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3,283 results for “males and females”
Data from: Consistent female preference for rare and unfamiliar male color patterns in wild guppy populations
How genetic variation is maintained in ecologically important traits is a central question in evolutionary biology. Male Trinidadian guppies, Poecilia reticulata, exhibit high genetic variation in color patterns within populations, and field and laboratory studies implicate negative frequency-dependent selection in maintaining this variation. However, behavioral and ecological processes that mediate this selection in natural populations are poorly understood. We evaluated female mate preference in 11 natural guppy populations, including paired populations from high-and low-predation habitats, to determine if this behavior is responsible for negative frequency-dependent selection and to evaluate its prevalence in nature. Females directed significantly more attention to males with rare and unfamiliar color patterns than to males with common patterns. Female attention also increased with the area of male orange coloration, but this preference was independent of the preference for rare and unfamiliar patterns. We also found an overall effect of predation regime; females from high-predation populations directed more attention toward males than those from low-predation populations. Again, however, the habitat-linked preference was statistically independent from the preference for rare and unfamiliar patterns. Because previous research indicates that female attention to males predicts male mating success, we conclude that the prevalence of female preference for males with rare and unfamiliar color patterns across many natural populations supports the hypothesis that female preference is an important process underlying the maintenance of high genetic variation in guppy color patterns.
Data from: Bayesian estimates of male and female African lion mortality for future use in population management
The global population size of African lions is plummeting, and many small fragmented populations face local extinction. Extinction risks are amplified through the common practice of trophy hunting for males, which makes setting sustainable hunting quotas a vital task. Various demographic models evaluate consequences of hunting on lion population growth. However, none of the models use unbiased estimates of male age-specific mortality because such estimates do not exist. Until now, estimating mortality from resighting records of marked males has been impossible due to the uncertain fates of disappeared individuals: dispersal or death. We develop a new method and infer mortality for male and female lions from two populations that are typical with respect to their experienced levels of human impact. We found that mortality of both sexes differed between the populations and that males had higher mortality across all ages in both populations. We discuss the role that different drivers of lion mortality may play in explaining these differences and whether their effects need to be included in lion demographic models. Synthesis and applications. Our mortality estimates can be used to improve lion population management and, in addition, the mortality model itself has potential applications in demographically informed approaches to the conservation of species with sex-biased dispersal.
FIGURES 8–15. 8, Myrsidea kathleenae male genital sac sclerite. 9, M. warwicki female metanotal margin and dorsoventral abdomen. 10–14, Male genital sac sclerite. 10, M. plumosi. 11, M. adamsae. 12, M. ochracei. 13, M. borbonici. 14, M. johnsoni. 15, M in The genus Myrsidea Waterston (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from bulbuls (Passeriformes: Pycnonotidae), with descriptions of 16 new species
FIGURES 8–15. 8, Myrsidea kathleenae male genital sac sclerite. 9, M. warwicki female metanotal margin and dorsoventral abdomen. 10–14, Male genital sac sclerite. 10, M. plumosi. 11, M. adamsae. 12, M. ochracei. 13, M. borbonici. 14, M. johnsoni. 15, M. palmai male metanotal margin and dorsoventral abdomen.
FIGURES 20–29. Horismenus spp. 20–26. Antenna lateral. 20. H. butcheri, female. 21. H. butcheri, male. 22. H. depressus, female. 23. H. depressus, male. 24. H. missouriensis, female. 25. H. missouriensis, male. 26. H. productus, female. 27. H in Horismenus species (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in a bruchid beetle parasitoid guild, including the description of a new species
FIGURES 20–29. Horismenus spp. 20–26. Antenna lateral. 20. H. butcheri, female. 21. H. butcheri, male. 22. H. depressus, female. 23. H. depressus, male. 24. H. missouriensis, female. 25. H. missouriensis, male. 26. H. productus, female. 27. H. productus, scape lateral, male. 28. H. produc
FIGURE 2A–L in The male of the orb-weaving spider Plebs mitratus (Simon, 1895) and a redescription of the female (Araneae, Araneidae)
FIGURE 2A–L. Plebs mitratus (Simon, 1895) (ADSH912710A). A, Male, left pedipalp, ventral view; B, Same, dorsal view. C, Epigynum before clearing, ventral view; D, Same, dorsal view; E, Same, ventral view; F, Same, retrolateral view; G, Same, enlarged, retrolateral view; H, left pedipalp of specimen from Chembra peak (ADSH912710B), ventral view for illustrating intraspecific variations; I, epigynum with mating plug; J–K, two different epigyne (ADSH912710A), dorsal view for illustrating intraspecific variations; L, male coxae IV with stout ventral setae (ADSH912710A). Abbreviations: AR arch, C conductor, CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, CS cymbial spur, CY cymbium, E embolus, FD fertilization duct, LA lower arm, LP lateral plate of epigynum, MA median apophysis, MP mating plug, PC paracymbium, PMA paramedian apophysis, PP posterior plate of epigynum, R radix, S spermatheca, SC scape, ST subtegulum, TA terminal apophysis, TP tegular protrusion, UA upper arm. Scale bars: A–B, 0.13 mm; C, 0.09 mm; D–E, 0.08 mm; F, 0.2 mm; G, 0.16 mm; H, 0.13 mm; I, 0.07 mm; J, 0.1 mm; K, 0.11 mm; L, 1 mm.
FIGURE 1A–C in The male of the orb-weaving spider Plebs mitratus (Simon, 1895) and a redescription of the female (Araneae, Araneidae)
FIGURE 1A–C. Field photographs of Plebs mitratus (Simon, 1895). A, Male, dorso-lateral view; B, Female, dorsal view, both from Nayamakkadu Shola, Eravikulam National Park, Idukki (ADSH912710A); C, Distant view of a Tropical montane wet temperate forest (Shola forest) from Chembra peak in Wayanad. Photo credit A–C Jimmy Paul.
FIGURES 142–153. Oskoron brevichelis. Fig. 142, female palpus. Fig. 143, male palpus. Fig. 144, penis. Fig. 145, glans penis. Fig. 146 in The harvestman genus Taracus Simon 1879, and the new genus Oskoron (Opiliones: Ischyropsalidoidea: Taracidae)
FIGURES 142–153. Oskoron brevichelis. Fig. 142, female palpus. Fig. 143, male palpus. Fig. 144, penis. Fig. 145, glans penis. Fig. 146, female, dorsal view. Fig. 147, female, lateral view. Fig. 148, male, dorsal view. Fig. 149, male, lateral view. Fig. 150, female chelicerae, lateral view. Fig. 151, female chelicera, second article, frontal view. Fig. 152, male chelicerae, lateral view. Fig. 153, male chelicera, second article, frontal view.
FIGURES 127–137. Oskoron spinosus. Fig. 127, female palpus. Fig. 128, male palpus. Figs. 129, penis. Fig. 130, glans penis. Fig. 131 in The harvestman genus Taracus Simon 1879, and the new genus Oskoron (Opiliones: Ischyropsalidoidea: Taracidae)
FIGURES 127–137. Oskoron spinosus. Fig. 127, female palpus. Fig. 128, male palpus. Figs. 129, penis. Fig. 130, glans penis. Fig. 131, female, lateral view. Fig. 132, male, dorsal view. Fig. 133, male, lateral view. Fig. 134, ocularium, dorsal view. Fig. 135, female chelicerae, lateral view. Fig. 136, female chelicera, second article, frontal view. Fig. 137, male chelicera, second article, frontal view.
FIGURES 68–76. Taracus fluvipileus. Fig. 68, female palpus. Fig. 69, male palpus. Fig. 70, penis. Fig. 71, glans penis. Fig. 72 in The harvestman genus Taracus Simon 1879, and the new genus Oskoron (Opiliones: Ischyropsalidoidea: Taracidae)
FIGURES 68–76. Taracus fluvipileus. Fig. 68, female palpus. Fig. 69, male palpus. Fig. 70, penis. Fig. 71, glans penis. Fig. 72, male, dorsal view. Fig. 73, male, lateral view. Fig. 74, female chelicerae, lateral view. Fig. 75, female chelicerae, second article, frontal view. Fig. 76, male chelicerae, lateral view.
FIGURES 37–45. Taracus gertschi. Fig. 37, female palpus. Fig. 38, male palpus. Fig. 39, penis. Fig. 40, glans penis. Fig. 41 in The harvestman genus Taracus Simon 1879, and the new genus Oskoron (Opiliones: Ischyropsalidoidea: Taracidae)
FIGURES 37–45. Taracus gertschi. Fig. 37, female palpus. Fig. 38, male palpus. Fig. 39, penis. Fig. 40, glans penis. Fig. 41, female, dorsal view. Fig. 42, female, lateral view. Fig. 43, female chelicerae, lateral view. Fig. 44, female chelicera, second article, frontal view. Fig. 45, male chelicera, lateral view.
FIGURES 4–15. Taracus packardi. Fig. 4, female palpus. Fig. 5, male palpus. Fig. 6, penis. Fig. 7, glans penis. Fig. 8 in The harvestman genus Taracus Simon 1879, and the new genus Oskoron (Opiliones: Ischyropsalidoidea: Taracidae)
FIGURES 4–15. Taracus packardi. Fig. 4, female palpus. Fig. 5, male palpus. Fig. 6, penis. Fig. 7, glans penis. Fig. 8, female, dorsal view. Fig. 9, female, lateral view. Fig. 10, male, dorsal view. Fig. 11, male, lateral view. Fig. 12, female chelicerae, lateral view. Fig. 13, female chelicera, second article, frontal view. Fig. 14, male chelicerae, lateral view. Fig. 15, male chelicera, second article, frontal view.
FIGURES 37–48. Head, frontal view. 37 Ceriana brunettii male, Tajikistan 38 Ceriana caesarea male, Turkmenistan 39 Ceriana conopsoides male, Greece 40 Ceriana conopsoides female, Russia 41 Ceriana glaebosa male paratype 42 Ceriana media male paratype, Afghanistan 43 Ceriana naja male, Tajikistan 44 Ceriana sartorum male, Turkmenistan 45 Ceriana sartorum female, Tajikistan 46 Ceriana skevingtoni male paratype, Azerbaijan Talish 47 Ceriana vespiformis male, Greece 48 in Revision of the West-Palaearctic species of the tribe Cerioidini (Diptera, Syrphidae)
FIGURES 37–48. Head, frontal view. 37 Ceriana brunettii male, Tajikistan 38 Ceriana caesarea male, Turkmenistan 39 Ceriana conopsoides male, Greece 40 Ceriana conopsoides female, Russia 41 Ceriana glaebosa male paratype 42 Ceriana media male paratype, Afghanistan 43 Ceriana naja male, Tajikistan 44 Ceriana sartorum male, Turkmenistan 45 Ceriana sartorum female, Tajikistan 46 Ceriana skevingtoni male paratype, Azerbaijan Talish 47 Ceriana vespiformis male, Greece 48 Ceriana vespiformis female, Rhodos. Scale line = 2 mm.
FIGURES 2A–E. Diamesa aculeata new species. A in New species of Diamesa (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Tibet: conspecific males and females associated with mitochondrial DNA
FIGURES 2A–E. Diamesa aculeata new species. A, male genitalia in dorsal view. B, ventral view of pars ventralis, aedeagal lobe, basal plate and ventromesal margin of gonocoxite IX. C, ventral view of cuspidate microtrichia along dorsomesal edge of medial field. D, apex of anal point. E, female genitalia in lateral view.
FIGURES 3A–C. Diamesa spp., female genitalia. A–B in New species of Diamesa (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Tibet: conspecific males and females associated with mitochondrial DNA
FIGURES 3A–C. Diamesa spp., female genitalia. A–B, Diamesa sp. Himalaya1 in ventral and lateral view. C, Diamesa sp. Himalaya2 in ventral view.
FIGURES 1A–E. Diamesa solhoyi new species. A, male tentorium. B in New species of Diamesa (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Tibet: conspecific males and females associated with mitochondrial DNA
FIGURES 1A–E. Diamesa solhoyi new species. A, male tentorium. B, male genitalia in dorsal view. C, ventral view of pars ventralis (pv), basal plate (bp), basimedial setal cluster (bs) and aedeagal lobe (al). D, female genitalia in lateral view. E, female genitalia in ventral view. Scale bars (C–D) are 250 µm.
FIGURES 2–5. Horismenus butcheri. 2. Head frontal, female. 3. Head frontal, male. 4. Thoracic dorsum, female. 5 in Horismenus species (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in a bruchid beetle parasitoid guild, including the description of a new species
FIGURES 2–5. Horismenus butcheri. 2. Head frontal, female. 3. Head frontal, male. 4. Thoracic dorsum, female. 5. Thoracic dorsum, male.
FIGURES 6–9. Horismenus spp., gaster dorsal. 6. H. butcheri, female. 7. H. butcheri, male. 8. H. depressus, female. 9. H in Horismenus species (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in a bruchid beetle parasitoid guild, including the description of a new species
FIGURES 6–9. Horismenus spp., gaster dorsal. 6. H. butcheri, female. 7. H. butcheri, male. 8. H. depressus, female. 9. H. depressus, male.
FIGURES 16–19. Horismenus missouriensis. 16. Thoracic dorsum, female. 17. Thoracic dorsum, male. 18. Gaster dorsal, female. 19 in Horismenus species (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in a bruchid beetle parasitoid guild, including the description of a new species
FIGURES 16–19. Horismenus missouriensis. 16. Thoracic dorsum, female. 17. Thoracic dorsum, male. 18. Gaster dorsal, female. 19. Gaster dorsal, male.
FIGURES 13–18. Ambanus trisaccatus spec. nov. 13 Male body, dorsal view. 14 Female epigyne, ventral view. 15 Same, dorsal view. 16 Left male palp, prolateral view. 17 Same, ventral view. 18 in Three new species of the genus Ambanus Ovtchinnikov, 1999 from China (Araneae: Amaurobiidae: Coelotinae)
FIGURES 13–18. Ambanus trisaccatus spec. nov. 13 Male body, dorsal view. 14 Female epigyne, ventral view. 15 Same, dorsal view. 16 Left male palp, prolateral view. 17 Same, ventral view. 18 Same, retrolateral view. Scale bars: 13, 1.0mm; 14–18, 0.2 mm. C = conductor; CDA = conductor dorsal apophysis.
FIGURES 1–6. Ambanus pseudonariceus spec. nov. 1 Male body, dorsal view. 2 Female epigyne, ventral view. 3 Same, dorsal view. 4 Left male palp, prolateral view. 5 Same, ventral view. 6 in Three new species of the genus Ambanus Ovtchinnikov, 1999 from China (Araneae: Amaurobiidae: Coelotinae)
FIGURES 1–6. Ambanus pseudonariceus spec. nov. 1 Male body, dorsal view. 2 Female epigyne, ventral view. 3 Same, dorsal view. 4 Left male palp, prolateral view. 5 Same, ventral view. 6 Same, retrolateral view. Scale bars: 1, 1.0mm; 2–6, 0.2 mm. A = atrium; C = conductor; CD = copulatory duct; CDA = conductor dorsal apophysis; CF = cymbial furrow; E = embolus; FD = fertilization duct; H = hood; LTA = lateral tibial apophysis; MA = medial apophysis; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; S = spermathecae; SH = spermathecal head; ST = subtegulum; T = tegulum; Tr = trichobothrium; TS = tegular sclerite.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.