediates sexual size dimorphism in the gazelle dung beetle
<p>An organism's fitness depends strongly on its age and size at maturation. Although the evolutionary forces acting on these critical life history traits have been heavily scrutinized, the developmental mechanisms underpinning intraspecific variation in adult size and development time remain much less well understood. Using RNA interference, I here show that the highly conserved sex determination gene <i>doublesex </i>(<i>dsx</i>) mediates sexual size dimorphism (SSD) in the gazelle dung beetle <i>Digitonthophagus gazella</i>. Because <i>doublesex</i> undergoes sex-specific splicing and sex-limited isoforms regulate different target genes, this suggests <i>dsx</i> contributes to the resolution of intralocus sexual conflict in body size. However, these results contrast with previous studies demonstrating that <i>dsx </i>does not affect body size or SSD in <i>Drosophila</i>. This indicates that intraspecific body size variation is underlain by different developmental mechanisms in different insect lineages. Furthermore, although male <i>D. gazella</i> have a longer development time than females, sexual bimaturism was not affected by <i>dsx</i> expression knockdown. In addition, and in contrast to secondary sexual morphology, <i>dsx</i> did not significantly affect nutritional plasticity in life history. Taken together, these findings indicate that <i>dsx</i> signaling contributes to intraspecific life history variation but that <i>dsx</i>'s function in sexual dimorphism in life history differs among traits and species. More generally, these findings suggest that genes ancestrally tasked with sex determination have been coopted into the developmental regulation of life history traits and may represent an underappreciated mechanism of life history evolution.</p>
Fig. 9 in Macrochelid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) associated with dung beetles in Mount Gede-Pangrango National Park, West Java, Indonesia
Fig. 9. Dorsal shield of A. Macrocheles gedeensis with pilose setae and B. of M. monticola with simple setae. Scale bar: 100 μm.
Figs. 1-6 in Macrochelid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) associated with dung beetles in Mount Gede-Pangrango National Park, West Java, Indonesia
Figs. 1-6. Macrocheles gedeensis sp. nov., holotype female (MZB.Acar.7091.2). 1, dorsum; 2, venter; 3, ventral view of gnathosoma; 4, epistome; 5, chelicerae; 6, sacculus foemineus.
Fig. 7 in Macrochelid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) associated with dung beetles in Mount Gede-Pangrango National Park, West Java, Indonesia
Fig. 7. Epigynial setae of A. Macrocheles gedeensis (pilose distally), B. M. monticola (simple), and C. M. persimilis (simple). Scale bar: a, c = 100 μm, b = 50 μm.
Figure 8 from: Kohlmann B, Arriaga-Jiménez A, Rös M (2018) Dung beetle vicariant speciation in the mountains of Oaxaca, Mexico, with a description of a new species of Phanaeus (Coleoptera, Geotrupidae, Scarabaeidae). ZooKeys 743: 67-93. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.743.23029
Figure 8 Major male habitus in a dorsal and b lateral view of Phanaeus malyi, and in c dorsal and d lateral view of Ph. pyrois. Scale bar= 5mm.
Figure 7 from: Kohlmann B, Arriaga-Jiménez A, Rös M (2018) Dung beetle vicariant speciation in the mountains of Oaxaca, Mexico, with a description of a new species of Phanaeus (Coleoptera, Geotrupidae, Scarabaeidae). ZooKeys 743: 67-93. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.743.23029
Figure 7 Drone photographs of the dry oak forest where Ph. dionysius sp. n. was collected; a April 2017 and b August 2017.
Figure 6 from: Kohlmann B, Arriaga-Jiménez A, Rös M (2018) Dung beetle vicariant speciation in the mountains of Oaxaca, Mexico, with a description of a new species of Phanaeus (Coleoptera, Geotrupidae, Scarabaeidae). ZooKeys 743: 67-93. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.743.23029
Figure 6 Map of the known distribution of Geotrupes pecki, G. viridiobscurus, Phanaeus dionysius sp. n., and Ph. zapotecus. Orography of Oaxaca is shown, based on the Digital Elevation Model downloaded from INEGI (2017, http://www.inegi.org.mx). Grey area shows the limits of Mexico with the Gulf of Mexico in the North and the Pacific Ocean in the South.
Figure 9 from: Kohlmann B, Arriaga-Jiménez A, Rös M (2018) Dung beetle vicariant speciation in the mountains of Oaxaca, Mexico, with a description of a new species of Phanaeus (Coleoptera, Geotrupidae, Scarabaeidae). ZooKeys 743: 67-93. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.743.23029
Figure 9 Dorsal habitus of a a male of G. pecki b of a female of G. pecki, and c of a male of G. viridiobscurus. Scale bar= 5mm.
Figure 3 from: Kohlmann B, Arriaga-Jiménez A, Rös M (2018) Dung beetle vicariant speciation in the mountains of Oaxaca, Mexico, with a description of a new species of Phanaeus (Coleoptera, Geotrupidae, Scarabaeidae). ZooKeys 743: 67-93. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.743.23029
Figure 3 a Lamella copulatrix and b aedeagus of Phanaeus dionysius sp. n. c aedeagus of Phanaeus zapotecus d parameres of Ph. dionysius sp. n. e parameres of Ph. zapotecus. Scale bar= 1mm.
Figure 2 from: Kohlmann B, Arriaga-Jiménez A, Rös M (2018) Dung beetle vicariant speciation in the mountains of Oaxaca, Mexico, with a description of a new species of Phanaeus (Coleoptera, Geotrupidae, Scarabaeidae). ZooKeys 743: 67-93. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.743.23029
Figure 2 Pygidia of a Ph. dyionysius sp. n. b detail, arrow points to the triangle that forms the keel c Ph. zapotecus. Scale bar= 1mm.
Figure 1 from: Kohlmann B, Arriaga-Jiménez A, Rös M (2018) Dung beetle vicariant speciation in the mountains of Oaxaca, Mexico, with a description of a new species of Phanaeus (Coleoptera, Geotrupidae, Scarabaeidae). ZooKeys 743: 67-93. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.743.23029
Figure 1 Major male habitus in a dorsal and b lateral view of Phanaeus dionysius sp. n., and c dorsal view of Ph. zapotecus. Scale bar= 5mm.
Plate 6 from: Chamorro W, Marin-Armijos D, Asenjo A, Vaz-De-Mello FZ (2019) Scarabaeinae dung beetles from Ecuador: a catalog, nomenclatural acts, and distribution records. ZooKeys 826: 1-343. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.826.26488
Plate 6 - Distribution of: A Bdelyrus parvoculus Cook, 1998 B Bdelyrus pecki Cook, 1998 C Bdelyrus seminudus Bates, 1887 D Bdelyrus triangulus Cook, 1998.
Plate 58 from: Chamorro W, Marin-Armijos D, Asenjo A, Vaz-De-Mello FZ (2019) Scarabaeinae dung beetles from Ecuador: a catalog, nomenclatural acts, and distribution records. ZooKeys 826: 1-343. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.826.26488
Plate 58 - A Lectotype (♂, here designated) of Uroxys latesulcatus Bates, 1891 B Lectotype (♂, here designated) of Uroxys magnus Balthasar, 1940.
Plate 57 from: Chamorro W, Marin-Armijos D, Asenjo A, Vaz-De-Mello FZ (2019) Scarabaeinae dung beetles from Ecuador: a catalog, nomenclatural acts, and distribution records. ZooKeys 826: 1-343. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.826.26488
Plate 57 - A Holotype (♂) of Deltochilum tessellatum var. arrowi Paulian, 1939 B Lectotype (♂, here designated) of Deltochilum tessellatum Bates, 1870 C Lectotype (♂, here designated) of Pinotus fortepunctatus Luederwaldt, 1923 D Lectotype (♂, here designated) of Pinotus globulus Felsche, 1901.
Plate 56 from: Chamorro W, Marin-Armijos D, Asenjo A, Vaz-De-Mello FZ (2019) Scarabaeinae dung beetles from Ecuador: a catalog, nomenclatural acts, and distribution records. ZooKeys 826: 1-343. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.826.26488
Plate 56 - A Lectotype (♂, here designated) of Choeridium cupreum Blanchard, 1846 B Lectotype (♂, here designated) of Canthidium coerulescens Balthasar, 1939 C Lectotype (♂, here designated) of Canthon angustatus Harold, 1867 D Lectotype (♂, here designated) of Canthon angustatus ohausi Balthasar, 1939.
Plate 55 from: Chamorro W, Marin-Armijos D, Asenjo A, Vaz-De-Mello FZ (2019) Scarabaeinae dung beetles from Ecuador: a catalog, nomenclatural acts, and distribution records. ZooKeys 826: 1-343. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.826.26488
Plate 55 - Distribution of: A Uroxys spaethi Balthasar, 1940 B Uroxys sulcicollis Harold, 1880 C Uroxys sulai Balthasar, 1940 D Lectotype (♂, here designated) of Choeridium orbiculatum Lucas, 1857.
Plate 54 from: Chamorro W, Marin-Armijos D, Asenjo A, Vaz-De-Mello FZ (2019) Scarabaeinae dung beetles from Ecuador: a catalog, nomenclatural acts, and distribution records. ZooKeys 826: 1-343. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.826.26488
Plate 54 - Distribution of: A Uroxys monstruosus Balthasar, 1940 B Uroxys ohausi (Balthasar, 1938) C Uroxys pauliani Balthasar, 1940 D Uroxys rugatus Boucumont, 1928.
Plate 8 from: Chamorro W, Marin-Armijos D, Asenjo A, Vaz-De-Mello FZ (2019) Scarabaeinae dung beetles from Ecuador: a catalog, nomenclatural acts, and distribution records. ZooKeys 826: 1-343. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.826.26488
Plate 8 - Distribution of: A Canthidium (Canthidium) hespenheidei Howden & Young, 1981 B Canthidium (Canthidium) macroculare Howden & Gill, 1987 C Canthidium (Canthidium) muticum (Boheman, 1858) D Canthidium (Canthidium) onitoides (Perty, 1830).
Plate 53 from: Chamorro W, Marin-Armijos D, Asenjo A, Vaz-De-Mello FZ (2019) Scarabaeinae dung beetles from Ecuador: a catalog, nomenclatural acts, and distribution records. ZooKeys 826: 1-343. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.826.26488
Plate 53 - Distribution of: A Uroxys frankenbergeri Balthasar, 1940 B Uroxys gorgon Arrow, 1933 C Uroxys latesulcatus Bates, 1891 D Uroxys lojanus Arrow, 1933.
Plate 51 from: Chamorro W, Marin-Armijos D, Asenjo A, Vaz-De-Mello FZ (2019) Scarabaeinae dung beetles from Ecuador: a catalog, nomenclatural acts, and distribution records. ZooKeys 826: 1-343. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.826.26488
Plate 51 - Distribution of: A Sulcophanaeus miyashitai Arnaud, 2002 B Sulcophanaeus velutinus (Murray, 1856) C Sylvicanthon bridarollii Martínez, 1948 D Sylvicanthon edmonsi Cupello & Vaz-de-Mello, 2018.
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